簡(jiǎn)介：1外文文獻(xiàn)原稿和譯文外文文獻(xiàn)原稿和譯文原稿LOGISTICSDISTRIBUTIONCENTERLOCATIONFACTORS1THEGOODSDISTRIBUTIONANDQUANTITYTHISISTHEDISTRIBUTIONCENTERANDDISTRIBUTIONOFTHEOBJECT,SUCHASGOODSSOURCEANDTHEFUTUREOFDISTRIBUTION,HISTORYANDCURRENTANDFUTUREFORECASTANDDEVELOPMENT,ETCDISTRIBUTIONCENTERSHOULDASFARASPOSSIBLEANDPRODUCERFORMINTHEAREAANDDISTRIBUTIONSHORTOPTIMIZATIONTHEQUANTITYOFGOODSISALONGWITHTHEGROWTHOFTHESIZEDISTRIBUTIONANDCONSTANTGROWTHGOODSHIGHERGROWTHRATE,THEMOREDEMANDDISTRIBUTIONCENTERLOCATIONISREASONABLEANDREDUCINGCONVEYINGPROCESSUNNECESSARYWASTE2TRANSPORTATIONCONDITIONSTHELOCATIONOFLOGISTICSDISTRIBUTIONCENTERSHOULDBECLOSETOTHETRANSPORTATIONHUB,ANDTOFORMTHELOGISTICSDISTRIBUTIONCENTERINTHEPROCESSOFAPROPERNODESINTHECONDITIONAL,DISTRIBUTIONCENTERSHOULDBEASCLOSETOTHERAILWAYSTATION,PORTANDHIGHWAY3LANDCONDITIONSLOGISTICSDISTRIBUTIONCENTERCOVERSANAREAOFLANDININCREASINGLYEXPENSIVEPROBLEMTODAYISMOREANDMOREIMPORTANTISTHEUSEOFTHEEXISTINGLANDORLANDAGAINLANDPRICEWHETHERTOCONFORMTOTHEREQUIREMENTSOFTHEPLANFORTHEGOVERNMENT,ANDSOON,INTHECONSTRUCTIONDISTRIBUTIONCENTERHAVECONSIDERED4COMMODITIESFLOWENTERPRISEPRODUCTIONOFCONSUMERGOODSASTHEPOPULATIONSHIFTANDCHANGE,SHOULDACCORDINGTOENTERPRISESBETTERDISTRIBUTIONSYSTEMPOSITIONINGMEANWHILE,INDUSTRIALPRODUCTSMARKETWILLTRANSFERCHANGE,INORDERTODETERMINETHERAWMATERIALSANDSEMIFINISHEDPRODUCTSOFCOMMODITIESSUCHASCHANGEOFFLOWINTHELOCATIONOFLOGISTICSDISTRIBUTIONCENTERSHOULDBECONSIDEREDWHENTHEFLOWOFTHESPECIFICCONDITIONSOFTHERELEVANTGOODS5OTHERFACTORSSUCHASLABOR,TRANSPORTATIONANDSERVICECONVENIENCEDEGREE,INVESTMENTRESTRICTIONS,ETC3OCCUPIESALARGEPROPORTIONOFTHECOSTOFTHEENTIRECIRCULATION．THECHAINSUPERMARKETCOMPANY’SLOGISTICSCOSTINDEVELOPEDCOUNTRIESSUCHASTHEUNITEDSTATES．JAPANANDEUROPEUSUALLYACCOUNTSFOR46％OFTHESALES．THELOGISTICSCOSTOFCOLDSTORAGEDISTRIBUTIONINCLUDINGFROZEN，CHILLEDIS2．5TIMESTHELOGISTICSCOSTOFNORMALTEMPERATUREDISTRIBUTION．IFTHESPECIALATTENTIONISNOTPAIDTOTHEACCOUNTINGOFLOGISTICSCOSTOFDISTRIBUTIONCENTER,ITWOULDLIKETOBRINGTHESERIOUSCONSEQUENCETOTHEENTERPRISE．THEBESTLOCATIONOFAGRICULTURALPRODUCTLOGISTICSDISTRIBUTIONCENTERSHOULDBELOCATEDNEARBY“RIVERGARDEN”THROUGHABOVECOMPUTERMODELINGANALYSISITISTHEMINIMUMTRANSPORTCOSTFROMEACHOF5POINTSTOTHELOCATIONTHEREAREMANYUNCERTAINFACTORSDIFFICULTTOBEMEASUREDINACTUALAPPLICATIONS,WHICHCANBESOLVEDBYADJUSTINGTRANSPORTRATRITHISLOCATIONCANBASICALLYMEETTHEDEMANDHEKEYOFTHEMODEL’SAPPLICATIONISTHEACCURATESUBSTITUTIONOFTHEMAPS,ANDITISNOTDIFFICULTTOFIGUREOUT．INACTUALLOGISTICSPRACTICE，POSSIBLYINVOLVINGTENSOREVENHUNDREDSOFDISTRIBUTIONPOINTS，THEUSEOFCOMPUTERMETHODSWILLBEVERYVALUABLE。THEORETICALLYSPEAKING，ALTHOUGHITSPRECISIONHASCERTAINERROR；COMPAREDTOTHETRADITIONALLOCATIONMETHODDEPENDINGONSUBJECTIVEIMAGINATION．ITISSCIENTIFICSOMEWHAT．ADDITIONALLY,THEABOVEMENTIONEDMETHODISCONCISE，ANDNOADVANCEDCOMPUTERPROGRAMMINGTECHNOLOGYISNEEDED，ASLONGASWITHCERTAINCOMPUTERKNOWLEDGEANDOPERATINGSKILLS，ANYONECANCOMPLETEIT，ANDEASILYAPPLYITTOLOGISTICSPRACTICE．EXPERIENCESFROMABROADSHOWSTHATTHECORRECTLOCATIONOFAGRICULTURALPRODUCTLOGISTICSDISTRIBUTIONCENTERWILLHELPTHEHEALTHYANDORDERLYDEVELOPMENTOFLOGISTICSINDUSTRY．THERAPIDINDUSTRIALIZATIONANDGROWTHOFMANYCOUNTRIESAROUNDTHEWORLDHASSPURREDTHEDEVELOPMENTOFSUPPLYCHAINSMANAGEMENTREACHAROUNDTHEWORLDSUPPLYCHAINMANAGEMENTISTHEMANAGEMENTWHICHINCREASESTHEVALUEOFSUPPLYCHAINITISTHEPROCESSOFPLAN,MODERATENESSANDCONTROLAMONGDEPARTMENTSANDORGANIZATIONSINTHEWHOLESUPPLYCHAINTOTHEFLOWOFGOODS,INFORMATIONANDCAPITALETCITSPURPOSEISTOMAXIMIZENETVALUEANDINCREASEOPERATIONALEFFICIENCYANDEFFECTIVENESSTOALLRELATEDPROCESSTHROUGHSYSTEMOPTIMIZATION

簡(jiǎn)介：中文1664字英文原文PREPARATIONANDOPTICALPROPERTIESOFTRANSPARENTCEYAGCERAMICSFORHIGHPOWERWHITELEDSNISHIURA1,STANABE1,KFUJIOKA2,YFUJIMOTO2ANDMNAKATSUKA21GRADUATESCHOOLOFHUMANANDENVIRONMENTALSTUDIES,KYOTOUNIVERSITY,YOSHIDANIHONMATSUCHO,SAKYOKU,KYOTO6068501,JAPAN2INSTITUTEOFLASERENGINEERING,OSAKAUNIVERSITY,26YAMADAOKA,SUITA,OSAKA5650871,JAPANEMAILSNISHIURANCTDDMBOXMEDIAKYOTOUACJPABSTRACTTRANSPARENTCEYAGCERAMICSWERESYNTHESIZEDFROMTHECEYAGPOWDERWHICHWASPRODUCEDBYCOPREPARATIONMETHODOFTHEHYDROXIDESTHECEYAGCERAMICSEXHIBITABROADEMISSIONBANDPEAKEDAT530NMDUETOTHE5D→4FTRANSITIONOFCE3THETRANSMITTANCESOFTHESAMPLESOBTAINEDWERE7087AT800NMTHEABSORPTIONCOEFFICIENTANDEMISSIONINTENSITYOFCE3WEREINCREASEDWITHTHEINCREASEOFTHETHICKNESSWITHINCREASINGTHICKNESSOFTHESAMPLE,THECOLORCOORDINATESOFTHECEYAGCERAMICSUNDER465NMLEDEXCITATIONSHIFTEDFROMTHEBLUEREGIONTOTHEYELLOWREGIONWITHPASSINGNEARBYTHETHEORETICALWHITEPOINTTHEHIGHESTVALUEOFLUMINOUSEFFICACYOFTHEWHITELEDWAS735LM/W1INTRODUCTIONWHITELEDSARENOWEXTENSIVELYSPOTLIGHTEDASGENERALILLUMINATIONASWELLASBACKLIGHTOFTHELIQUIDCRYSTALDISPLAYLCD,CARHEADLIGHTSANDINDICATORLIGHTTHEADVANTAGESOFTHELEDSARELOWELECTRICCONSUMPTION,HIGHBRIGHTNESSANDLONGLIFETIME1THEMOSTCOMMONMETHODTOMAKETHEWHITELEDSISCOMBININGOFABLUELEDANDCEY3AL5O12YTTRIUMALUMINUMGARNETCEYAGPHOSPHORPACKEDWITHORGANICRESINS2THEFUNCTIONOFTHECEYAGPHOSPHORISTOABSORBTHEBLUELIGHTEMITTEDFROMTHEBLUELEDANDCONVERTSITTOYELLOWLIGHTTHEPHOSPHORHASABROADBANDEMISSIONDUETOTHE5D→4FTRANSITIONOFCE3THECOMBINATIONOFTWOLIGHTSOFTHETRANSMITTEDBLUELIGHTANDTHEFLUORESCENTYELLOWLIGHTMAKESWHITELIGHTHOWEVER,THISWHITELEDHASADISADVANTAGEOFTHERMALDEGRADATIONOFORGANIC72HTHERESULTINGPRECIPITATEWASCENTRIFUGEDANDWASHEDSEVENTIMESWITHDISTILLEDWATERANDETHANOLTHENITWASOVENDRIEDAT80oCFOR12HANDAT200oCFOR72HTHEPRECURSORPOWDERSOBTAINEDWEREHEATEDAT800oCFOR100HINAIRTOREMOVETHEORGANICSUBSTANCESTHEPOWDERSWEREHEATEDAT1200oCFOR90MININAIRTOGETTHEYAGPOWDERTHEMILLINGPROCESSWASCARRIEDOUTTOGRINDAWIDEVARIETYOFTHEPOWDERSIZEINTO200300NMAVERAGESINTHISPROCESS,ETHANOL,ADISPERSANTKYOEISHACHEMICALCO,LTD,FLOWLENG700ANDSIO2WEREADDEDTOTHEPOWDERATTHEWEIGHTRATIOFORPOWDERETHANOLOF15,04WTOFTHEETHANOLAND02WTOFTHEPOWDER,RESPECTIVELYAFTERTHEMILLINGPROCESS,ABINDERSEKISUICHEMICALCO,LTD,SLECBL1WASADDEDINTHESLURRYAT05WTOFTHEPOWDERANDTHESLURRYWASMILLEDWITHNYLONBALLSFOR24HTHEN,THESLURRYWASPOUREDINTOAMOLDLOCATEDONAGYPSUMPLATEITWASDRIEDATROOMTEMPERATUREFOR72HTHECAKEDSLURRYWASHEATEDTOREMOVETHEORGANICSUBSTANCESAT800oCFOR00HUNDERO2ATMOSPHEREFINALLY,ITWASHEATEDAT1780oCFOR20HUNDERVACUUMTHEYAGCERAMICSOBTAINEDWERECUTANDPOLISHEDCAREFULLYTHETHICKNESSWASSETINTHERANGEOF0108MM22MEASUREMENTTHEMICROSTRUCTUREOFTHEYAGCERAMICSWASOBSERVEDBYACONFOCALSCANNINGLASERMICROSCOPYOLYMPUSCORP,OLS1200THEOPTICALTRANSMITTANCEOFTHEMIRRORPOLISHEDSAMPLESONBOTHSURFACESWASMEASUREDOVERTHEWAVELENGTHREGIONFROM200TO850NMUSINGASPECTROPHOTOMETERSHIMADZUCORP,UV3600THEPHOTOLUMINESCENCEPLOFTHECEYAGCERAMICSWASMEASUREDUNDER465NMLEDNICHIACORP,NFSB036BINTHEOPTICALMEASUREMENT,THECEYAGCERAMICSWEREMOUNTEDONTHELEDTHESPECTRALPOWERANDPHOTONDISTRIBUTIONOFTOTALRADIANTFLUXOFPLSPECTRAWEREMEASUREDBYUSINGANINTEGRATINGSPHERELABSPHERE,INC,LMS100WHICHWASCONNECTEDTOACCDDETECTOROCEANOPTICS,INC,USB2000WITHANOPTICALFIBERASTANDARDHALOGENLAMPLABSPHERE,INC,CLS600WASUSEDFORCALIBRATINGTHISMEASUREMENTSYSTEMTHELUMINOUSEFFICACYLM/WOFTHECEYAGCERAMICSWASCALCULATEDFROMTHESPECTRALPOWERDISTRIBUTIONANDTHEELECTRICPOWEROFTHELEDTHELUMINOUSINTENSITYANDCOLORCOORDINATESX,YOFTHECEYAGCERAMICSWEREMEASUREDFROMTHECALIBRATEDSPECTRA

簡(jiǎn)介：中文中文5660字本科畢業(yè)論文外文翻譯外文譯文題目對(duì)于E類型的簡(jiǎn)單生產(chǎn)線平衡問(wèn)題的解決過(guò)程出處出處COMPUTERSINDUSTRIALENGINEERING,2011,613824830學(xué)院機(jī)械自動(dòng)化專業(yè)工業(yè)工程學(xué)號(hào)學(xué)生姓名學(xué)生姓名指導(dǎo)教師指導(dǎo)教師日期二○一四年五月

簡(jiǎn)介：畢業(yè)論文外文資料翻譯畢業(yè)論文外文資料翻譯題目耕作方式與氮肥用量對(duì)土壤中有機(jī)物和氮的百分含量的影響學(xué)院資源與環(huán)境專業(yè)環(huán)境工程班級(jí)0701學(xué)生張學(xué)雷學(xué)號(hào)20070203070指導(dǎo)教師指導(dǎo)教師王惠二〇一一年三月二十日濟(jì)南大學(xué)畢業(yè)論文外文資料翻譯2ARRANGEDTOTHEMAINPLOTANDFOURNITROGENRATESTOTHESUBPLOTSTHREETILLAGEPRACTICES,FOURNITROGENLEVELSWEREUSEDINTHISSTUDYTABLE1THEUNITPLOTSIZEWAS40X25MTHEEXPERIMENTALAMANRICECVBINASHAILPLOTSWEREFERTILIZEDP2O540KGHA1K2O33KGHA1WITHTSPANDMPDURINGFINALLANDPREPARATIONUREAWASTOPDRESSEDINTHREEINSTALLMENTSAFTER10,25AND40DAYSAFTERTRANSPLANTINGTHESOILSAMPLESWERETAKENFROMTHREEDIFFERENTDEPTHANDSPOTSATTHEAREATOMAKEACOMPOSITSOILSAMPLEBEFORETRANSPLANTINGANDAFTERHARVESTTHESAMPLESWEREAIRDRIEDANDGROUNDTOPASSTHROUGHA2MM10MSEHSIEVETHEGROUNDSAMPLEWERESTOREDINCLEANPLASTICCONTAINERSFORCHEMICALANALYSISTHESOILSAMPLEWEREANALYSEDFORTHEDETERMINATIONOFNITROGENCONTENTINTHELABORATORYOFSOILSCIENCEDEPAARTMENT,BANGLADESHAGRICULTURALUNIVERSITY,MYMENSINGHNITROGENCONTENTSOFTHESOILWEREDETERMINEDBYMODIFIEDKJELDAHLMETHODAFTERDIGESTIONWITHCONEH2SO4,CATALYSTMIXTUREK2SO4CUSO4,5H2OSCPOWDER,100101ANDH2O2ANDTHENDISTILLATIONWITH10NNAOHSOLUTIONTHEAMMONIADISTILLEDOVERWASABSORVEDINH3BO3INDICATORSOLUTIONANDTITRATEDWITH001NH2SO4JACKSON,1973THERESULTSWEREEXPRESSEDINPERCENTAGEWETOXIDATIONMETHODWASFOLLOWEDTODETERMINEPERCENTAGEOFORGANICCARBONASDESCRIBEDBYBLACK1965ANDTHEORGANICMATTERCONTENTWASCALCULATEDBYMULTIPLYINGTHEORGANICCARBONWITHVANBEMMELENFACTOR173PIPER,1950RESULTSANDDISCUSSIONORGANICMATTERCONTENTORGANICMATTERCONTENTINSOILWASSTATISTICALLYSIGNIFICANTDUETODIFFERENTTILLAGEPRACTICESTABLE1TILLAGEOPERATIONSCHANGEDORGANICMATTERCONTENTINSOILATDIFFERENTDEPTHMAXIMUMORGANICMATTERCONTENT069WASMEASUREDUNDERNOTILLAGET0）AT010CMSOILDEPTHMINIMUMORGANICMATTERCONTENT024WASFOUNDBY20CMDEEPTILLAGET2TREATMENTAT2030CMDEPTHDEEPTILLAGEFAVOUREDFORRAPIDDECOMPOSITIONOFORGANICMATTERTHANNOTILLAGEDECOMPOSITIONRATEOFORGANICMATTERWASREDUCEDBYNOTILLAGEASARESULTORGANICMATTERCONTENTBECOMESHIGHUNDERNOTILLAGETHERESULTWASSUPPORTEDBYAGENBAGANDMAREE1989ANDBOYLEETAL1989ALSOREPORTEDTHATNOTILLAGEANDTOALESSEREXTENTSHALLOWTINETILLAGETENDEDTOINCREASEORGANICCARBONCONTENTSINTHE010CMSOILPROFILERAHMAN1997REPORTEDTHATTILLAGEOPERATIONSIGNIFICANTLYINFLUENCEDTHEORGANICMATTERCONTENTOFTHESOILUPTOADEPTHOF030CMANDHIGHESTORGANICMATTERCONTENTWASMEASUREDBYNOTILLAGEOPERATIONTHEINTERACTIONEFFECTOFTILLAGEANDNITROGENONORGANICMATTERCONTENTWASNOTSTATISTICALLYSIGNIFICANTTABLE2THEHIGHESTORGANICMATTERCONTENT071WASMEASUREDINNOTILLAGEWITHHIGHERRATESOFNITROGEN105KGNHA1ANDTHELOWEST022INDEEPTILLAGEWITHNONITROGENAPPLICATION

