簡介：THEDESIGNANDIMPLEMENTATIONOFTHEONLINESHOPPINGSYSTEMFORDIGITALARTSGAOLANJUANLIUQUANJIANGXUEMEISCHOOLOFINFORMATIONENGINEERING,WUHANUNIVERSITYOFTECHNOLOGY,WUHANHUBEI,CHINAABSTRACTINORDERTOGOSHOPPINGONLINEMORECONVENIENT,THEDESIGNANDIMPLEMENTATIONOFTHEONLINESHOPPINGSYSTEMBASEDONJSPISPRESENTEDINTHISPAPERITMAINLYINTRODUCEDTHEONLINESHOPPINGPROGRAM,ONLINEPAYMENT,THEORDERGENERATING,ANDCOMPLETEDASERIESOFFUNCTIONSABOUTONLINESHOPPINGFORDIGITALWORKSKEYWORDSWEBTRADEONLINEJSPDIGITALARTSIINTRODUCTIONSHOPPINGONLINEGRADUALLYBECOMESAKINDOFFASHIONWITHTHEPREVALENCEOFINTERNETANDECOMMERCEATTHESAMETIME,ASTHEDEVELOPMENTANDTHEINCREASINGINTEGRATIONOFNETWORKANDINFORMATIONTECHNOLOGY,MANYTRADITIONALMEDIACONTENTSTENDTODIGITALMETHODSANDITCANBEPREDICTEDTHATTHEDIGITALMASSMEDIAWILLBEANALTERNATIVE,WHICHCANBEEXTENSIVELYUSEDINECOMMERCE,SUCHASONLINEIMAGES,MP3SONLINESALES,VIGOROUSDEVELOPMENTOFDIGITALCINEMA,EBOOKSALESANDSOON1INORDERTOCARRYOUTONLINETRANSACTIONSOFDIGITALWORKS,ESPECIALLYWORKSASIMAGES,TEXT,AUDIOANDVIDEO,WEBUILDANONLINESHOPPINGSYSTEMINTHEAPPLICATIONOFJSPTECHNOLOGYANDMYSQLDATABASE,WHICH,ACHIEVEDASERIESOFFUNCTIONSOFDIGITALARTSTRANSACTION,CANHELPPEOPLEINNEEDSEARCHONLINE,BROWSEANDPURCHASEMULTIMEDIAWORKSIISYSTEMDESIGNASOFTWARECONFIGURATIONOFONLINETRADINGSYSTEMTHESYSTEM,ASATYPICALJAVAWEBAPPLICATIONS,HASATHREELAYERSOFTWAREARCHITECTUREITISDESCRIBEDATHREETIERWEBARCHITECTUREDEVELOPMENTMODELUSING“JSPANDJAVABEAN”TECHNOLOGY,ASSHOWNINFIG1THECLIENTLAYERPROVIDESABROWSERBASEDUSERINTERFACE,ONWHICHCUSTOMERSCANBROWSETHESTATICORDYNAMICHTMLPAGESWHICHAREPASSEDOVERFROMTHEWEBSERVER,ANDUSERSCANALSOINTERACTWITHWEBSERVERTHROUGHDYNAMICHTMLPAGESTHEWEBSERVERPROVIDESANENVIRONMENTSPECIALFORJSPANDJAVABEANANDOTHERCOMPONENTSTORUNANDVISITJSPISRESPONSIBLEFORGENERATINGHTMLPAGESDYNAMICALLY,ANDATTHEMEANTIMEJAVABEANISRESPONSIBLEFORVISITINGTHEDATABASEANDTRANSACTIONTHEDATABASELAYERSTORESANDMAINTAINSPERMANENTBUSINESSINFORMATIONINWEBAPPLICATIONS2BWORKFLOWOFONLINETRANSACTIONTHEFLOWCHARTOFONLINETRANSACTIONSISSHOWNINFIG2CUSTOMERSCANCHOOSEFROMFAVORITESTOPURCHASETHEDIGITALWORKSINCLUDINGTEXT,IMAGES,AUDIO,VIDEO,ETC,SOFORTHEIRCONVENIENCE,ABACKENDDATABASEONTHESERVERLAYERSHOULDBEESTABLISHEDTOSAVETHEPRODUCTSINFORMATIONOFTHEPURCHASEINORDERTOSOLVETHISPROBLEMWEUSETHEJSPTECHNOLOGYTOSENDTHEINFORMATIONTOTHECLIENTSHTMLPAGESASSOONASTHEPURCHASEORDERISGENERATEDITWILLBEPROCESSEDTOTHEACTUALBANKTHROUGHTHEONLINEBANKINGINTERFACEANDTHENAFTERTHEORDERISWRITTENINTOTHETRANSACTIONDATABASE,ITWILLPROVIDEUSERSTHEPERMITOFDOWNLOADIT,ANDFINALLYTHETRADEISASUCCESSONECTHEANALYSISOFSYSTEMFUNCTIONMODULESTHISSYSTEMMAINLYINCLUDESTHEFOLLOWINGFEATURES,WHICHINCLUDETHEBASICSERVICESTHATHAVEBEENPROVIDEDONLINEINADVANCEINTHEPURPOSETHATCONSUMERSCANBROWSEANDPURCHASEATANYTIMETOACHIEVEANEFFICIENTONLINEMARKETINGAPPROACHTHEONLINETRADINGSYSTEMFUNCTIONMODULES,ASSEEN,CANBEDIVIDEDINTOTWOCATEGORIESTHEFRONTENDMODULESANDTHEBACKENDMODULESONTHEONEHAND,THEFRONTENDMODULESINCLUDETHESEARCHOFWORKSANDQUERYMODULE,SHOPPINGCARTMODULE,FRONTENDORDERPROCESSINGMODULE,ANDSHOPPINGMANAGEMENTMODULEFIG1SOFTWARECONFIGURATIONOFONLINETRADINGSYSTEMFIG2THEFLOWCHARTOFONLINETRANSACTIONS2010NINTHINTERNATIONALSYMPOSIUMONDISTRIBUTEDCOMPUTINGANDAPPLICATIONSTOBUSINESS,ENGINEERINGANDSCIENCE9780769541105/102600?2010IEEEDOI101109/DCABES201090414OTHERWORKSCONSUMERSCANALWAYSCLICKTOVIEWTHEIRSHOPPINGCARTITEMSTOCONFIRMORDELETETHEIROWNWORKSTHEYDONOTWANTTOPURCHASEWHENTHECONFIRMEDMESSAGECOMESINTHESHOPPINGCART,THEORDERWILLBESTOREDINTHETRANSACTIONDATABASEAFTERTHECONSUMERCLICKSONTHEPAGETOCONFIRMTHETRADE,THEPAGEPROVIDESUSERSTHEFUNCTIONTODOWNLOADTHEWORKSTHATTHEYHAVEPURCHASEDATTHISPOINT,TRANSACTIONINFORMATIONISINSTORAGETHETRANSACTIONISCOMPLETEDSUCCESSFULLYTHEFOLLOWINGISPARTOFCREATEORDERACTIONJAVAFILEOFJAVABEANCOMPONENTSWHICHISRESPONSIBLEOFDEALINGWITHTHEREQUESTOFGENERATINGORDERS,ANDTHEMAINCODESAREASFOLLOWSPACKAGECNCOMSHOPPINGONLINEPUBLICFINALCLASSCREATEORDERACTIONEXTENDSACTION{PUBLICACTIONFORWARDEXECUTETHROWSEXCEPTION{DYNAACTIONFORMORDERFORMDYNAACTIONFORMFORMMEMBERMEMBERMEMBERSESSIONGETATTRIBUTECONSTANTSLOGIN_USER_KEY/DETERMINEWHETHERTHEUSERLOGIN/IFMEMBERNULL{ERRORSADDACTIONMESSAGESGLOBAL_MESSAGE,NEWACTIONMESSAGE“ERRORSUSERUNLOGIN“IFERRORSISEMPTY{SAVEERRORSREQUEST,ERRORS}RETURNMAPPINGFINDFORWARD“TOWRONG“/DETERMINEWHETHERTHESHOPPINGCARTISEMPTY/ELSEIFSHOPCARTLISTNULL||SHOPCARTLISTSIZE0{ERRORSADDACTIONMESSAGESGLOBAL_MESSAGE,NEWACTIONMESSAGE“ERRORSNULLSHOPCART“IFERRORSISEMPTY{SAVEERRORSREQUEST,ERRORS}PAGEFORWARD“TOWRONG“}ELSE{∥COMPLETEDATABASERELATEDOPERATIONSDBOPERATEDBNEWDBOPERATEORDERORDERNEWORDER/SAVETHEORDER/SIMPLEDATEFORMATDFNEWSIMPLEDATEFORMAT“MMDDHHMMSS“STRINGORDERNOMEMBERGETUSERNAMEDFFORMATNEWDATE∥ORDERNUMBERISGENERATEDORDERSETORDERNOORDERNOORDERSETUSERIDMEMBERGETID/MODIFYTHENUMBEROFGOODSSOLD/SHOPCARTGETPRODUCTSETSALECOUNTSHOPCARTGETPRODUCTGETSALECOUNTSHOPCARTGETCOUNTDBUPDATESHOPCARTGETPRODUCTTOTALPRICETOTALPRICESHOPCARTGETPRICE}RETURNMAPPINGFINDFORWARDPAGEFORWARD}IVACKNOLODGEMENTINTHISPAPER,THESTUDYHASBEENSUPPORTEDBYTHEFOLLOWINGITEMSNATURALSCIENCEFOUNDATIONOFHUBEIPROVINCEPROGRAMNO2008CD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簡介：AUTOMATEDPLCSOFTWAREGENERATIONBASEDONSTANDARDIZEDDIGITALPROCESSINFORMATIONMARTINBERGERT,CHRISTIANDIEDRICHMAGDEBURGUNIVERSITYINSTITUTEOFAUTOMATIONTECHNOLOGYIFATMAGDEBURG/GERMANYUNIMAGDEBURGBERGERTDAIMLERCHRYSLERCOMJENSKIEFER,THOMASB?RDAIMLERCHRYSLERRESEARCHTECHNOLOGYFUNCTIONANDPRODUCTIONMODELINGGR/EPFULM/GERMANYJENSKIEFERDAIMLERCHRYSLERCOMABSTRACTINORDERTOMEETTHEVARIOUSCHALLENGESINTHEAUTOMOTIVEINDUSTRY,NEWANDINTEGRATEDMETHODOLOGIESFORPRODUCTIONPLANNINGANDRAMPUPPROCESSESAREREQUIREDTHUS,ACONCEPTFORAUTOMATEDPLCSOFTWAREGENERATIONBASEDONSTANDARDIZEDDIGITALPROCESSINFORMATIONISINTRODUCEDWITHTHESPECIALFOCUSONTHENEEDSOFTHEBODYSHOPINTHEAUTOMOTIVEINDUSTRYTHEFOUNDATIONFORPLCSOFTWAREGENERATIONISADIGITALPROCESSPLANTHATDESCRIBESTHEPRODUCTIONSTEPSINAGRAPHICALWAYFORTHESPECIALNEEDSOFPLCSOFTWAREGENERATIONNEWPROCESSELEMENTSANDATTRIBUTESAREINTRODUCEDSOTHEPROCESSPLANCONTAINSTHESTEPWISESPECIALIZATIONOFALLNECESSARYINFORMATIONFORAPLCPROGRAMTHISPAPERADDITIONALLYPRESENTSASPECIFICATIONEXTENDINGTHEDIGITALPROCESSINFORMATIONWITHRESOURCESPECIFICPLCFUNCTIONBLOCKS1INTRODUCTIONDUETOTHEINCREASINGCOMPETITIONFORKEYMARKETSHARES,CARMANUFACTURERSAREENGAGEDINANINNOVATIONRACECHARACTERIZEDBYASOARINGNUMBEROFPRODUCTVARIANTSINPARALLEL,THEINNOVATIONANDMODELCYCLESARECONSTANTLYDECREASEDTHESEINTENSIFIEDCOMPETITIVECONDITIONSINEVITABLYLEADTOHIGHERCOMPLEXITYBOTHINOVERALLPRODUCTIONPLANNINGANDINRAMPUPPROCESSESMOREOVER,THETIMEFORTHEFUTUREACCOMPLISHMENTOFPRODUCTIONENGINEERINGPROJECTSHASBEENCUTTOTHEBONETODAY,THEACTIVITIESINTHEPRODUCTIONPLANNINGPROCESSMECHANICALDESIGN,ELECTRICALDESIGN,CONTROLENGINEERINGAREACCOMPLISHEDINAMOSTSEQUENTIALWAYESPECIALLYTHETASKSOFTHECONTROLENGINEERINGDONOTBEGINBEFORETHEMECHANICALDESIGNISNEARLYCOMPLETEDINADDITIONTOTHATTHEREISADEEPGAPBETWEENMECHANICALDESIGNANDCONTROLENGINEERINGTHISPHENOMENONISSHOWNESPECIALLYINDIFFERENTWORKINGMETHODOLOGIES,TOOLS,ANDINTHEUSEOFDIFFERENT,DEPARTMENTSPECIFICTERMSTHERESULTSOFTHESEDEPARTMENTSPECIFICDIFFERENCESINEVITABLYLEADTOLOSSOFINFORMATION,REPEATEDMANUALINPUTS,ADDITIONALLYITERATIONLOOPSASWELLASHIGHTIMEPRESSUREFORTHEPLCPROJECTPLCPROGRAMMABLELOGICCONTROLLERINORDERTOCOPEWITHTHESECHALLENGESNEWPLANNINGMETHODOLOGIESARENECESSARYTOENCOURAGESIMULTANEOUSENGINEERINGASONEIMPORTANTCONTRIBUTION,ANEWMETHODOLOGYFORAUTOMATEDPLCSOFTWAREGENERATIONISINTRODUCEDINTHISPAPERTOGIVEANOVERVIEW,THEPAPERSTARTSWITHASHORTDESCRIPTIONOFIMPORTANTANDREPRESENTATIVEAPPROACHESREGARDINGTHISTOPICBASEDONTHEIDENTIFIEDADVANTAGESANDDISADVANTAGESOFTHEEXISTINGAPPROACHES,REQUIREMENTSTOWARDSANEWANDINTEGRATEDMETHODOLOGYFORAUTOMATEDPLCSOFTWAREGENERATIONAREDESCRIBEDAFTERASHORTINTRODUCTIONOFTHECONCEPTOFDIGITALFACTORY,THENEWMETHODOLOGYFULFILLINGTHEMENTIONEDREQUIREMENTSISPRESENTEDTHESEVERALSTEPSFROMTHEDIGITALPROCESSPLANTOANIEC611313CONFORMPLCPROGRAMAREDESCRIBEDFINALLY,THEPRACTICALAPPLICABILITYOFTHENEWMETHODOLOGYISSHOWNUSINGADAPTEDANDENHANCEDCOMMERCIALSOFTWARETOOLS2EXISTINGAPPROACHESFORAUTOMATEDPLCSOFTWAREGENERATIONINTHEFOLLOWINGSECTIONSDIFFERENTREPRESENTATIVEAPPROACHESFORAUTOMATEDPLCSOFTWAREGENERATIONAREPRESENTEDMOREOVER,THECONCEPTSPECIFICADVANTAGESANDDISADVANTAGESAREWORKEDOUT21DFGPROJECTDISPADISTRIBUTEDPROCESSAUTOMATIONWITHINTHERESEARCHPROJECTDISPAANOBJECTORIENTEDMETHODOLOGYWASDEVELOPEDTHATALLOWSTHEGENERATIONOFEXECUTABLEPLCSOFTWARECODEBASEDONANABSTRACT,SYSTEMNEUTRALMODEL1THISMODELISDEVELOPEDWITHANEXTENSIONOFTHEFORMALDESCRIPTIONLANGUAGEUMLUMLUNIFIEDMODELINGLANGUAGETHATWASADAPTEDTOTHESPECIALREQUIREMENTSOFCONTROLENGINEERINGBYTHEUSEOFUMLAMODULARANDSTRUCTUREDMODELDEVELOPINGISGUARANTEEDTOSUPPORTACCELERATEDANDTRANSPARENTENGINEERINGPROCESSESSTANDARDIZEDANDREUSABLESOFTWARECOMPONENTSARE1424408261/07/2000?2007IEEE35226EVALUATIONINTHEPREVIOUSSECTIONSDIFFERENTAPPROACHESFORTHEAUTOMATEDPLCSOFTWAREGENERATIONWEREPRESENTEDTHESEAPPROACHESBASEONDIFFERENTASSUMPTIONS,METHODOLOGIESANDITTOOLSREGARDINGAPOTENTIALUSEINTHEPLANNINGPROCESSOFMANUFACTURINGCELLS,ALLTHESEAPPROACHESHAVETHEIRSPECIFICADVANTAGESANDDISADVANTAGESWHICHARECOMPAREDINTABLE1CONCEPTADVANTAGESDISADVANTAGESDISPAUMLOBJECTORIENTEDMODELINGBYUSEOFUMLGENERATIONOFSTANDSFCCODENOINTEGRATIONINPLANNINGPROCESSADDITIONALDEVELOPMENTOFTHEUMLMODELANDSOFTWARETRANSLATORNOBIDIRECTIONALDATAEXCHANGEPOSSIBLEPETRINETSIPNFORMALANDFLEXIBLEDESCRIPTIONLANGUAGEAUTOMATEDVERIFICATIONOFTHE“PLCMODEL”POSSIBLESUPPORTOFPLCEXCHANGEFORMATRELATEDTOPLCOPENNOINTEGRATIONINPLANNINGPROCESSADDITIONALDEVELOPMENTOFTHESIPNLIMITEDPLCSOFTWAREGENERATIONGENERATIONOFILCODEONLYOSMERSINTEGRATIONINPLANNINGPROCESSGRAPHICALVISUALPLCPROGRAMMINGADDITIONALITTOOLANDSOFTWARETRANSLATORNECESSARYGENERATIONOFILCODEONLYNOBIDIRECTIONALDATAEXCHANGEPOSSIBLEMODALEINTEGRATIONINPLANNINGPROCESSUSEOFEXISTINGDIGITALPLANNINGINFORMATIONBASEDONCOMMERCIALSOFTWARETOOLSDPEGENERATIONOFSFCCODEONLYGENERATIONOFSIMPLIFIEDANDLIMITEDSEQUENTIALFUNCTIONCHARTSBASEDONNONSTANDARDIZEDEXCHANGEFORMATRDFHUGEMANUALEFFORTFORREWORKINGPROCESSSIMULATECOMMISSIONINGINTEGRATIONINPLANNINGPROCESSUSEOFEXISTINGDIGITALPLANNINGINFORMATIONBASEDONCOMMERCIALSOFTWARETOOLSGENERATIONOFSFCCODEONLYGENERATIONOFSIMPLIFIEDANDLIMITEDSEQUENTIALFUNCTIONCHARTSNOOPENSYSTEMINTERFACES,ONLYCONNECTIONTOSTEP7SIEMENSNOBIDIRECTIONALDATAEXCHANGEPOSSIBLETABLE1EXISTINGAPPROACHESCOMPARINGTHEDIFFERENTCONCEPTSITISNOTABLETHATTHEACADEMICAPPROACHESALLHAVEWELLSTRUCTUREDANDFLEXIBLEBASISCONCEPTSBYTHEUSEOFFORMALDESCRIPTIONLANGUAGESUML,SIPNBUTFORPRACTICALUSETHEYARENOTSUITABLEBECAUSEOFTHEDEMONSTRATEDDISADVANTAGESADDITIONALMODELS,SPECIFICSOFTWARETRANSLATORSETCAREVERSEDVIEWISGIVENBYTHEPRACTICALCONCEPTSTHESEAPPROACHESBASEONCOMMERCIALITPLANNINGTOOLS,BUTTHEYHAVEPROBLEMSWITHTOOLSPECIFICINFLEXIBILITY,OPENPROGRAMMINGINTERFACESAREMISSINGTHISLEADSTOSIMPLIFIEDANDFUNCTIONALLIMITEDPLCPROGRAMSASWELLASTOHUGEMANUALREWORKINGEFFORTFORTHESESOFTWAREPROGRAMSUNTILNOWAPRACTICABLEANDECONOMICALSOLUTIONDOESNOTEXIST3REQUIREMENTSFORPLCSOFTWAREGENERATIONBASEDONTHEDESCRIBEDDISADVANTAGESINTHEPREVIOUSSECTION,AFEWREQUIREMENTSRESULTTOWARDSANEWCONCEPTFORAUTOMATEDPLCSOFTWAREGENERATIONTHESEREQUIREMENTSREFERTOTHEMETHODOLOGYASWELLASTOTHEUSEDITTOOLSINDETAIL,THESEREQUIREMENTSARENOLITTLEADDITIONALAFFORDFORECONOMYANDGENERALUSERACCEPTANCEITISESSENTIALTHATANEWMETHODOLOGYCAUSESASLESSASPOSSIBLEADDITIONALEFFORTDURINGTHEPLANNINGPROCESSUSINGEXISTINGPLANNINGRESULTSTOAVOIDREPEATEDMANUALDATAINPUTSANDLOSSOFINFORMATIONDURINGTHETRANSFEROFPLANNINGRESULTSFROMONEPLANNINGTOOLTOANOTHERONE,STANDARDIZEDINTERFACESBETWEENTHETOOLSANDDATAEXCHANGEFORMATSARENECESSARYUPDATEFUNCTIONFORPROCESSCHANGESDURINGRAMPUPANDPRODUCTIONPROCESSES,PROCESSCHANGESAREOFTENNECESSARY,EGFORTHEINTEGRATIONOFNEWPRODUCTVARIANTSSOITISESSENTIALTHATTHESECHANGESCANBEINTEGRATEDINTHEPLCPROGRAMSDURINGTHERUNNINGPRODUCTIONPROCESSGENERATIONOFPLCSOFTWAREACCORDINGTOIEC611313THEAUTOMATICALLYGENERATEDPLCCODEHASTOFULFILLALLRESTRICTIONSFROMTHEIEC611313TOBEPORTABLEINTHEDIFFERENTCOMMERCIALPLCPROGRAMMINGTOOLSMAINTAINABLEPLCPROGRAMCODEITISNECESSARYTOGENERATEPLCCODEINAREADABLEANDUNDERSTANDABLEFORMATSOTHATLATERCHANGESINTHESOFTWARECODEAREPOSSIBLETHEREFORETHEGRAPHICALLANGUAGESSFCORFBDFBDFUNCTIONBLOCKDIAGRAMAREMUCHMORESUITABLETHANTHECRYPTICLANGUAGEILBIDIRECTIONALDATAEXCHANGEFORPRACTICALAPPLICABILITYOFAUTOMATEDPLCSOFTWAREGENERATIONITISNECESSARYTORETRANSFERCHANGESINTHEPLCPROGRAMSDURINGTHERAMPUPANDPRODUCTIONPROCESSESINTHEPLANNINGTOOLSONLYTHUS,THECONSISTENCYOFDATAISGUARANTEED354

簡介：THENINTHINTERNATIONALCONFERENCEONELECTRONICMEASUREMENTSTEP2DETERMINETHESIZEOFFACEAREAANDSELECTFACEAREASTEP3NORMALIZESELECTEDFACEAREASINTOTHESAMESIZESTEP4COMPUTETHEAVERAGEVALUEOFEVERYCORRESPONDINGPIXELOFFACEAREABEFORECONSTRUCTINGTEMPLATE,SOMEIMAGESINCLUDINGOBSERVEFACEARECHOSENATFIRST,THESIZEOFFACEAREAISDETERMINEDTHEN,THEFACEAREASELECTEDMANUALLYINTHESEFACEIMAGETHENUMBEROFTHESELECTEDFACEAREAISNTHEMATRIXVECTORSOFFACEAREASAREDISTRIBUTEDINDEPENDENTLY,SOARETHEPIXELVALUESINSAMEPOSITIONOFTHESEFACEAREASTHEPIXELVALUEINTHEKTHK1,2,?,NPOSITIONOFFACEAREAISFKI,JK1,2,,NANDTHENORMALIZEDSCALEFACTOROFTHESEFACEIMAGEISWKK1,2,,N,THUS,THEAVERAGEFACETEMPLATECANBEDESCRIBEDASFOLLOWS???????NKKKJIFWNJIT1,1,1ACCORDINGTOSTATISTICSTHEORY,IFSOMEPIXELVALUEFKI,JINTHEKTHFACEAREASUBJECTSTONORMALDISTRIBUTIONN?,?2,WHERE,?ISTHEMEANOFTHEPIXELFKI,JAND?ISTHEVARIANCE,TI,JSUBJECTSTON?,?2/NDISTRIBUTIONSOTHECHANCINESSOFLOCALDENSITYINFACETEMPLATEDECREASESINALARGESCALEIFFACEIMAGEISSAMPLEDINTHESITUATIONTHATTHEDISTANCEBETWEENTHEFACEANDTHECAMERAISFIXED,THESIZEOFFACEISUNCHANGEDCORRESPONDINGLYANDTHENORMALIZEDSCALEFACTORWKCANBE1THENTHEAVERAGEFACETEMPLATETI,JCANBEALTEREDASFOLLOWS???????NKKJIFNJIT1,1,2454_____________________________9781424438648/09/2500?2009IEEETHENINTHINTERNATIONALCONFERENCEONELECTRONICMEASUREMENTINSTRUMENTSICEMI’2009ABFIG6DETECTEDPOSSIBLELOCATIONOFHALFFACEVCRITERIONFUNCTIONINTHEEXPERIMENT,THEHALFFACESINTHEIMAGESWEREDETECTEDWITHTHETEMPLATEMATCHINGMETHODITSFUNDAMENTALPRINCIPLECANBEDESCRIBEDASFOLLOWSTHESELECTEDAVERAGEHALFFACETEMPLATEISRANSACKEDONTHEDETECTINGIMAGEANDTHESIMILARITYBETWEENTHEMISCALCULATEDTHEHALFFACEIMAGEWHICHISSIMILARTOTHETEMPLATEISRECKONEDAMONGTHEDETECTINGIMAGE,IFTHEVALUEOFTHESIMILARITYFUNCTIONINSOMEPOSITIONISGREATERTHANTHETHRESHOLDVALUEGIVENTHESIMILARITYISTHESTATISTICALVALUEOFLOCALAREASINTHEIMAGETHESIMILARITYVALUEOFSOMEDIFFERENTSUBIMAGEIMAGEMIGHTBEEQUALTOANOTHER,DESPITEALLTHATTHEYAREDIFFERENTSUBIMAGESINTHEEXPERIMENT,THESIMILARITYFUNCTIONVALUEINTHEHALFFACETEMPLATEMATCHEDPOSITIONSHOULDBESTOODOUTANDTHEVALUEINTHENONMATCHEDPOSITIONSHOULDBEBATEDTHEMETHODADOPTEDISDESCRIBEDASFOLLOWSSUPPOSETHELENGTHOFTHEHALFFACETEMPLATETISIANDTHEWIDTHISJ,ASISSHOWNINFIGURE4THELENGTHOFTHEFULLFACETEMPLATEIS2IANDTHEWIDTHISJOFTHEDETECTINGIMAGE,THELENGTHISLANDTHEWIDTHISWTHESUBIMAGECORRESPONDINGTOTHEPOSITIONM,NINTHEIMAGEWHERETHETEMPLATEISSETONISPM,NTHENTHESIMILARITYBETWEENTHETEMPLATEANDTHESUBIMAGESM,NCANBEEXPRESSEDWITHTHEFORMULA39??????????????IIJJNMJITJIPNMS112,,,,3FORTHEFUNCTIONABOVE,THERULEOFDETERMININGWHETHERTHEREEXISTSTHEHALFFACEISTHATGIVENATHRESHOLDVALUETH,IFSM,N?TH,THEHALFFACETEMPLATETISSIMILARTOTHESUBIMAGEPM,N,ANDIFSM,N0,THEHALFFACETEMPLATETISIDENTICALWITHTHESUBIMAGEPM,NCOMPLETELYEXPANDINGTHEFORMULA3,ITWILLBETHEFOLLOWING??????????????????????????????IIJJIIJJNMIIJJNMJITJITJIPJIPNMS11211,112,,,,2,,4WHERE,????????IIJJNMJIP112,,ISTHEENERGYOFSUBIMAGEPM,NWHICHISCOVEREDBYHALFFACETEMPLATETLOCATEDINI,JOFTHEIMAGESDURINGTHERANSACKINGOFTHEIMAGES,ITSVALUEISCHANGINGSLOWLY?????????IIJJNMJITJIP11,,,ISTHECORRELATIONBETWEENTHETEMPLATETANDSUBIMAGEPM,N,ITGETSTHEMAXIMUMVALUEWHENTEMPLATETMATCHTHESUBIMAGEPM,NEXACTLY????????IIJJJIT112,ISTHEENERGYOFHALFFACETEMPLATET,ITSVALUECANBEDETERMINEDWHENTHETEMPLATETISCONSTRUCTEDITHASNORELATIONSHIPWITHTHEPOSITIONOFTHESUBIMAGEPM,NTHEREFORE,THERATIOOFTHECORRELATIONOFTHETEMPLATETANDSUBIMAGEPM,NTOTHEENERGYOFSUBIMAGEPM,NCANACTADTHESIMILARITY,THATIS,????????????????????IIJJNMIIJJNMJIPJITJIPNMS112,11,,,,,5NORMALIZINGFORMULA5,THEFOLLOWINGONECOULDBEDEDUCED????????????????????????????IIJJIIJJNMIIJJNMJITLIPJITJIPNMS112112,11,,,,,,6WHERE,SM,NISSIMILARITY,0?SM,N?1ASTOSIMILARITYSM,N,THERULEFORDETERMININGWHETHERTHEHALFFACEEXISTSCANBEDESCRIBEDASIFTHRESHOLDISGIVENASTH,WHENSM,N?TH,THECONCLUSIONTHATTHEHALFFACETEMPLATETISSIMILARTOTHESUBIMAGEPM,NISDRAWN,WHENSM,N1,THEHALFFACETEMPLATETMATCHTHESUBIMAGEPM,NEXACTLYASSUMINGTHATTHEOTREPRESENTSTIMECOSTOFFACEDETECTIONBASEDONHALFFACETEMPLATEANDTHEOFREPRESENTSTHATBASEDONFULLFACEONE,THECALCULATINGMETHODOFTHEOTANDOFCANBEDESCRIBEDASFORMULAS7AND8OTIJLIWJ7OF2IJL2IWJ8THERATIOOFOTTOOFCANBESHOWNINFORMULA9ILILJWILJIJWILJIFOTO4222????????9WHENTHEVALUEOFLISMUCHGREATERTHANTHATOFI,THERESULTOF9APPROXIMATESTO1/2,THATISTOSAY,THETIMECOSTOFDETECTINGFACESINIMAGESWITHTHEHALFFACETEMPLATEISABOUTHALFOFTHATWITHTHEFULLFACEONETHEREFORE,ABOUTHALFTIMEOFTHEPROCESSINGISSAVEDVIEXPERIMENTSRESULTSASTOAVERAGEHALFFACETEMPLATESHOWNINFIGURE5,THESIMILARITYOF“LEFTFACEANDLEFTFACE”,“RIGHTFACEANDRIGHTFACE”AND“LEFTFACEANDRIGHTFACE”WERECALCULATEDWITHTHEFORMULA6THERESULTSARE10000?10000AND09535RESPECTIVELYTHECONCLUSIONCOULDBEDRAWNTHATTHESIMILARITYVALUEOFSAMEHALFFACESISHIGH,ANDTHE456

簡介：VECTORSIGNALANALYSISOFDIGITALBASEBANDANDIFSIGNALSWITHINANFPGASCOTTFERGUSONAGILENTTECHNOLOGIES,INC1900GARDENOFTHEGODSRDCOLORADOSPRINGS,CO80907USA17195902403SFERGUSONAGILENTCOMABSTRACTTHISPAPERINTRODUCESNOVELTECHNIQUESFORANALYZINGDIGITALSIGNALANDMODULATIONQUALITYINSIDEOFFIELDPROGRAMMABLEGATEARRAYSFPGASTHISCONVERGENCEOFINNOVATIONSINLOGICANALYSISWITHTHOSEINVECTORSIGNALANALYSISCANPROVIDEDESIGNERSOFDIGITALBASEBANDANDIFSIGNALPROCESSINGSYSTEMSASWELLASANALOGTODIGITALANDDIGITALTOANALOGCONVERTERSWITHTHEABILITYTOMAKEKEYMEASUREMENTSWHERETHEYWEREPREVIOUSLYUNAVAILABLEORDIFFICULTTOMAKEASFPGASCONTINUETOMAKELARGERCONTRIBUTIONSINDSPFORWIRELESSANDSATELLITECOMMUNICATIONS,THEINCREASINGDOMINANCEOFDIGITALBASEBANDANDIFSIGNALSPRESENTSACHALLENGETODESIGNERSOFRADIOANDSATELLITESYSTEMSDSPCIRCUITDESIGNERSCONSTANTLYMAKETRADEOFFSBETWEENDESIGNCOMPLEXITYBITPRECISION,NUMBEROFFILTERTAPS,ETC,POWERCONSUMPTION,ANDSIGNALQUALITYKEYMEASUREMENTSLIKEERRORVECTORMAGNITUDECANBEUSEDTOGAUGETHEPERFORMANCEIMPLICATIONSOFTHESETRADEOFFSPREVIOUSLY,VECTORSIGNALANALYSISMEASUREMENTSHAVEBEENEITHERDIRECTLYINTEGRATEDINTORFTESTINSTRUMENTS,ORWRITTENASCUSTOMSOFTWAREBYBASEBANDDESIGNERSWITHENTIRESECTIONSOFARADIOBEINGIMPLEMENTEDDIGITALLY,ANDINTEGRATEDINSIDEASINGLECHIP,NEWMETHODSARENEEDEDTOCHARACTERIZETHEINDIVIDUALSUBSYSTEMSINADIGITALRADIOTHISPAPERPRESENTSTHECOMBINATIONOFADYNAMICFPGAPROBE,WHICHENABLESROUTINGOFSIGNALGROUPSWITHINANFPGATOALOGICANALYZERFORMEASUREMENTTHROUGHASMALLNUMBEROFPHYSICALPACKAGEPADS,WITHANFFTBASEDVECTORSIGNALANALYSISSOFTWAREPACKAGETHISCOMBINATIONPROVIDESSIMULTANEOUSMEASUREMENTOFTIMEDOMAIN,FREQUENCYSPECTRUM,ANDMODULATIONQUALITYONDIGITALSIGNALSINSIDEANFPGAITALSOPROVIDESTHEQUICKSELECTIONOFVARIOUSINTERNALNETSFORSIGNALANALYSISWITHOUTTIMECONSUMINGREDESIGNSOFTHEFPGAINTRODUCTIONFIELDPROGRAMMABLEGATEARRAYSFPGASAREINWIDESPREADUSEFORDIGITALSIGNALPROCESSINGDSPINWIRELESS,AEROSPACE,ANDDEFENSEAPPLICATIONSTHEIRPROGRAMMABILITYENABLESDESIGNERSTOBUILDEARLYPROTOTYPESYSTEMSWHILESPECIFICATIONSARESTILLCHANGING,ASWELLASTOSUPPORTMULTIPLECOMMUNICATIONTECHNOLOGIESWITHASINGLEHARDWAREDESIGNTHEIRINCREASINGPERFORMANCEENABLESDIGITALPROCESSINGOFINCREASINGLYWIDERBANDWIDTHS,IMPROVINGSIGNALQUALITYWHILEREDUCINGPOWERCONSUMPTIONANDMATERIALCOSTASANINCREASINGPORTIONOFATRANSCEIVERISDIGITAL,THENUMBEROFPROBEPOINTSFORANALOGSPECTRUMANDVECTORSIGNALANALYSISISDECREASINGDIGITALSIGNALPROCESSINGSYSTEMSPOSSESSTHEABILITYTOCREATENEARPERFECTSIGNALQUALITYDUETOTHELACKOFNOISEANDNONLINEARITIESASSOCIATEDWITHANALOGSIGNALPROCESSINGHOWEVER,TRADEOFFSARECONSTANTLYMADEINSIGNALQUALITYINDSPSYSTEMSTOMEETREQUIREMENTSINSYSTEMCOST,POWERCONSUMPTION,ANDTIMETOMARKETFORTHISREASON,SIGNALANALYSISONDIGITALCOMPONENTSANDSUBCOMPONENTSISNEEDEDTOVIEWTHERELATIVEIMPACTOFDESIGNTRADEOFFSONSIGNALQUALITYERRORVECTORMAGNITUDEEVMHASBEENAPOPULARMETRICFORMODULATEDSIGNALQUALITYFORMANY4020780391012/05/2000?2005IEEEFEATURE,ANDPROVIDE48SIGNALSTHROUGH24PINSFOREXAMPLEIWILLBECLOCKEDONTHERISINGCLOCKEDGE,ANDQWILLBETRANSFERREDONTHEFALLINGEDGEAFTERTHEMUXCOREISCOMPILEDINTOTHEFPGAPROGRAM,THELOGICANALYZERCONTROLSTHEFPGAVIATHEJTAGINTERFACEWHENTHEUSERSELECTSAGROUPORBANKOFSIGNALSTOVIEW,AMESSAGEISSENTVIAJTAGTOTHEFPGATOCONFIGURETHESWITCHATTHESAMETIMETHELOGICANALYZERISRECONFIGUREDWITHNEWSIGNALNAMES,TOMATCHTHENETNAMESOFTHESIGNALSNOWBEINGPROBEDTHISSWITCHCONFIGURATIONMAKESNOCHANGESTOSIGNALROUTING,MEANINGTHATCIRCUITTIMINGISNOTIMPACTEDPREVIOUSLY,INTERACTIVEDEBUGOFFPGASIGNALSINSIDEALARGEDESIGNREQUIREDDEVELOPMENTOFACUSTOMMUXBYTHEENDUSER,ORMANYHOURSOFRECOMPILINGADESIGNTOSELECTDIFFERENTSIGNALSTOCONNECTTOTHEDEBUGPORTIFNOTPERFORMEDCAREFULLY,ARECOMPILEOFANFPGADESIGNCOULDALSOIMPACTCIRCUITTIMING,ANDCAUSEPROBLEMSTOAPPEARORDISAPPEARUSINGTHEDYNAMICPROBESAVESCOMPILETIMEANDELIMINATESTHERISKOFTIMINGCHANGESTHELOGICANALYZERCANTHENCAPTURESIGNALDATAFROMALL88INTERNALNETS48ATATIMEUSING25PINS,AND25LOGICANALYZERCHANNELSDIGITALSIGNALSVSDIGITIZEDSIGNALSWHILEMANYSIGNALSAREDIGITAL,THESIGNALSINADSPCIRCUITAREDIGITALREPRESENTATIONSOFSOONTOBECOMEORRECENTLYDIGITIZEDANALOGSIGNALSTHISCANBEVISUALIZEDUSINGTHELOGICANALYZER’SCHARTDISPLAYCAPABILITIES,ASSEENINFIGURE3USINGATWO’SCOMPLEMENTREPRESENTATION,THE8BITVALUEFORIANDQSYMBOLSRESEMBLEANANALOGWAVEFORM,SHOWNINTHETOPROWOFTHEDISPLAYTHESAMETRACEINATRADITIONALBUSSTYLEDISPLAYISSHOWNINTHELOWERPORTIONOFTHEFIGUREFIGURE3CHARTDISPLAYOFDIGITALBUSOTHERINTERESTINGTIMEDOMAINANALYSISCANBEDONEWITHALOGICANALYZER,SUCHASMEASURINGTHEGROUPDELAYOFTHERRCFILTERINFIGURE4,THE“I”SYMBOLSTREAMISCAPTUREDBEFOREANDAFTERTHERRCFILTERNAMED“I_SYMBOL”AND“I_BASEBAND”,RESPECTIVELYTHEGROUPDELAYCANBEMEASUREDUSINGMARKERSANDAVISUALINSPECTIONOFTHESIGNALSINTHEFIGURE,THECENTEROFAWIDEFLATSPOTISMARKEDINBOTHROWS,ANDTHETIMEINTERVALMEASUREMENTOF250NANOSECONDSISSHOWNONTHEUPPERLEFTPORTIONOFTHESCREENFIGURE4TIMEDOMAINSIGNALANALYSISDIGITALVECTORSIGNALANALYSISBEYONDVERIFICATIONOFSMOOTHWAVEFORMSANDTIMEINTERVALMEASUREMENTS,ALOGICANALYZERDOESNOTTYPICALLYPROVIDEMUCHMORESIGNALANALYSISCAPABILITYUSERSHAVEBEENLEFTTOMAKETHEIROWNCUSTOMANALYSISTOOLS,LINKINGTHEINSTRUMENTTOTHEIROWNSOFTWAREPACKAGESORCOMMERCIALMATHEMATICSTOOLSWHILETHISISTIMECONSUMING,ITALSOADDSRISKTOPROJECTCYCLESBECAUSEOFTHEPOSSIBILITYOFERRORSINHOMEGROWNSIGNALANALYSIS404

