高中英語語法學(xué)生版1

1、高中定語從句詳細(xì)講解高中定語從句詳細(xì)講解（一）定義及相關(guān)術(shù)語（一）定義及相關(guān)術(shù)語定語從句（AttributiveClauses）在句中做定語，修飾一個(gè)名詞或代詞，被修飾的名詞詞組或代詞即先行詞先行詞。定語從句通常出現(xiàn)在先行詞之后，由關(guān)系詞（關(guān)系代詞或關(guān)系副詞）引出。（二）關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句（二）關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句關(guān)系詞指代成分that人，物主賓Which人，物主賓who人主賓Whom人賓whose人，物定1who指人，在定語從句

2、中作主語。TheboyswhoareplayingfootballarefromClassOne.YesterdayIhelpedanoldmanwhohadlosthisway.Thatistheteacherwhoteachesusphysics.。2whom指人，在定語從句中做賓語，?？墒÷?。MrLiuistheperson(whom)youtalkedaboutonthebus.LiMingisjusttheboy(whom)I

3、wanttosee.Theprofess(whom)youarewaitingfhascome.Thegirl(whom)theteacheroftenpraisesisourmonit.注意：關(guān)系代詞whom在口語或非正式文體中常可用who來代替，也可省略。Theman(whomwho)youmetjustnowismyoldfriend.3Which指物，在定語從句中做主語或賓語，做賓語時(shí)常可省略。Footballisagamewh

4、ichislikedbymostboys.Thefactywhichmakescomputersisfarawayfromhere.Helikestoreadbookswhicharewrittenbyfeignwriters.。4that指人時(shí)，相當(dāng)于who或whom；指物時(shí)，相當(dāng)于which.。在定語從句中作主語或賓語，作賓語時(shí)?？墒÷?。Thenumberofpeoplethatwhocometovisitthiscityeachy

5、earreachesonemillion.WhereisthemanthatwhomIsawthismningThepersonthatwhomyouintroducedtomeisverykind.Theseasonthatwhichcomesafterspringissummer.YesterdayIreceivedaletterthatwhichcamefromAustralia.5Whose通常指人，也可指物，在定語從句中做定語

6、。whosen.引導(dǎo)定語從句的結(jié)構(gòu)是定語從句的一個(gè)考查熱點(diǎn)，此結(jié)構(gòu)可以換成是then.ofwhich引導(dǎo)定語從句或者可以換成是ofwhichthen.Ivisitedascientistwhosenameisknownalloverthecountry.Hehasafriendwhosefatherisadoct.Ioncelivedinthehousewhoseroofhasfallenin.TomrowI’llbringhereth

7、emagazine(whichthat)youaskedf.TomrowI’llbringherethemagazinefwhichyouasked.明天我將把你要的雜志帶來。Thisistheboy(whomwhothat)Iplayedtenniswithyesterday.ThisistheboywithwhomIplayedtenniswithyesterday.這是我昨天跟他打臺(tái)球的男孩。注意：１含有介詞的短語動(dòng)詞一般不拆開，

8、介詞仍放在短語動(dòng)詞的后面。如：lookflookaftertakecareof等。Thisisthewatch(whichthat)Iamlookingf.(正)這是我正在找的手表。ThisisthewatchfwhichIamlooking.(誤)Thebabies(whomwhothat)thenurseislookingafterareveryhealthy.(正)Thebabiesafterwhomthenurseislooki

9、ngareveryhealthy.（誤）“介詞關(guān)系代詞”前還可有someanynoneallbothneithermanymosteachfew等代詞或者數(shù)詞。如：Heloveshisparentsdeeplybothofwhomareverykindtohim.Inthebaskettherearequitemanyapplessomeofwhichhavegonebad.Thereareftystudentsinourclassin

10、allmostofwhomarefrombigcities.Uptonowhehaswrittentenstiesthreeofwhichareaboutcountrylife.先行詞為先行詞為way時(shí)先行詞為way，在定語從句中作狀語時(shí)，用that，inwhich引導(dǎo)定語從句，也可以省略關(guān)系詞。e.g.Idon’tliketheway(thatinwhich)hespeakstohisparents.（四）（四）關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句

11、關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句(whenwherewhy)注意：在從句中缺少狀語注意：在從句中缺少狀語先行詞關(guān)系詞成分時(shí)間timeday.holiday…When狀語地點(diǎn)placecityhousecase…Where狀語原因（thereason）why狀語1when指時(shí)間，在定語從句中作時(shí)間狀語。IstillrememberthedaywhenIfirstcametothisschool.Thetimewhenwegottogetherfin

12、allyarrived.October11949wasthedaywhenthePeople’sRepublicofChinawasfounded.Doyouremembertheyearswhenhelivedinthecountrysidewithhisgrparents2where指地點(diǎn)，在定語從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語。ShanghaiisthecitywhereIwasbn.ThehousewhereIlivedtenyearsagoh

13、asbeenpulleddown.Ivisitedthefarmwherealotofcowswereraised.Isthistheplacewheretheyfoughttheenemy3.why指原因，在定語從句中作原因狀語。Pleasetellmethereasonwhyyoumissedtheplane.Thereasonwhyhewaspunishedisunknowntous.Idon’tknowthereasonwhyh

14、elooksunhappytoday.注意：關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句經(jīng)常可以用“介詞關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)的定語從句來表示。如：Greatchangesaretakingplaceinthecitywhereinwhichtheylive.Thereasonwhyfwhichherefusedtheinvitationisquiteclear.先行詞表示時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、原因時(shí)，在定語從句中作狀語狀語，選擇相應(yīng)的關(guān)系副詞when、where、why引導(dǎo)