簡(jiǎn)介：外文資料原文1中文中文3825字ANEWLOWTEMPERATURESYNTHESISROUTEOFMETHANOLCATALYTICEFFECTOFTHEALCOHOLICSOLVENT1INTRODUCTIONGASPHASEMETHANOLISBEINGPRODUCEDINDUSTRIALLYBY3040MILLIONTONPERYEARAROUNDTHEWORLD,FROMCO/CO2/H2ATATEMPERATURERANGEOF523573KANDAPRESSURERANGEOF50100BAR,USINGCOPPERZINCBASEDOXIDECATALYSTUNDERTHESEEXTREMEREACTIONCONDITIONS,THEEFFICIENCYOFMETHANOLSYNTHESISISSEVERELYLIMITEDBYTHERMODYNAMICSASMETHANOLSYNTHESISISANEXTREMELYEXOTHERMICREACTION1,2FOREXAMPLE,AT573KAND50BAR,ITISCALCULATEDBYTHERMODYNAMICSTHATTHEORETICMAXIMUMONEPASSCOCONVERSIONISAROUND20FORFLOWTYPEREACTORWHENH2/CO2ALSOITISREPORTEDTHATTHEONEPASSCOCONVERSIONINTHEINDUSTRIALICIPROCESSISBETWEEN15AND25,EVENIFH2RICHGASISUSEDH2/CO5,523573K3THEREFORE,DEVELOPINGALOWTEMPERATUREPROCESSFORMETHANOLSYNTHESIS,WHICHWILLGREATLYREDUCETHEPRODUCTIONCOSTANDUTILIZETHETHERMODYNAMICADVANTAGEATLOWTEMPERATURE,ISCHALLENGINGANDIMPORTANT3IFCONVERSIONISHIGHENOUGHINMETHANOLSYNTHESIS,RECYCLINGOFTHEUNREACTEDSYNGASCANBEOMITTEDANDAIRCANBEUSEDDIRECTLYINTHEREFORMER,INSTEADOFPUREOXYGENGENERALLY,LOWTEMPERATUREMETHANOLSYNTHESISISCONDUCTEDINTHELIQUIDPHASETHEBNLMETHODFIRSTREPORTEDBYBROOKHAVENNATIONALLABORATORYBNL,USINGAVERYSTRONGBASECATALYSTMIXTUREOFNAH,ACETATE,REALIZEDTHISCONTINUOUSLIQUIDPHASESYNTHESISINASEMIBATCHREACTORAT373403KAND1050BARHOWEVER,AREMARKABLEDRAWBACKOFTHISPROCESSISTHATEVENATRACEAMOUNTOFCARBONDIOXIDEANDWATERINTHEFEEDGASORREACTIONSYSTEMWILLDEACTIVATETHESTRONGLYBASICCATALYSTSOON,4,5RESULTINGINHIGHCOSTCOMINGFROMTHECOMPLETEPURIFICATIONOFTHESYNGASFROMREFORMER,ANDREACTIVATIONOFTHEDEACTIVATEDCATALYSTTHISISTHEMAIN外文資料原文3SELECTIVITYFORMETHANOLFORMATIONATTEMPERATUREASLOWAS423443K26INTHISCOMMUNICATION,THECATALYTICPROMOTINGEFFECTSOFDIFFERENTALCOHOLSONTHESYNTHESISOFMETHANOLFROMCO/CO2/H2ONCU/ZNOCATALYSTWEREINVESTIGATEDHIGHYIELDSOFMETHANOLWEREREALIZEDWHILESOMEALCOHOLSWEREUTILIZED2EXPERIMENTALSECTIONTHECATALYSTWASPREPAREDBYTHECONVENTIONALCOPRECIPITATIONMETHODANAQUEOUSSOLUTIONCONTAININGCOPPER,ZINCNITRATESCU/ZNINMOLARRATIO1,ANDANAQUEOUSSOLUTIONOFSODIUMCARBONATEWEREADDEDSIMULTANEOUSLYWITHCONSTANTSTIRRINGTO300MLOFWATERTHEPRECIPITATIONTEMPERATUREANDPHVALUEWEREMAINTAINEDAT338KAND8385,RESPECTIVELYTHERESULTINGPRECIPITATEWASFILTRATEDANDWASHEDWITHDISTILLEDWATER,FOLLOWEDBYDRYINGAT383KFOR24HANDCALCINATIONAT623KFOR1HTHISPRECURSORWASTHENREDUCEDBYAFLOWOF5HYDROGENINNITROGENAT473KFOR13HANDSUCCESSIVELYPASSIVATEDBY2OXYGENDILUTEDBYARGONTHEBETSURFACEAREAFORTHECATALYSTWAS594M2/GTHECATALYSTHEREISDENOTEDASCU/ZNOAINTHEEXPERIMENTSUSINGREACTANTGASOFDIFFERENTCOMPOSITION,ACOMMERCIALLYAVAILABLEICICATALYSTICI512WASALSOUSEDTHROUGHTHESAMEREDUCTIONPRETREATMENT,DENOTEDHEREASCU/ZNOBTHEBETSURFACEAREAFORCU/ZNOBWAS201M2/GTOCONFIRMTHEINFLUENCEOFTHECATALYSTPASSIVATION,ATAILORMADEREACTORWHEREINSITUREDUCTIONOFTHECATALYSTBEFOREETHANOLINTRODUCTIONWASAVAILABLE,WASUSEDTOPERFORMTHECATALYSTREDUCTIONANDREACTIONBUTNODIFFERENCEINREACTIONBEHAVIORWASOBSERVEDSOUSINGPASSIVATEDCATALYSTREDUCEDSEPARATELYHADNOINFLUENCEINTHEREACTION,ACLOSEDTYPICALBATCHREACTORWITHINNERVOLUMEOF80MLANDASTIRRERWASUSEDTHESTIRRINGSPEEDOFTHEPROPELLERTYPESTIRRERWASCAREFULLYCHECKEDTOELIMINATETHEDIFFUSIONRESISTANCEBETWEENGAS,LIQUID,ANDSOLIDPHASESADESIREDAMOUNTOFSOLVENTANDCATALYSTWASADDEDINTOTHEREACTORTHENTHEREACTORWAS

簡(jiǎn)介：中文中文37683768字畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文）外文文獻(xiàn)譯文及原文學(xué)生生學(xué)號(hào)號(hào)院（系）（系）電氣與信息工程學(xué)院專業(yè)業(yè)電氣工程及其自動(dòng)化指導(dǎo)教師指導(dǎo)教師2009年6月20日2圖1AMR系統(tǒng)架構(gòu)如圖1所示，在住宅區(qū)有兩個(gè)現(xiàn)有的通訊線路，包括無(wú)線局域網(wǎng)和雙絞線線。雙絞線電纜線當(dāng)前執(zhí)行區(qū)熱控制和自動(dòng)報(bào)警的任務(wù)。所有的消費(fèi)機(jī)位于公寓內(nèi)，集中器位于公寓大樓的電力控制室。無(wú)線局域網(wǎng)將兩個(gè)供熱廠和建設(shè)的基站（基站）設(shè)備聯(lián)系在一起。AMR系統(tǒng)今后的目標(biāo)是確定網(wǎng)絡(luò)架構(gòu)，它可以實(shí)施每一個(gè)公司的網(wǎng)絡(luò)基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施且符合公司和其它客戶的要求?；镜腁MR系統(tǒng)自動(dòng)抄表系統(tǒng)執(zhí)行任務(wù)的數(shù)據(jù)都保存在各種數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)，通常在客戶信息系統(tǒng)（CIS）數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)（見(jiàn)圖1的設(shè)計(jì)模型，通信步驟1）。通常過(guò)去24小時(shí)抄表數(shù)據(jù)均儲(chǔ)存在集中器中?？筛鶕?jù)需要每天一次或每月一次閱讀數(shù)據(jù)。本研究共分四節(jié)首先，我們提出一個(gè)AMR系統(tǒng)試點(diǎn)項(xiàng)目，計(jì)劃及其執(zhí)行情況，因?yàn)樗ǔＳ脽o(wú)線技術(shù)，這項(xiàng)研究的重點(diǎn)是AMR系統(tǒng)的WLAN（無(wú)線局域網(wǎng)絡(luò)）的溝通。其余本文安排如下。第2節(jié)中說(shuō)明所采取的測(cè)量設(shè)置。測(cè)量結(jié)果和它們的討論在后續(xù)第3節(jié)中。最后，在第4節(jié)給出了有關(guān)結(jié)論。2測(cè)量設(shè)置測(cè)量方面的連接量實(shí)現(xiàn)了測(cè)量量的文件傳輸?shù)腇TP連接。在本研究中的參數(shù)為傳輸速度，平均延遲，抖動(dòng)和轉(zhuǎn)播。轉(zhuǎn)播百分比需要額外的軟件計(jì)算。首先，我們必須找到使用以太網(wǎng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)分析儀的傳播軟件包的序列號(hào)。在此之后，該序列號(hào)被移交給轉(zhuǎn)播的電子表格程序和計(jì)算的數(shù)額比較發(fā)送和接收的數(shù)據(jù)包。轉(zhuǎn)播百分比描述了在這些測(cè)量數(shù)據(jù)通信的可靠性。延遲和抖動(dòng)的計(jì)算方法是使用PING程序和傳輸速度的使用電子表格程序。這些參數(shù)確定的主要方面的數(shù)據(jù)通信的可用性和QOS的要求。所有數(shù)據(jù)均采取了試點(diǎn)項(xiàng)目建設(shè)的環(huán)境包括四個(gè)測(cè)量情況如下情景1無(wú)線通信無(wú)基站設(shè)備情景2無(wú)線通信，包括PLC的以太網(wǎng)橋，基站設(shè)備，以及客戶天線情景3測(cè)量程序與WLAN的溝通，從濃縮的能源公司房地

簡(jiǎn)介：中文中文4110字出處出處JNATMED201064182–186用HPLC–DAD–ESI–MS/MS方法對(duì)黃芪抗病毒活方法對(duì)黃芪抗病毒活性部位進(jìn)行植物化學(xué)研究性部位進(jìn)行植物化學(xué)研究LITANGYINGLIUYEINGWANGCHUNLINLON摘要黃芪在中國(guó)是一種用來(lái)治療疾病的常用中草藥。為了弄清黃芪的抗病毒成分，我們用HPLC–DAD–ESI–MS/MS分離和鑒定了黃芪提取物的幾種抗病毒的活性成分。通過(guò)比較已發(fā)表文獻(xiàn)的保留時(shí)間和MS數(shù)據(jù)，共鑒定出18個(gè)化合物，包括11個(gè)黃酮和7個(gè)皂苷類化合物。這個(gè)研究為快速鑒別傳統(tǒng)中藥的生物活性成分提供了一種途徑。關(guān)鍵詞黃芪抗病毒的活性黃酮皂苷前言中藥廣泛用于疾病的治療，為中華民族的繁榮和發(fā)展做出了重要貢獻(xiàn)。然而，它的治療機(jī)制卻沒(méi)有弄清?，F(xiàn)在中藥的復(fù)雜成分和它的有效性相關(guān)的提法被廣泛接受。因此，為了保證中藥在臨床上的可靠性，更好的弄清藥物活性的基礎(chǔ)并且提高產(chǎn)品的質(zhì)量，闡明和分析中藥的活性成分是很有必要的。由于中藥成分的復(fù)雜性使這一領(lǐng)域的研究有很大挑戰(zhàn)性。因此，鑒別有效成分是很重要的。現(xiàn)在，HPLC–MSN已經(jīng)被證明是中藥提取鑒定的一個(gè)有力工具。這個(gè)方法在靈敏度和特異性方面有優(yōu)勢(shì)。黃芪，是莢膜黃芪的干燥根，在中國(guó)叫做黃芪，是廣為人知的一種補(bǔ)氣藥。黃芪擁有許多生物學(xué)功能，包括保肝，抗氧化，抗病毒，抗高血壓和刺激免疫應(yīng)答等。根據(jù)報(bào)道黃芪含有三萜皂苷，異黃酮類和多糖等類成分。在這個(gè)研究研究中，我們對(duì)黃芪的有抗炎活性的部分進(jìn)行了植物化學(xué)成分的研究。采用HPLC–DAD–ESI–MS/MS技術(shù)，比對(duì)已有化合物的UV光譜和MS數(shù)據(jù)共鑒別出18個(gè)化合物，包括11個(gè)黃酮類化合物和7個(gè)皂苷類化合物。這個(gè)結(jié)果有助于人們對(duì)黃芪的臨床用藥有更好的理解，并且有利于為這個(gè)傳統(tǒng)中草藥提供更好的質(zhì)量控制方法。材料和方法材料和方法化學(xué)制品和試劑司。培養(yǎng)基放在37°C，5CO2條件的培養(yǎng)箱中。副流感病毒，呼吸道合胞體病毒，單純皰疹病毒1，單純皰疹病毒2，腺病毒3和腺病毒7由中國(guó)中藥研究所，中藥研究會(huì)提供。病毒在單層HEP2細(xì)胞中繁殖并儲(chǔ)存在70°C的冰箱中。體外測(cè)定抗病毒活性體外測(cè)定抗病毒活性被測(cè)成分用DMSO溶解并濃縮到10MG/ML。工作溶液通過(guò)用MEM雙重連續(xù)稀釋的方法準(zhǔn)備好并加入到四個(gè)孔中，200ΜL/WELL。正常細(xì)胞做對(duì)照。四天的培養(yǎng)過(guò)程中，通過(guò)光學(xué)顯微鏡觀察致細(xì)胞病變效應(yīng)。通過(guò)REED–MUENCH方法，黃芪的濃縮物的CC50被測(cè)定出來(lái)。HEP2細(xì)胞生長(zhǎng)至匯合，在滴度100CCID50下被病毒感染。在15小時(shí)長(zhǎng)的病毒吸收期后，含病毒的介質(zhì)換成新鮮介質(zhì)，被測(cè)部位經(jīng)過(guò)一系列的稀釋同時(shí)加入到培養(yǎng)基中。感染細(xì)胞不接受控制病毒的藥物治療。當(dāng)傳染病后4896小時(shí)百分百的細(xì)胞病變效應(yīng)被檢測(cè)到后，能獲得百分之五十的抑制CPE的藥物濃度稱為半抑制濃度，通過(guò)三次獨(dú)立測(cè)定得到。選擇性指數(shù)，或者CC50和IC50的比也能計(jì)算被測(cè)部分的抗病毒活性。利巴韋林用做陽(yáng)性對(duì)照。抗病毒活性的生物測(cè)定方法抗病毒活性的生物測(cè)定方法抗副流感病毒活性測(cè)試用黃芪乙醇提取物和過(guò)大孔樹(shù)脂后的水，30乙醇和70乙醇的洗脫部分。四部分的半抑制濃度分別為207±52,1352±46,484±39,和158±12ΜG/ML。相應(yīng)的四部分的選擇性指數(shù)分別為58±06,15±04,31±03和85±06。這表明70乙醇從D101上的洗脫的部位是黃芪最有抗病毒活性的部分。百分之七十部分的一系列的抗病毒活性列在表一中。結(jié)果表明百分之七十的部位對(duì)呼吸道病毒，單純皰疹病毒1，單純皰疹病毒2有適度的活性。對(duì)腺病毒3，腺病毒7和副流感病毒有重要的抑制活性。結(jié)果表明百分之七十的部分是黃芪的抗病毒活性的基礎(chǔ)。表1百分之七十部位在HEP2細(xì)胞中的抗病毒活性。70FRIBAVIRINVIRUSIC50TG/MLSIIC50TG/MLSIPARAINFLUENZAVIRUS141±1185±06773±5894±07RESPIRATORYSYNCYTIALVIRUS571±5621±021137±8564±04HERPESSIMPLEXVIRUS1414±4729±031433±5851±02HERPESSIMPLEXVIRUS2428±4128±031283±4557±02ADENOVIRUS3226±0853±02953±10577±07

簡(jiǎn)介：中文中文3300字出處出處THEINTERNATIONALJOURNALOFADVANCEDMANUFACTURINGTECHNOLOGY,2006,2756543546SEQUENTIALMONITORINGOFMANUFACTURINGPROCESSESANAPPLICATIONOFGREYFORECASTINGMODELSLILINKUTUNGCHENHUANGABSTRACTTHISSTUDYUSEDSTATISTICALCONTROLCHARTSASANEFFICIENTTOOLFORIMPROVINGANDMONITORINGTHEQUALITYOFMANUFACTURINGPROCESSESUNDERTHENORMALITYASSUMPTION,WHENAPROCESSVARIABLEISWITHINCONTROLLIMITS,THEPROCESSISTREATEDASBEINGINCONTROLSOMETIMES,THEPROCESSACTSASANINCONTROLPROCESSFORSHORTPERIODSHOWEVER,ONCETHEDATASHOWTHATTHEPRODUCTIONPROCESSISOUTOFCONTROL,ALOTOFDEFECTIVEPRODUCTSWILLHAVEALREADYBEENPRODUCED,ESPECIALLYWHENTHEPROCESSEXHIBITSANAPPARENTNORMALTRENDBEHAVIORORIFTHECHANGEISONLYSLIGHTINTHISPAPER,WEEXPLORETHEAPPLICATIONOFGREYFORECASTINGMODELSFORPREDICTINGANDMONITORINGPRODUCTIONPROCESSESTHEPERFORMANCEOFCONTROLCHARTSBASEDONGREYPREDICTORSFORDETECTINGPROCESSCHANGESISINVESTIGATEDTHEAVERAGERUNLENGTHARLISUSEDTOMEASURETHEEFFECTIVENESSWHENAMEANSHIFTEXISTSWHENAMEANSHIFTOCCURS,THEGREYPREDICTORSAREFOUNDTOBESUPERIORTOTHESAMPLEMEAN,ESPECIALLYIFTHENUMBEROFSUBGROUPSUSEDTOCOMPUTETHEGREYPREDICTORSISSMALLTHEGREYPREDICTORISALSOFOUNDTOBEVERYSENSITIVETOTHENUMBEROFSUBGROUPSKEYWORDSAVERAGERUNLENGTHCONTROLCHARTCONTROLLIMITGREYPREDICTOR1INTRODUCTIONSTATISTICALCONTROLCHARTSHAVELONGBEENUSEDASANEFFICIENTTOOLFORIMPROVINGANDMONITORINGTHEQUALITYOFMANUFACTURINGPROCESSESTRADITIONALSTATISTICALPROCESSCONTROLSPCMETHODSASSUMETHATTHEPROCESSVARIABLEISDISTRIBUTEDNORMALLY,ANDTHATTHEOBSERVEDDATAAREINDEPENDENTUNDERTHENORMALITYASSUMPTION,WHENTHEPROCESSVARIABLEISWITHINTHECONTROLLIMITS,THEPROCESSISTREATEDASBEINGINCONTROLOTHERWISE,THEPROCESSASSUMESTHATSOMECHANGESHAVEOCCURRED,IE,THEPROCESSMAYBEOUTOFCONTROLISCALLEDAWHITESYSTEMWHENITSINFORMATIONISTOTALLYCLEARWHENASYSTEM’SINFORMATIONISTOTALLYUNKNOWN,ITISCALLEDABLACKSYSTEMIFASYSTEM’SINFORMATIONISPARTIALLYKNOWN,THENITISCALLEDAGREYSYSTEMINMANUFACTURINGPROCESSES,THEOPERATIONALCONDITIONS,FACILITYRELIABILITYANDEMPLOYEEBEHAVIORSAREALLFACTORSTHATAREIMPOSSIBLETOBETOTALLYKNOWNORBEFULLYUNDERCONTROLINORDERTOCONTROLTHESYSTEMBEHAVIOR,AGREYMODELISUSEDTOCONSTRUCTANORDINARYDIFFERENTIALEQUATION,ANDTHENTHEDIFFERENTIALEQUATIONOFTHEGREYMODELISSOLVEDBYUSINGSCARCEPASTDATA,THEGREYMODELCANACCURATELYPREDICTTHEOUTPUTAFTERTHEOUTPUTISPREDICTED,ITCANBECHECKEDIFTHEPROCESSISUNDERCONTROLORNOTINTHISPAPER,WEMONITORANDPREDICTTHEPROCESSOUTPUTBYMEANSOFTHEGM1,1MODEL7SEQUENTIALMONITORINGISAPROCEDUREINWHICHANEWOUTPUTPOINTISCHOSENUSUALLYITISASAMPLEMEANANDTHECUMULATIVERESULTSOFTHEGREYFORECASTSAREANALYZEDBEFOREPROCEEDINGTOTHENEXTNEWPOINTTHEPROCEDURECANBESEPARATEDINTOFIVESTEPSSTEP1COLLECTORIGINALDATAANDBUILDADATASEQUENCETHEOBSERVEDORIGINALDATAAREDEFINEDAS,WHEREISTHSAMPLEMEANTHERAWSEQUENCEOFSAMPLESIS0IXIIKDEFINEDAS1??00302010,,,KXXXXX??STEP2TRANSFORMTHEORIGINALDATASEQUENCEINTOANEWSEQUENCEANEWSEQUENCEISGENERATEDBYTHEACCUMULATEDGENERATINGOPERATIONAGO,WHERE1X2??11312111,,,KXXXXX??THEISDERIVEDASFOLLOWS1IX3,,2,1,101????INNIKIXX?STEP3BUILDAFIRSTORDERDIFFERENTIALEQUATIONOFTHEGM1,1MODELBYTRANSFORMINGTHEORIGINALDATASEQUENCEINTOAFIRSTORDERDIFFERENTIALEQUATION,THETIMESERIESCANBEAPPROXIMATEDBYANEXPONENTIALFUNCTIONTHEGREYDIFFERENTIALMODELISOBTAINEDAS4BXADTXD??11

簡(jiǎn)介：本科畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)外文文獻(xiàn)及譯文文獻(xiàn)、資料題目FRUITANDVEGETABLESINTHEAMERICANDIETDATAFROMTHENHANES11SURVEY文獻(xiàn)、資料來(lái)源AMERICANJOURNALOFPUBLICHEALTH文獻(xiàn)、資料發(fā)表（出版）日期1990院（部）市政與環(huán)境工程學(xué)院專業(yè)生物工程班級(jí)生物092姓名吳世英學(xué)號(hào)2009041150指導(dǎo)教師張超翻譯日期201366山東建筑大學(xué)畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)外文文獻(xiàn)及譯文1HUMANSERVICESDHHSRECOMMENDASPARTOFTHEIRFOODGUIDANCESYSTEMTHATTHEDAILYDIETINCLUDETWOTOTHREESERVINGSOFFRUITANDTHREETOFIVESERVINGSOFVEGETABLES45THESESPECIFICRECOMMENDATIONSAREINTHECONTEXTOFGENERALRECOMMENDATIONSFORADIETTHATMEETSNUTRIENTREQUIREMENTS,DOESNOTINCLUDEEXCESSIVEAMOUNTSOFFATINPARTICULARSATURATEDFATS,ANDISCONSISTENTWITHMAINTAININGDESIRABLEWEIGHTITISIMPORTANTTHEREFORETODETERMINEWHATRELATIONINCREASEDFRUITANDVEGETABLECONSUMPTIONMIGHTHAVE,NOTONLYTOINTAKEOFOBVIOUSLYRELATEDNUTRIENTSSUCHASVITAMINSAANDCBUTALSOTOFATINTAKEANDMAINTENANCEOFAPPROPRIATEBODYWEIGHTINTHENHANESIIDATA,COLLECTEDBETWEEN1976AND1980,ITISPOSSIBLETOEXAMINETHESERELATIONSHIPSINSELFSELECTEDDIETSTHATWEREACTUALLYCONSUMEDDURINGA24HOURPERIODBYAREPRESENTATIVESAMPLEOFUSADULTSTHEARTICLEMENTIONEDABOVEDESCRIBEDTHEPROPORTIONSOFTHEUSPOPULATIONTHATCONSUMEDANYAMOUNTOFAGIVENFOOD,HOWEVERLARGEORSMALLNOATTEMPTWASMADETODETERMINETHENUMBEROFSERVINGSCONSUMEDINTHEPRESENTINQUIRYWEESTIMATETHENUMBEROFSERVINGSCONSUMED,TAKINGPORTIONSIZEINTOACCOUNTWEALSOEXAMINETHEINTAKEOFCALORIES,FAT,FIBER,ANDVITAMINSAANDCINTHEDIETSOFPERSONSCONSUMINGVARIOUSNUMBERSOFSERVINGSOFFRUITANDVEGETABLESWHILEITISOBVIOUSTHATINTAKEOFVITAMINSAANDCWOULDINCREASEWITHINCREASINGNUMBERSOFSERVINGS,THERELATIVECONTRIBUTIONOFFRUITVERSUSVEGETABLESISNOTWELLKNOWN,NORISTHENUTRIENTINTAKEACTUALLYACHIEVEDINSELFSELECTEDDIETSSIMILARLY,THEDIETARYFIBERINTAKECONTAINEDINDIETSINCLUDINGMULTIPLESERVINGSOFFRUITANDVEGETABLESMAYBEINADEQUATELYAPPRECIATEDBYTHEGENERALPUBLICMETHODSTHENHANESIISURVEYWASCONDUCTEDBYTHENATIONALCENTERFORHEALTHSTATISTICSBETWEEN1976AND19806AHIGHLYSTRATIFIEDMULTISTAGEPROBABILITYDESIGNWASUSEDTOOBTAINAREPRESENTATIVESAMPLEOFTHECIVILIANNOINSTITUTIONALIZEDPOPULATION,AGESSIXMONTHSTO74YEARSWEREPORTON10,313WHITEAND1,335BLACKADULTSAGES19TO74WEEXCLUDEDOTHERRACESBECAUSEOFSMALLNUMBERS,ASWELLASIMPUTED,UNRELIABLE,ORSURROGATEDATARESULTSAREBASEDONWEIGHTEDDATA,PERMITTINGINFERENCEABOUTTHETOTALBLACKANDWHITENONINSTITUTIONALIZEDUSPOPULATION7GROUPMEANSANDSTANDARDERRORSWERECALCULATEDUSINGSOFTWAREAPPROPRIATEFORCOMPLEXSAMPLESURVEYDATA8STANDARDERRORSAREFREQUENTLYLARGEFORBLACKS,DUETOTHEIRSMALLNUMBERINTHESURVEYTHEREFORE,RESULTSFORBLACKSSHOULDBEVIEWEDWITHCAUTIONCONVERSELY,

簡(jiǎn)介：中文中文3300字出處出處THEINTERNATIONALJOURNALOFADVANCEDMANUFACTURINGTECHNOLOGY,2006,2756543546SEQUENTIALMONITORINGOFMANUFACTURINGPROCESSESANAPPLICATIONOFGREYFORECASTINGMODELSLILINKUTUNGCHENHUANGABSTRACTTHISSTUDYUSEDSTATISTICALCONTROLCHARTSASANEFFICIENTTOOLFORIMPROVINGANDMONITORINGTHEQUALITYOFMANUFACTURINGPROCESSESUNDERTHENORMALITYASSUMPTION,WHENAPROCESSVARIABLEISWITHINCONTROLLIMITS,THEPROCESSISTREATEDASBEINGINCONTROLSOMETIMES,THEPROCESSACTSASANINCONTROLPROCESSFORSHORTPERIODSHOWEVER,ONCETHEDATASHOWTHATTHEPRODUCTIONPROCESSISOUTOFCONTROL,ALOTOFDEFECTIVEPRODUCTSWILLHAVEALREADYBEENPRODUCED,ESPECIALLYWHENTHEPROCESSEXHIBITSANAPPARENTNORMALTRENDBEHAVIORORIFTHECHANGEISONLYSLIGHTINTHISPAPER,WEEXPLORETHEAPPLICATIONOFGREYFORECASTINGMODELSFORPREDICTINGANDMONITORINGPRODUCTIONPROCESSESTHEPERFORMANCEOFCONTROLCHARTSBASEDONGREYPREDICTORSFORDETECTINGPROCESSCHANGESISINVESTIGATEDTHEAVERAGERUNLENGTHARLISUSEDTOMEASURETHEEFFECTIVENESSWHENAMEANSHIFTEXISTSWHENAMEANSHIFTOCCURS,THEGREYPREDICTORSAREFOUNDTOBESUPERIORTOTHESAMPLEMEAN,ESPECIALLYIFTHENUMBEROFSUBGROUPSUSEDTOCOMPUTETHEGREYPREDICTORSISSMALLTHEGREYPREDICTORISALSOFOUNDTOBEVERYSENSITIVETOTHENUMBEROFSUBGROUPSKEYWORDSAVERAGERUNLENGTHCONTROLCHARTCONTROLLIMITGREYPREDICTOR1INTRODUCTIONSTATISTICALCONTROLCHARTSHAVELONGBEENUSEDASANEFFICIENTTOOLFORIMPROVINGANDMONITORINGTHEQUALITYOFMANUFACTURINGPROCESSESTRADITIONALSTATISTICALPROCESSCONTROLSPCMETHODSASSUMETHATTHEPROCESSVARIABLEISDISTRIBUTEDNORMALLY,ANDTHATTHEOBSERVEDDATAAREINDEPENDENTUNDERTHENORMALITYASSUMPTION,WHENTHEPROCESSVARIABLEISWITHINTHECONTROLLIMITS,THEPROCESSISTREATEDASBEINGINCONTROLOTHERWISE,THEPROCESSASSUMESTHATSOMECHANGESHAVEOCCURRED,IE,THEPROCESSMAYBEOUTOFCONTROLISCALLEDAWHITESYSTEMWHENITSINFORMATIONISTOTALLYCLEARWHENASYSTEM’SINFORMATIONISTOTALLYUNKNOWN,ITISCALLEDABLACKSYSTEMIFASYSTEM’SINFORMATIONISPARTIALLYKNOWN,THENITISCALLEDAGREYSYSTEMINMANUFACTURINGPROCESSES,THEOPERATIONALCONDITIONS,FACILITYRELIABILITYANDEMPLOYEEBEHAVIORSAREALLFACTORSTHATAREIMPOSSIBLETOBETOTALLYKNOWNORBEFULLYUNDERCONTROLINORDERTOCONTROLTHESYSTEMBEHAVIOR,AGREYMODELISUSEDTOCONSTRUCTANORDINARYDIFFERENTIALEQUATION,ANDTHENTHEDIFFERENTIALEQUATIONOFTHEGREYMODELISSOLVEDBYUSINGSCARCEPASTDATA,THEGREYMODELCANACCURATELYPREDICTTHEOUTPUTAFTERTHEOUTPUTISPREDICTED,ITCANBECHECKEDIFTHEPROCESSISUNDERCONTROLORNOTINTHISPAPER,WEMONITORANDPREDICTTHEPROCESSOUTPUTBYMEANSOFTHEGM1,1MODEL7SEQUENTIALMONITORINGISAPROCEDUREINWHICHANEWOUTPUTPOINTISCHOSENUSUALLYITISASAMPLEMEANANDTHECUMULATIVERESULTSOFTHEGREYFORECASTSAREANALYZEDBEFOREPROCEEDINGTOTHENEXTNEWPOINTTHEPROCEDURECANBESEPARATEDINTOFIVESTEPSSTEP1COLLECTORIGINALDATAANDBUILDADATASEQUENCETHEOBSERVEDORIGINALDATAAREDEFINEDAS,WHEREISTHSAMPLEMEANTHERAWSEQUENCEOFSAMPLESIS0IXIIKDEFINEDAS1??00302010,,,KXXXXX??STEP2TRANSFORMTHEORIGINALDATASEQUENCEINTOANEWSEQUENCEANEWSEQUENCEISGENERATEDBYTHEACCUMULATEDGENERATINGOPERATIONAGO,WHERE1X2??11312111,,,KXXXXX??THEISDERIVEDASFOLLOWS1IX3,,2,1,101????INNIKIXX?STEP3BUILDAFIRSTORDERDIFFERENTIALEQUATIONOFTHEGM1,1MODELBYTRANSFORMINGTHEORIGINALDATASEQUENCEINTOAFIRSTORDERDIFFERENTIALEQUATION,THETIMESERIESCANBEAPPROXIMATEDBYANEXPONENTIALFUNCTIONTHEGREYDIFFERENTIALMODELISOBTAINEDAS4BXADTXD??11

簡(jiǎn)介：中文中文30603060字附錄A外文翻譯A1外文原文MEASUREMENTSOFTHEDISTORTEDNOLOADCURRENTOFA20/60KV6MVAYY0POWERTRANSFORMERKIMS?GAARDWOJCIECHTCLAUSLETHBAKAALBORGUNIVERSITYWIECHOWSKIAALBORGUNIVERSITYAALBORG,DENMARKAALBORGUNIVERSITYAALBORG,DENMARKSOEGAARDIEEEORGAALBORG,DENMARKCLBIETAUCDKWTWIETAUCDKABSTRACTTHISPAPERPRESENTSTHERESULTSFROMMEASUREMENTSOFTHEDISTORTEDNOLOADCURRENTOFA6MVA20/60KVTRANSFORMERINTHEEXECUTIONOFTHEMEASUREMENT,THESUPPLYSETUPDURINGTHEMEASUREMENTSHASBEENCHANGEDTHECHANGESIMPLYDIFFERENTCONNECTIONSOFTHE04/20KVSUPPLYINGTRANSFORMERTHESECONDARYWINDINGOFTHESUPPLYINGTRANSFORMERARECONNECTEDIND,WYEANDYN,ANDFOREACHCONNECTION,THEMEASUREMENTSAREREPEATEDTHEMEASUREMENTISPERFORMEDWITHCONSTRUCTEDCURRENTANDVOLTAGETRANSDUCERSWITHANAMPLITUDEACCURACYBETTERTHAN±1ITHASBEENSHOWNTHATTHEHARMONICCONTENTSINTHENOLOADCURRENTTHE6MVA20/60KVTRANSFORMERTHRIGEISASPREDICTEDBY61INTRODUCTIONDUETOTHELACKOFMEASUREMENTSOFTHEDISTORTEDNOLOADCURRENTOFLARGEPOWERFIGURE1SCHEMATICDIAGRAMOFTHESUPPLYSETUPFOR20/60KVTRANSFORMERTHRIGEINAGGERSUND2MEASUREMENTSETUP21CURRENTTRANSDUCERTHECURRENTTRANSDUCERISALEMPR30CURRENTPROBETHECURRENTTRANSDUCERTRANSFORMSTHEMEASUREDCURRENTTOAVOLTAGEWITHAPRECISIONTHATISPRESENTINTABLE1NEXTTOTHEDEMANDSFROMIEC61000475TABLE1PRECISIONFORTHECURRENTTRANSDUCERSANDDEMANDSFROMIEC6100047ACCURACYCURRENTIEC6100047TRANSDUCERAMPLITUDE±1±5PHASE2oFREQUENCYRANGEDCTO100KHZDCTO25KHZTHEPRECISIONFORTHECURRENTTRANSDUCERISOBTAINEDFROMTHERELEVANTDATASHEET4THELEMCURRENTTRANSDUCERISPLACEDONADAPTEDCARDBOARDTHATGUARANTEECENTREPOSITIONAROUNDTHECONDUCTOR22VOLTAGETRANSDUCERTHEVOLTAGETRANSDUCERISCONSTRUCTEDOFTWOCAPACITORSCONNECTEDINSERIES,ASILLUSTRATEDONFIGURE2

簡(jiǎn)介：中文中文4940字出處出處ACOSTAJ,CARPIOY,BORROTOI,ETALMYOSTATINGENESILENCEDBYRNAISHOWAZEBRAFISHGIANTPHENOTYPEJJOURNALOFBIOTECHNOLOGY,2005,1194324331外文翻譯外文翻譯RNAI沉默肌肉生長(zhǎng)抑制素基因致斑馬魚(yú)表型巨大化沉默肌肉生長(zhǎng)抑制素基因致斑馬魚(yú)表型巨大化JANNELACOSTA1，YAMILACARPIO1，INGRIDBORROTO，OSMANYGONZ′ALEZ，MARIOPABLOESTRADA水產(chǎn)養(yǎng)殖生物技術(shù)項(xiàng)目，動(dòng)物生物技術(shù)部門(mén)，遺傳工程和生物技術(shù)中心，郵政信箱6162，哈瓦那10600，古巴2004年12月23日收到；修訂后的形式2005年4月15日在收到摘要摘要肌肉生長(zhǎng)抑制素是轉(zhuǎn)化生長(zhǎng)因子Β（TGFΒ）家族的成員之一，是骨骼肌生長(zhǎng)和發(fā)育的一個(gè)負(fù)調(diào)節(jié)因子。最近，據(jù)報(bào)導(dǎo)，表達(dá)肌肉生長(zhǎng)抑制素前體蛋白的轉(zhuǎn)基因斑馬魚(yú)骨骼肌的纖維增加。其它新的研究結(jié)果表明，除了抑制增殖及分化，肌肉生長(zhǎng)抑制素在肌細(xì)胞生成中也扮演著一個(gè)重要角色。我們已經(jīng)研究了斑馬魚(yú)雙鏈RNADSRNA抑制肌肉生長(zhǎng)抑制素功能的能力。通過(guò)顯微注射羅非魚(yú)對(duì)應(yīng)于生物活性C端結(jié)構(gòu)域，從肌肉生長(zhǎng)抑制素蛋白第268個(gè)胺基酸的密碼子到端密碼子的DSRNA，使實(shí)驗(yàn)魚(yú)體重增加。在早期的發(fā)育階段注入DSRNA，可使斑馬魚(yú)肌肉發(fā)生增生或肥大。此外，干擾基因的影響表現(xiàn)出很強(qiáng)的DSRNA量的依賴性。關(guān)鍵詞關(guān)鍵詞斑馬魚(yú)，肌肉生長(zhǎng)抑制素，核糖核酸干擾，基因沉默，肥大，增生1．介紹．介紹肌肉生長(zhǎng)抑制素MSTN是轉(zhuǎn)化生長(zhǎng)因子Β（TGFΒ）的成員之一，它對(duì)一些哺乳動(dòng)物物種的骨骼肌生長(zhǎng)起著關(guān)鍵的負(fù)調(diào)節(jié)作用。攜帶MSTN自然突變基因的“雙肌”品種的牛比標(biāo)準(zhǔn)品種有更多的肌肉LEE和MCPHERRON，1997年；KAMBADUR等人，1997年；GROBET等人，1997年，1998年。敲除MSTN基因的小鼠骨骼肌肉急劇增加，并最終導(dǎo)致其增生和肥大MCPHERRON等人，1997年。2001年，LEE和MCPHERRON的報(bào)告指出，轉(zhuǎn)基因小鼠表達(dá)MSTN的原結(jié)構(gòu)域，卵泡抑素或啟動(dòng)素受體IIB型ACTRIIB在肌肉細(xì)胞中顯負(fù)性，增強(qiáng)肌肉的生長(zhǎng)，各方面都類似于被敲除MSTN基因的小鼠。此外，由于MSTN的抑制，轉(zhuǎn)基因魚(yú)MSTN表達(dá)原結(jié)構(gòu)下放置34小時(shí)，制作DSRNA。經(jīng)退火的RNA（DSRNA）的溶液加入RNASEA（05克/毫升）在37℃放置15分鐘，降解至單鏈RNA。在瓊脂糖凝膠上對(duì)不同的物種進(jìn)行了檢查。所有12細(xì)胞階段的胚胎注射5個(gè)DSRNA分子/胚胎（注射液1FG/L）和5106個(gè)DSRNA分子/胚胎（注射液1NG/L）。陰性對(duì)照組胚胎顯微注射載體相同的菌種（PBS1，137MM氯化鈉，27MM氯化鉀，43MM磷酸氫二鈉7H2O，PH值73）。22RTPCR通過(guò)使用TRI試劑（SIGMA公司），按照制造商的說(shuō)明提取受精24小時(shí)后的胚胎HPF的總RNA。CDNA第一鏈通過(guò)使用逆轉(zhuǎn)錄系統(tǒng)（PROMEGA公司）合成20_L，從總RNA的5_G逆轉(zhuǎn)錄（RT）反應(yīng)。PCR進(jìn)行20_L以15稀釋比率的逆轉(zhuǎn)錄反應(yīng)。方法與AMALI等的（2004年）相同，使用引物進(jìn)行PCR擴(kuò)增，得到496BP的斑馬魚(yú)MSTN和最大476BP的CDNA（用于作為內(nèi)標(biāo)物模板量的差異正常化）。PCR程序?yàn)轭A(yù)變性94℃下2分鐘；MSTN進(jìn)行35個(gè)循環(huán)，最大的片斷進(jìn)行30個(gè)循環(huán)；在94℃下進(jìn)行30秒，55℃下進(jìn)行30秒和72℃下進(jìn)行1分鐘；最后延伸時(shí)間為72℃下7分鐘。將PCR產(chǎn)物進(jìn)行1％凝膠電泳。使用1D圖像分析軟件（柯達(dá)）進(jìn)行定量分析，由頻帶的強(qiáng)度計(jì)算基因表達(dá)的相對(duì)值。研究確定基因表達(dá)周期數(shù)的驗(yàn)證測(cè)試，在該測(cè)試中進(jìn)行所描述的PCR反應(yīng)，但在不同的周期數(shù)終止。構(gòu)建了在不同PCR循環(huán)中產(chǎn)生的穩(wěn)定的PCR產(chǎn)物量的檔案，并在擴(kuò)增曲線的指數(shù)區(qū)域內(nèi)選擇所使用的周期數(shù)。這是為了可以確保用PCR產(chǎn)物的量反映原樣品中模板的量。23．成長(zhǎng)性評(píng)價(jià)和肌肉組織學(xué)分析．成長(zhǎng)性評(píng)價(jià)和肌肉組織學(xué)分析要確定所有顯微注射30天，60天和75天后魚(yú)的體重。對(duì)各組中的20條個(gè)體的魚(yú)，各取肌肉組織，制成常規(guī)的石蠟切片，用甲醛固定10小時(shí)后，通過(guò)蘇木精曙紅染色法（簡(jiǎn)稱HE染色法），進(jìn)行肌肉組織學(xué)分析。選擇腹鰭底部的第一棘的垂直部分的肌纖維進(jìn)行定量分析。對(duì)染色部分進(jìn)行了拍照，并使用DIGIPAT程序（33版本，EICISOFT，古巴）將圖像進(jìn)行分析。確定一個(gè)固定的放大倍數(shù)（20倍），在顯微鏡下對(duì)一個(gè)給定的區(qū)域內(nèi)纖維的總數(shù)進(jìn)行計(jì)數(shù)。24．統(tǒng)計(jì)分析．統(tǒng)計(jì)分析誤差條指示平均值的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)誤差。（）表示P001，（）表示P005，顯微注射組作為學(xué)生T檢驗(yàn)的對(duì)照組。3．結(jié)果與討論．結(jié)果與討論最近羅非魚(yú)（奧利亞羅非魚(yú)）的MSTN基因（GENBANK登錄號(hào)AF197193）被發(fā)現(xiàn)并克隆。與羅非魚(yú)的核酸序列和氨基酸序列是高度同源的斑馬魚(yú)，DNA序列同源性約是羅非魚(yú)的74％（RODGER等人，2001年）。

簡(jiǎn)介：中文中文3452字出處出處CATALYSISTODAY,1999,53139CATALYTICSTRATEGIESFORINDUSTRIALWATERREUSEFEHANCOCKSYNETIX,BILLINGHAM,CLEVELAND,TS231LB,UKABSTRACTTHEUSEOFCATALYTICPROCESSESINPOLLUTIONABATEMENTANDRESOURCERECOVERYISWIDESPREADANDOFSIGNIFICANTECONOMICIMPORTANCERJFARRAUTO,CHBARTHOLOMEW,FUNDAMENTALSOFINDUSTRIALCATALYTICPROCESSES,BLACKIEACADEMICANDPROFESSIONAL,1997FORWATERRECOVERYANDREUSECHEMOCATALYSISISONLYJUSTSTARTINGTOMAKEANIMPACTALTHOUGHBIOCATALYSISISWELLESTABLISHEDJNHORAN,BIOLOGICALWASTEWATERTREATMENTSYSTEMSTHEORYANDOPERATION,CHICHESTER,WILEY,1990THISPAPERWILLDISCUSSSOMEOFTHEPRINCIPLESBEHINDDEVELOPINGCHEMOCATALYTICPROCESSESFORWATERREUSEWITHINTHISCONTEXTOXIDATIVECATALYTICCHEMISTRYHASMANYOPPORTUNITIESTOUNDERPINTHEDEVELOPMENTOFSUCCESSFULPROCESSESANDMANYEMERGINGTECHNOLOGIESBASEDONTHISCHEMISTRYCANBECONSIDEREDKEYWORDSCODREMOVALCATALYTICOXIDATIONINDUSTRIALWATERTREATMENT1INTRODUCTIONINDUSTRIALWATERREUSEINEUROPEHASNOTYETSTARTEDONTHELARGESCALEHOWEVER,WITHPOTENTIALLONGTERMCHANGESINEUROPEANWEATHERANDTHENEEDFORMOREWATERABSTRACTIONFROMBOREHOLESANDRIVERS,THEAVAILABILITYOFWATERATLOWPRICESWILLBECOMEINCREASINGLYRAREASWATERPRICESRISETHEREWILLCOMEAPOINTWHENTECHNOLOGIESTHATEXISTNOWORAREBEINGDEVELOPEDWILLMAKEWATERRECYCLEANDREUSEAVIABLECOMMERCIALOPERATIONASTHATFUTUREAPPROACHES,ITISWORTHSTATINGTHEMOSTIMPORTANTFACTABOUTWASTEWATERIMPROVEMENT–AVOIDITCOMPLETELYIFATALLPOSSIBLEITISBESTTOCONSIDERWATERNOTASANATURALLYAVAILABLECHEAPSOLVENTBUTRATHER,DIFFICULTTOPURIFY,EASILYCONTAMINATEDMATERIALTHATIFALLOWEDINTOTHEENVIRONMENTWILLPERMEATEALLPARTSOFTHEBIOSPHEREAPOLLUTANTISJUSTAMATERIALINTHEWRONGPLACEANDTHEREFOREDESIGNYOURPROCESSTOKEEPTHEMATERIALWHEREITSHOULDBE–CONTAINEDANDSAFEAVOIDANCEANDTHENMINIMISATIONARETHETWOFIRSTSTEPSINLOOKINGATANYPOLLUTANTREMOVALPROBLEMOFCOURSEAVOIDANCEMAYNOTBEANOPTIONONANEXISTINGPLANTWHEREANYCHANGESMAYHAVELARGECONSEQUENCESFORPLANTITEMSIFMAJORFLOWSHEETREVISIONWEREREQUIREDALSOAVOIDANCEMAYMEANSIMPLYTRANSFERRINGTHEISSUEFROMTHEAQUEOUSPHASETOTHEGASPHASETHEREAREADVANTAGESANDDISADVANTAGESTOBOTHWATERANDGASPOLLUTANTABATEMENTHOWEVER,ITMUSTBEREMEMBEREDTHATGASPHASEORGANICPOLLUTANTREMOVALVOCCOMBUSTIONETC,ISMUCHMOREADVANCEDTHANTHEEQUIVALENTWATERCODREMOVALANDTHEREFOREWORTHCONSIDERATION1BECAUSETHESEASPECTSCANNOTBEOVEREMPHASISED，ATHIRDSTEPSCRUBBINGISTHEUSUALMETHODANDTHISPRODUCESASIGNIFICANTWATEREFFLUENTDISPOSALPROBLEM24PHARMACEUTICALSANDAGROCHEMICALSTHESEINDUSTRIESCANHAVEWATERWASHSTEPSINSYNTHESISBUTINADDITIONTHEYAREOFTENFORMULATEDWITHWATERBASEDSURFACTANTSORWETTINGAGENTS25FOODSANDBEVERAGESCLEARLYUSEWATERINPROCESSINGANDCODANDBODISSUESWILLBETHEENDRESULT26PULPANDPAPERTHISINDUSTRYUSESVERYLARGEQUANTITIESOFWATERFORPROCESSING–AQUEOUSPEROXIDEANDENZYMESFORBLEACHINGINADDITIONTOTHESTANDARDKRAFTTYPEPROCESSINGOFTHEPULPITISIMPORTANTTOREALISEHOWMUCHHUMANSOCIETYCONTRIBUTESTOCONTAMINATEDWATERANDANINVESTIGATIONOFTHEFLOWRATESTHROUGHMUNICIPALTREATMENTPLANTSSOONSHOWSTHESIGNIFICANCEOFNONPROCESSINDUSTRYDERIVEDWASTEWATER3THETECHNOLOGIESTHETECHNOLOGIESFORRECALCITRANTCODANDTOXICPOLLUTANTSINAQUEOUSEFFLUENTARESHOWNINFIG2THESEEXAMPLESOFTECHNOLOGIES2,6,8AVAILABLEORINDEVELOPMENTCANBECATEGORISEDACCORDINGTOTHEGENERALPRINCIPLEUNDERLYINGTHEMECHANISMOFACTIONIFINADDITIONTHEADSORPTIONABSORPTIONPROCESSESAREIGNOREDFORTHISCATALYSISDISCUSSIONTHENTHECATEGORIESARE1BIOCATALYSIS2AIR/OXYGENBASEDCATALYTICORNONCATALYTIC3CHEMICALOXIDATION1WITHOUTCATALYSISUSINGCHEMICALOXIDANTS2WITHCATALYSISUSINGEITHERTHEGENERATIONOF_OHORACTIVEOXYGENTRANSFERBIOCATALYSISISANEXCELLENTTECHNOLOGYFORMUNICIPALWASTEWATERTREATMENTPROVIDINGAVERYCOSTEFFECTIVEROUTEFORTHEREMOVALOFORGANICSFROMWATERITISCAPABLEOFMUCHDEVELOPMENTVIATHEUSEOFDIFFERENTTYPESOFBACTERIATOINCREASETHEOVERALLFLEXIBILITYOFTHETECHNOLOGYONEISSUEREMAINS–WHATTODOWITHALLTHEACTIVATEDSLUDGEEVENAFTERMASSREDUCTIONBYDEWATERINGTHEQUANTITIESINVOLVEDMEANTHATTHISISNOTANEASYPROBLEMTOSOLVEANDREUSEASAFERTILIZERCANONLYUSESOMUCHTHESLUDGECANBETOXICVIAABSORPTIONOFHEAVYMETALS,RECALCITRANTTOXICCODINTHISCASEINCINERATIONANDSAFEDISPOSALOFTHEASHTOACCEPTABLELANDFILLMAYBEREQUIREDAIRBASEDOXIDATION6,7ISVERYATTRACTIVEBECAUSEPROVIDINGPURERGRADESOFOXYGENARENOTREQUIREDIFTHEOXIDANTISFREEUNFORTUNATELY,ITISONLYSLIGHTLYSOLUBLEINWATER,RATHERUNREACTIVEATLOWTEMPERATURESAND,THEREFORE,NEEDSHEATANDPRESSURETODELIVERREASONABLERATESOFREACTIONTHESEPLANTSBECOMECAPITALINTENSIVEASPRESSURESFROM_10TO100BARAREUSEDTHEREFORE,ALTHOUGHTHERUNNINGCOSTSMAYBELOWTHEINITIALCAPITALOUTLAYONTHEPLANTHASAVERYSIGNIFICANTEFFECTONTHE

簡(jiǎn)介：1中文中文6915字本科畢業(yè)論文本科畢業(yè)論文設(shè)計(jì)設(shè)計(jì)外文翻譯題目美國(guó)大型農(nóng)業(yè)流域基流對(duì)硝酸鹽流失的貢獻(xiàn)研究美國(guó)大型農(nóng)業(yè)流域基流對(duì)硝酸鹽流失的貢獻(xiàn)研究姓名XX學(xué)號(hào)200070303204100專業(yè)環(huán)境工程指導(dǎo)教師職稱教授中國(guó)武漢二○一一年三月3ANDJANES,1999）。特別的，氮肥的使用是硝態(tài)氮的主要來(lái)源。早在二十世紀(jì)六十年代氮肥的使用量就持續(xù)上升，從二十世紀(jì)六十年代的不足200,000T/A上升到二十世紀(jì)九十年代早期的1000,000T/A（IAS,2001）。從1979到1990年，在浣熊河流域盆地，流體中平均硝態(tài)氮負(fù)荷占據(jù)了流域所施氮肥的25（LUCEYANDGOOLSBY,1993）。硝態(tài)氮主要通過(guò)作為基流地下水流和排泄溝進(jìn)入愛(ài)荷華州的河流（HALLBERG,1987）。SCHILLING（2002）報(bào)道說(shuō)硝態(tài)氮的輸出主要是發(fā)生在愛(ài)荷華州流域兩個(gè)重要的基流中，同時(shí)在夏末和秋天基流輸送最強(qiáng)烈。硝態(tài)氮的輸出表現(xiàn)出顯著的季節(jié)性變化（OWENSETAL．,1991；PIONKEETAL．,1999；JAYNESETAL．,1999），同時(shí)它的變化也與地質(zhì)上對(duì)地下水出流的控制（SCHNABELETAL．,1993）及不同的土地利用方式（OWENSETAL．,1991；GBUREKANDFOLMER,1999；SCHILLING,2002）有關(guān)。暴風(fēng)雪引起的輸入更進(jìn)一步的強(qiáng)調(diào)了間歇性的非點(diǎn)源污染物質(zhì)的輸入（CARPENTERETAL．,1998；PIONKEETAL．,1999）。減輕像浣熊河這樣大面積農(nóng)業(yè)流域硝態(tài)氮輸出的影響，需要了解污染物傳輸進(jìn)入河流的主要方式以及它在空間上和時(shí)間上的變化模式。假設(shè)基流是硝態(tài)氮進(jìn)入浣熊河的主要輸送方式。在最佳管理方法被用來(lái)減少或截取流入河流的硝態(tài)氮之前，我們需要知道水量的大小、變化情況及基流中硝態(tài)氮的組分的動(dòng)態(tài)變化。將適時(shí)的施肥或制定確立的河岸緩沖區(qū)與周期性大基流協(xié)調(diào)起來(lái)，這將會(huì)是在下游硝態(tài)氮轉(zhuǎn)輸發(fā)生前減輕土地中硝態(tài)氮流失的一個(gè)控制策略。這個(gè)研究的目的是（1）量化地下水復(fù)位和流出的基本水文學(xué)過(guò)程（土壤水分蒸發(fā)蒸騰損失總量和基流），（2）評(píng)估28年（19722000）以來(lái)浣熊河在流水和基流作用下硝態(tài)氮流失的年模式和季模式。為了實(shí)現(xiàn)我們的目標(biāo)，在中西部我們把所積累的每日流水量和硝酸鹽含量作為一個(gè)長(zhǎng)期不斷監(jiān)測(cè)項(xiàng)目的一部分。我們的研究證明了維持一個(gè)長(zhǎng)期的環(huán)境監(jiān)控方法的重要性，目的是為了克服短期的氣候可變性，同時(shí)提供了關(guān)于水文特征與化學(xué)物質(zhì)傳輸之間聯(lián)系的精確估算。２流域描述和資料來(lái)源２流域描述和資料來(lái)源

簡(jiǎn)介：中文中文3360字本科畢業(yè)論文外文翻譯外文譯文題目（中文）物流信息服務(wù)系統(tǒng)的優(yōu)化管理學(xué)院管理學(xué)院專業(yè)工商管理學(xué)號(hào)學(xué)生姓名學(xué)生姓名指導(dǎo)教師指導(dǎo)教師日期2007年6月18日摘要本文論述了物流信息服務(wù)系統(tǒng)管理問(wèn)題中的優(yōu)化問(wèn)題，可以用排列系統(tǒng)（準(zhǔn)同步）理論來(lái)解決，介紹了準(zhǔn)最優(yōu)的管理信息化的物流信息服務(wù)系統(tǒng)中數(shù)學(xué)模型的構(gòu)建和有效的算法的發(fā)展。關(guān)鍵詞物流，物流信息管理，計(jì)算機(jī)系統(tǒng)管理協(xié)調(diào)員，計(jì)算機(jī)物流，數(shù)學(xué)模型，結(jié)構(gòu)。1物流系統(tǒng)的概念物流，作為一個(gè)意識(shí)形態(tài)，很早以前就被大家所認(rèn)識(shí)。最初，合理的測(cè)量、熟練的計(jì)算和邏輯推理都在它的范圍內(nèi)。物流系統(tǒng)是為了工業(yè)經(jīng)濟(jì)行為和商業(yè)經(jīng)濟(jì)行為而設(shè)立的，并且以整個(gè)系統(tǒng)的組織化、信息化、硬件和軟件維護(hù)、互相聯(lián)系的子系統(tǒng)的集合體為基礎(chǔ)。一個(gè)組織技術(shù)型的物流系統(tǒng)包括維修器材，原材料和零部件庫(kù)存，成品，將貨物運(yùn)送到倉(cāng)庫(kù)，銷售和使用。對(duì)這種系統(tǒng)的信息和網(wǎng)絡(luò)維護(hù)表現(xiàn)為兩種方式第一，作為一個(gè)有形的物流系統(tǒng)決策制定時(shí)的信息或網(wǎng)絡(luò)支持；第二，作為一個(gè)獨(dú)立的物流信息管理系統(tǒng)。在第二種情況下，即利用特殊的軟件建立的獨(dú)立的物流信息管理系統(tǒng)，使信息從輔助因素轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)楠?dú)立的生產(chǎn)力量，這能從根本上提高勞動(dòng)生產(chǎn)率和降低生產(chǎn)成本。它從根本上提高了物流組織技術(shù)系統(tǒng)的功能有效性。物流的定義使它看起來(lái)像一個(gè)關(guān)于綜合組織技術(shù)管理的科學(xué)，它通過(guò)生產(chǎn)、經(jīng)濟(jì)和信息過(guò)程來(lái)達(dá)到降低整體成本的目的。由于不同的子系統(tǒng)都有各自的目標(biāo)，組織技術(shù)系統(tǒng)各子系統(tǒng)缺乏必要的合作，這導(dǎo)致了系統(tǒng)的不平衡。到如今，生產(chǎn)和工業(yè)、建筑和運(yùn)輸、商業(yè)和貿(mào)易的物流基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施都已經(jīng)有所發(fā)展。但信息和網(wǎng)絡(luò)物流正處于形成階段。計(jì)算機(jī)技術(shù)市場(chǎng)能充分的描述全世界的工業(yè)、商業(yè)和運(yùn)輸型物流系統(tǒng)。在這種情況下，由位于德國(guó)的衛(wèi)星自動(dòng)控制系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)的，并由物流單位完成的通用的公司管理系統(tǒng)將完成以下功能物料流通管理，公司資源計(jì)劃，供應(yīng)商市場(chǎng)分析，購(gòu)買和供應(yīng)，庫(kù)存管理，交互運(yùn)作，會(huì)計(jì)管理，存貨。信息共享的出現(xiàn)使得使用者的各單位和各子系統(tǒng)能夠自我控制。作為組織技術(shù)系統(tǒng)的結(jié)構(gòu)性