簡介：SEEDISCUSSIONS,STATS,ANDAUTHORPROFILESFORTHISPUBLICATIONATHTTP//WWWRESEARCHGATENET/PUBLICATION/227709814ROOMTEMPERATUREFREEZECASTINGFORCERAMICSWITHNONAQUEOUSSUBLIMABLEVEHICLESINTHENAPHTHALENE–CAMPHOREUTECTICSYSTEMARTICLEINJOURNALOFTHEAMERICANCERAMICSOCIETYJANUARY2005IMPACTFACTOR261DOI101111/J115129162004TB06353XCITATIONS29READS1122AUTHORS,INCLUDINGJOHNWHALLORANUNIVERSITYOFMICHIGAN236PUBLICATIONS3,599CITATIONSSEEPROFILEAVAILABLEFROMJOHNWHALLORANRETRIEVEDON15OCTOBER2015WITH3WTDISPERSANTTO100WTAL2O3POWDER,WEREPREPAREDIN10–20CM3BATCHESDURINGTHEWARMBALLMILLINGPROCESS,THENAPHTHALENEVAPORANDTHECAMPHORVAPORINTHESEALEDBOTTLESHOULDBEINEQUILIBRIUMWITHTHESLURRYBECAUSETHENAPHTHALENEVAPORPRESSUREANDTHECAMPHORVAPORPRESSUREAREDIFFERENTANDTHESEVAPORSARELOSTWHENTHEBOTTLEISOPENED,THENAPHTHALENERATIOTOCAMPHORINTHEWARMBALLMILLEDSLURRIESWILLBECHANGEDFROMTHEINITIALCHARGEDRATIOASISEXPLAINEDINDETAILLATER,MICROSTRUCTURALOBSERVATIONOFSOLIDIFIEDNAPHTHALENE–CAMPHORALLOYSREVEALEDTHATTHEINITIALCHARGEOF40WTNAPHTHALENE–60WTCAMPHORBECAMETHEEUTECTICCOMPOSITION,WHICHIS35WTNAPHTHALENE–65WTCAMPHORACCORDINGTOTHEPHASEDIAGRAM,16AFTERTHEWARMBALLMILLINGINTHISWORKINITIALCHARGESOF56WTNAPHTHALENE–44WTCAMPHOR,40WTNAPHTHALENE–60WTCAMPHOR,AND31WTNAPHTHALENE–69WTCAMPHORWEREUSEDASHYPOEUTECTIC,EUTECTIC,ANDHYPEREUTECTICVEHICLES,RESPECTIVELYMEASUREDLIQUIDDENSITIESOFHYPOEUTECTIC56WTNAPHTHALENE–44WTCAMPHORANDEUTECTIC40WTNAPHTHALENE–60WTCAMPHORCOMPOSITIONSAREBOTH0983G/CM3AT55°C,ANDTHATOFHYPEREUTECTIC31WTNAPHTHALENE–69WTCAMPHORCOMPOSITIONIS0964G/CM3AT60°CEXAMPLESOFTHECHARGEDWEIGHTOFEACHMATERIALFOR48VOLAL2O3SLURRIESARESHOWNINTABLEIIWARMBALLMILLEDSLURRIESWEREPOUREDINTOACYLINDRICALDEPRESSIONONTHESURFACEOFPOLYURETHANEMOLDSATROOMTEMPERATURETHESIZEOFTHEMOLDWAS10MMINDIAMETERAND5MMINDEPTHTHESLURRIESSOLIDIFIEDTYPICALLYWITHIN20MINTOYIELDSOLIDRIGIDGREENBODIESAFTERDEMOLDING,GREENBODIESWEREPLACEDINAMBIENTATMOSPHEREWITHANAIRFLOWRATEOF001–005M/STOSUBLIMETHEFROZENNAPHTHALENE–CAMPHORALLOYFROMTHEGREENBODIESJUDGINGFROMTHEWEIGHTCHANGE,THISSUBLIMATIONPROCESSTYPICALLYFINISHEDIN60HDURINGTHISFREEZEDRYINGPROCESS,NEITHERCRACKFORMATIONNORMEASURABLESHRINKAGEWASOBSERVEDAFTERTHEFREEZEDRYINGPROCESS,THECASTBODIESWERESINTEREDAT1600°CRAMPINGRATEOF5°C/MINFOR4HWITHOUTASPECIALBINDERBURNOUTPROCESSTHEFABRICATIONPROCEDUREDESCRIBEDABOVEISSUMMARIZEDINFIG23CHARACTERIZATIONTHEDENSITYOFSINTEREDBODIESWASMEASUREDUSINGTHEWATERDISPLACEMENTMETHODBASEDONTHEARCHIMEDEANPRINCIPLETHEMICROSTRUCTUREOFTHESINTEREDBODIESWASOBSERVEDWITHSCANNINGELECTRONMICROSCOPYSEMXL30,PHILIPSELECTRONICSNV,EINDEHOVEN,THENETHERLANDSTHEMICROSTRUCTUREOFSOLIDIFIEDNAPHTHALENE–CAMPHORALLOYSWASOBSERVEDWITHOPTICALMICROSCOPYOMBH2UMA,OLYMPUS,TOKYO,JAPANINTHETRANSMISSIONMODEBYDROPPINGMOLTENLIQUIDALLOYSWITHOUTCERAMICPOWDERANDTHEDISPERSANTONTOASLIDEGLASSIIIRESULTSANDDISCUSSIONFIGURE3SHOWSTHERELATIVEDENSITYOFAL2O3SINTEREDBODIESASAFUNCTIONOFTHECHARGEDSOLIDCONTENTAL2O3VOLUMEFRACTIONINFIG1NAPHTHALENE–CAMPHORPHASEDIAGRAM16FIG2SCHEMATICCHARTOFTHEFABRICATIONPROCEDURETABLEISOMEPHYSICALPROPERTIESOFNAPHTHALENE,CAMPHOR,ANDWATERCHEMICALFORMULASOLIDIFICATIONTEMPERATURE°CVOLUMECHANGEDURINGSOLIDIFICATIONLIQUIDVISCOSITYMPA?SVAPORPRESSUREINSOLIDSPANAPHTHALENEC10H880NEGATIVE09180°C13?10252°CCAMPHORC10H16O180NEGATIVE063180°C13?10241°CWATERH2O0POSITIVE1020°C13?102?20°CTABLEIIEXAMPLEOFTHECHARGEDWEIGHTFOR48VOLAL2O3SLURRIESNAPHTHALENETOCAMPHORRATIOAL2O3GDISPERSANTGNAPHTHALENEGCAMPHORGHYPOEUTECTIC56WTN–44WTC4137124560440EUTECTIC40WTN–60WTC4137124400600HYPEREUTECTIC31WTN–69WTC4218127310690NOVEMBER20042015ROOMTEMPERATUREFREEZECASTINGFORCERAMICSWITHNONAQUEOUSSUBLIMABLEVEHICLES

簡介：SURVEYOFIMAGEDENOISINGTECHNIQUESMUKESHCMOTWANIMUKESHCGADIYARAKHICMOTWANIIMAGEPROCESSTECHNOLOGY,INCUNIVERSITYOFPUNE,INDIAUNIVERSITYOFNEVADA,RENO1776BACKCOUNTRYROADVISHWAKARMAINSTOFTECHDEPTOFCOMPSCIENGR,RENO,NV89521USAPUNE411337,INDIARENO,NV89557USA77544878169198843714887758537897MUKESHIMAGEPROCESSCOMMUKESH_GADIYASATYAMCOMRAKHICSUNREDUFREDERICKCHARRIS,JRUNIVERSITYOFNEVADA,RENODEPTOFCOMPSCIENGR,RENO,NV89557USA7757846571FREDHCSUNREDUABSTRACTREMOVINGNOISEFROMTHEORIGINALSIGNALISSTILLACHALLENGINGPROBLEMFORRESEARCHERSTHEREHAVEBEENSEVERALPUBLISHEDALGORITHMSANDEACHAPPROACHHASITSASSUMPTIONS,ADVANTAGES,ANDLIMITATIONSTHISPAPERPRESENTSAREVIEWOFSOMESIGNIFICANTWORKINTHEAREAOFIMAGEDENOISINGAFTERABRIEFINTRODUCTION,SOMEPOPULARAPPROACHESARECLASSIFIEDINTODIFFERENTGROUPSANDANOVERVIEWOFVARIOUSALGORITHMSANDANALYSISISPROVIDEDINSIGHTSANDPOTENTIALFUTURETRENDSINTHEAREAOFDENOISINGAREALSODISCUSSED1INTRODUCTIONDIGITALIMAGESPLAYANIMPORTANTROLEBOTHINDAILYLIFEAPPLICATIONSSUCHASSATELLITETELEVISION,MAGNETICRESONANCEIMAGING,COMPUTERTOMOGRAPHYASWELLASINAREASOFRESEARCHANDTECHNOLOGYSUCHASGEOGRAPHICALINFORMATIONSYSTEMSANDASTRONOMYDATASETSCOLLECTEDBYIMAGESENSORSAREGENERALLYCONTAMINATEDBYNOISEIMPERFECTINSTRUMENTS,PROBLEMSWITHTHEDATAACQUISITIONPROCESS,ANDINTERFERINGNATURALPHENOMENACANALLDEGRADETHEDATAOFINTERESTFURTHERMORE,NOISECANBEINTRODUCEDBYTRANSMISSIONERRORSANDCOMPRESSIONTHUS,DENOISINGISOFTENANECESSARYANDTHEFIRSTSTEPTOBETAKENBEFORETHEIMAGESDATAISANALYZEDITISNECESSARYTOAPPLYANEFFICIENTDENOISINGTECHNIQUETOCOMPENSATEFORSUCHDATACORRUPTIONIMAGEDENOISINGSTILLREMAINSACHALLENGEFORRESEARCHERSBECAUSENOISEREMOVALINTRODUCESARTIFACTSANDCAUSESBLURRINGOFTHEIMAGESTHISPAPERDESCRIBESDIFFERENTMETHODOLOGIESFORNOISEREDUCTIONORDENOISINGGIVINGANINSIGHTASTOWHICHALGORITHMSHOULDBEUSEDTOFINDTHEMOSTRELIABLEESTIMATEOFTHEORIGINALIMAGEDATAGIVENITSDEGRADEDVERSIONNOISEMODELINGINIMAGESISGREATLYAFFECTEDBYCAPTURINGINSTRUMENTS,DATATRANSMISSIONMEDIA,IMAGEQUANTIZATIONANDDISCRETESOURCESOFRADIATIONDIFFERENTALGORITHMSAREUSEDDEPENDINGONTHENOISEMODELMOSTOFTHENATURALIMAGESAREASSUMEDTOHAVEADDITIVERANDOMNOISEWHICHISMODELEDASAGAUSSIANSPECKLENOISE1ISOBSERVEDINULTRASOUNDIMAGESWHEREASRICIANNOISE2AFFECTSMRIIMAGESTHESCOPEOFTHEPAPERISTOFOCUSONNOISEREMOVALTECHNIQUESFORNATURALIMAGES2EVOLUTIONOFIMAGEDENOISINGRESEARCHIMAGEDENOISINGHASREMAINEDAFUNDAMENTALPROBLEMINTHEFIELDOFIMAGEPROCESSINGWAVELETSGIVEASUPERIORPERFORMANCEINIMAGEDENOISINGDUETOPROPERTIESSUCHASSPARSITYANDMULTIRESOLUTIONSTRUCTUREWITHWAVELETTRANSFORMGAININGPOPULARITYINTHELASTTWODECADESVARIOUSALGORITHMSFORDENOISINGINWAVELETDOMAINWEREINTRODUCEDTHEFOCUSWASSHIFTEDFROMTHESPATIALANDFOURIERDOMAINTOTHEWAVELETTRANSFORMDOMAINEVERSINCEDONOHO’SWAVELETBASEDTHRESHOLDINGAPPROACHWASPUBLISHEDIN1995,THEREWASASURGEINTHEDENOISINGPAPERSBEINGPUBLISHEDALTHOUGHDONOHO’SCONCEPTWASNOTREVOLUTIONARY,HISMETHODSDIDNOTREQUIRETRACKINGORCORRELATIONOFTHEWAVELETMAXIMAANDMINIMAACROSSTHEDIFFERENTSCALESASPROPOSEDBYMALLAT3THUS,THEREWASARENEWEDINTERESTINWAVELETBASEDDENOISINGTECHNIQUESSINCEDONOHO4DEMONSTRATEDASIMPLEAPPROACHTOADIFFICULTPROBLEMRESEARCHERSFIGURE1–CLASSIFICATIONOFIMAGEDENOISINGMETHODS

簡介：ROBUSTREGRESSIONFORFACERECOGNITIONIMRANNASEEMA,?,1,ROBERTOTOGNERIB,MOHAMMEDBENNAMOUNCACOLLEGEOFENGINEERING,KARACHIINSTITUTEOFECONOMICSANDTECHNOLOGYKIET,KARACHI75190,PAKISTANBSCHOOLOFEEY?XBD2TYBEINGTHEPREDICTEDRESPONSEVARIABLEINCLASSICALSTATISTICSTHEERRORTERMEISCONVENTIONALLYTAKENASAZEROMEANGAUSSIANNOISE40ATRADITIONALMETHODTOOPTIMIZETHEREGRESSIONISTOMINIMIZETHELEASTSQUARESLSPROBLEMARGMIN|FFLFFLFFLFFLFFL{ZFFLFFLFFLFFLFFL}BXQJ?1R2JDBTD3TWHERERJDBTISTHEJTHCOMPONENTOFTHERESIDUALVECTORRHOWEVER,INTHEPRESENCEOFOUTLIERS,LEASTSQUARESESTIMATIONISINEFFICIENTANDCANBEBIASEDALTHOUGHITHASBEENCLAIMEDTHATCLASSICALSTATISTICALMETHODSAREROBUST,THEYAREONLYROBUSTINTHESENSEOFTYPEIERRORTYPEIERRORCORRESPONDSTOTHEREJECTIONOFNULLHYPOTHESISWHENITISINFACTTRUEITISSTRAIGHTFORWARDTONOTETHATTYPEIERRORRATEFORCLASSICALAPPROACHESINTHEPRESENCEOFOUTLIERSTENDTOBELOWERTHANTHENOMINALVALUETHISISOFTENREFERREDTOASCONSERVATISMOFCLASSICALSTATISTICSHOWEVER,DUETOCONTAMINATEDDATA,TYPEIIERRORINCREASESDRASTICALLYTYPEIIERRORISTHEERRORWHENTHENULLHYPOTHESISISNOTREJECTEDWHENITISINFACTFALSETHISDRAWBACKISOFTENREFERREDTOASINADMISSIBILITYOFTHECLASSICALAPPROACHESADDITIONALLY,CLASSICALSTATISTICALMETHODSAREKNOWNTOPERFORMWELLWITHTHEHOMOSKEDASTICDATAMODELINMANYREALSCENARIOS,HOWEVER,THISASSUMPTIONISNOTTRUEANDHETEROSKEDASTICITYISINDISPENSABLE,THEREBYEMPHASIZINGTHENEEDOFROBUSTESTIMATIONSEVERALAPPROACHESTOROBUSTESTIMATIONHAVEBEENPROPOSEDSUCHASRESTIMATORSANDLESTIMATORSHOWEVER,MESTIMATORSHAVESHOWNSUPERIORITYDUETOTHEIRGENERALITYANDHIGHBREAKDOWNPOINT29,40PRIMARILYMESTIMATORSAREBASEDONMINIMIZINGAFUNCTIONOFRESIDUALSB?ARGMIN|FFLFFLFFLFFLFFL{ZFFLFFLFFLFFLFFL}BARPFDBT?XQJ?1RDRJDBTT8D5TGBEINGATUNINGCONSTANTCALLEDTHEHUBERTHRESHOLDMANYALGORITHMSHAVEBEENDEVELOPEDFORCALCULATINGTHEHUBERMESTIMATEINEQ4,SOMEOFTHEMOSTEFFICIENTAREBASEDONNEWTON’SMETHOD41MESTIMATORSHAVEBEENFOUNDTOBEROBUSTANDSTATISTICALLYEFFICIENTCOMPAREDTOCLASSICALMETHODS42–44ALTHOUGHROBUSTMETHODS,INGENERAL,ARESUPERIORTOTHEIRCLASSICALCOUNTERPARTS,THEYHAVERARELYBEENADDRESSEDINAPPLIEDFIELDS31,40SEVERALREASONSHAVEBEENDISCUSSEDIN40FORTHISPARADOX,COMPUTATIONALEXPENSERELATEDTOTHEROBUSTMETHODSHASBEENAMAJORHINDRANCE42HOWEVER,WITHRECENTDEVELOPMENTSINCOMPUTATIONALPOWER,THISREASONHASBECOMEINSIGNIFICANTTHERELUCTANCEINTHEUSEOFROBUSTREGRESSIONMETHODSMAYALSOBECREDITEDTOTHEBELIEFOFMANYSTATISTICIANSTHATCLASSICALMETHODSAREROBUST3ROBUSTLINEARREGRESSIONCLASSIFICATIONRLRCFORROBUSTFACERECOGNITIONCONSIDERNNUMBEROFDISTINGUISHEDCLASSESWITHPINUMBEROFTRAININGIMAGESFROMTHEITHCLASSSUCHTHATI?1,2,,NEACHGRAYSCALETRAININGIMAGEISOFANORDERA?BANDISREPRESENTEDASUIDMTARA?B,I?1,2,,NANDM?1,2,,PIEACHGALLERYIMAGEISDOWNSAMPLEDTOANORDERC?DANDTRANSFORMEDTOAVECTORTHROUGHCOLUMNCONCATENATIONSUCHTHATUIDMTARA?BWIDMTARQ?1,WHEREQ?CD,CD5ABEACHIMAGEVECTORISNORMALIZEDSOTHATTHEMAXIMUMPIXELVALUEIS1USINGTHECONCEPTTHATPATTERNSFROMTHESAMECLASSLIEONALINEARSUBSPACE1,WEDEVELOPACLASSSPECIFICMODELXIBYSTACKINGTHEQDIMENSIONALIMAGEVECTORS,XI??WID1TWID2TWIDPIT?ARQ?PI,I?1,2,,ND6TEACHVECTORWIDMT,M?1,2,,PI,SPANSASUBSPACEOFRQALSOCALLEDTHECOLUMNSPACEOFXITHEREFOREATTHETRAININGLEVELEACHCLASSIISREPRESENTEDBYAVECTORSUBSPACE,XI,WHICHISALSOCALLEDTHEREGRESSORORPREDICTORFORCLASSILETZBEANUNLABELEDTESTIMAGEANDOURPROBLEMISTOCLASSIFYZASONEOFTHECLASSESI?1,2,,NWETRANSFORMANDNORMALIZETHEGRAYSCALEIMAGEZTOANIMAGEVECTORYARQ?1ASDISCUSSEDFORTHEGALLERYIFYBELONGSTOTHEITHCLASSITSHOULDBEREPRESENTEDASALINEARCOMBINATIONOFTHETRAININGIMAGESFROMTHESAMECLASSLYINGINTHESAMESUBSPACEIEY?XIBITE,I?1,2,,ND7TWHEREBIARPI?1FROMTHEPERSPECTIVEOFFACERECOGNITIONTHETRAININGOFTHESYSTEMCORRESPONDSTOTHEDEVELOPMENTOFTHEEXPLANATORYVARIABLEDXITWHICHISNORMALLYDONEINACONTROLLEDENVIRONMENT,THEREFORETHEEXPLANATORYVARIABLECANSAFELYBEREGARDEDASNOISEFREETHEISSUEOFROBUSTNESSCOMESINTOPLAYWHENAGIVENTESTPATTERNISCONTAMINATEDWITHNOISEWHICHMAYARISEDUETOLUMINANCE,MALFUNCTIONINGOFTHESENSOR,CHANNELNOISE,ETCGIVENTHATQZPI,THESYSTEMOFEQUATIONSINEQ7ISWELLCONDITIONEDANDBIISESTIMATEDUSINGROBUSTHUBERESTIMATIONASDISCUSSEDINSECTION230BI?ARGMIN|FFLFFLFFLFFLFFL{ZFFLFFLFFLFFLFFL}BIARPIFDBIT?XQJ?1RDRJDBITT89,I?1,2,,ND8TWHERERJDBITISTHEJTHCOMPONENTOFTHERESIDUALRDBIT?Y?XIBI,I?1,2,,ND9TTHEESTIMATEDVECTOROFPARAMETERS,BI,ALONGWITHTHEPREDICTORSXIISUSEDTOPREDICTTHERESPONSEVECTORFOREACHCLASSIYI?XIBI,I?1,2,,ND10TWENOWCALCULATETHEDISTANCEMEASUREBETWEENTHEPREDICTEDRESPONSEVECTORYI,I?1,2,,NANDTHEORIGINALRESPONSEVECTORY,DIDYT?JY?YIJ2,I?1,2,,ND11TANDRULEINFAVOROFTHECLASSWITHMINIMUMDISTANCEIEMIN|FFL{ZFFL}IDIDYT,I?1,2,,ND12T4CASESTUDYFACERECOGNITIONINPRESENCEOFSEVEREILLUMINATIONVARIATIONSTHEPROPOSEDRLRCALGORITHMISEXTENSIVELYEVALUATEDONVARIOUSDATABASESINCORPORATINGSEVERALMODESOFLUMINANCEVARIATIONSINPARTICULARWEADDRESSTHREESTANDARDDATABASESNAMELYYALEFACEDATABASEB18,CMUPIEDATABASE45ANDARDATABASE46FORALLEXPERIMENTSIMAGESAREHISTOGRAMEQUALIZEDANDTRANSFORMEDTOLOGARITHMDOMAIN41YALEFACEDATABASEBYALEFACEDATABASEBCONSISTSOF10INDIVIDUALSWITH9POSESINCORPORATING64DIFFERENTILLUMINATIONALTERATIONSFOREACHINASEEMETAL/PATTERNRECOGNITION452012104–118106

簡介：JSYSTSCISYSTENGDEC2006154465473ISSN10043756PAPER18619576ONLINEDOI101007/S1151800650244CN112983/N?SYSTEMSENGINEERINGSOCIETYOFCHINASPRINGERVERLAG2006THERATEOFRETURNONCAPITALFORPENSIONSYSTEMINCHINA?YUNYUNJIANG1RUOENREN21,2SCHOOLOFECONOMICSANDMANAGEMENT,BEIHANGUNIVERSITY,BEIJING,100083,CHINA1JIANGYUNYUNBUAAEDUCN?2RUOEN8324VIPSINACOMABSTRACTTHERATEOFRETURNONCAPITALISAKEYPARAMETERINPENSIONREFORMPOLICYMAKINGWHILEEVALUATINGPENSIONREFORM,THEMETHODFELDSTEINPROPOSEDTOMEASURETHERATEOFRETURNONCAPITALISWIDELYADOPTEDHEREWECALCULATETHERATEOFRETURNONCAPITALINCHINABYTHISMETHODTHECALCULATIONDEMONSTRATESTHATTHERATEOFRETURNONALLTHEINDUSTRIALENTERPRISESISAROUND65PERCENTFROM1996TO2000,ANDTHEAVERAGERATEOFRETURNONSTATEOWNEDINDUSTRIALENTERPRISESISLOWERTHANTHEABOVEFIGUREBY15PERCENTDURINGTHESAMEPERIODFINALLY,WEDRAWACONCLUSIONTHATTHERATEOFRETURNRANGINGFROM5TO7PERCENTISAPPROPRIATEFORTHEPENSIONREFORMINCHINAKEYWORDSTHERATEOFRETURNONCAPITAL,PENSIONREFORM,INDIVIDUALACCOUNT?THISWORKWASSUPPORTEDINPARTBYNATIONALNATURESCIENCEFOUNDATIONOFCHINAKEYPROJECTUNDERGRANTNO705310101INTRODUCTIONASFARASTHEFOUNDATIONOFPENSIONISCONCERNED,CHINAISFARFROMMATURITYASMATTEROFFACT,THEIMBALANCEBETWEENINCOMEANDEXPENDITUREONPENSIONHASBEENAGGRAVATINGOVERPASTSEVERALYEARSASSTATISTICSSHOWS,THEREWERE5CITIESSUFFERINGFROMTHEIMBALANCEBETWEENINCOMEANDEXPENDITUREIN1997,BUTTHENUMBERSKYROCKETEDTO21IN1998,AND25IN1999MINISTRYOFLABORANDSOCIALSECURITY,PRC2001CONTRIBUTIONRATEFORPENSIONINCHINAWENTUPRAPIDLYFROM28PERCENTIN1978TO28PERCENTNOWADAYSWORLDBANK1997LIKEMANYOTHERCOUNTRIES,IT’SIMPERATIVEFORCHINATORESHAPEHERPENSIONSYSTEMSTATECOUNCILDOCUMENT26OF1997CALLEDFORTHEESTABLISHMENTOFPENSIONSYSTEMCOMBININGSOCIALPOOLINGWITHINDIVIDUALACCOUNTBYTHEENDOF20THCENTURYBUTNOFUNDCANBEDRAWNFROMTHEINDIVIDUALACCOUNTMENTIONEDHERE,INOTHERWORDS,ITISAPAYGOSYSTEMWITHNOMINALACCOUNTTHEREFORE,WESTILLFACEUPWITHTHEPROBLEMOFMAKINGCHOICESBETWEENUNFUNDEDSYSTEMANDFUNDEDSYSTEMTHERATEOFRETURNTHATEACHTYPEOFPENSIONSYSTEMPROVIDESPLAYSANIMPORTANTROLEINPENSIONSYSTEMSELECTIONIFPAYGOSYSTEMPROVIDESHIGHERRATEOFRETURNTHANFUNDEDSYSTEMDOES,ITMEANSTHECAPITALINCREASESINPAYGOSYSTEMMOREQUICKLYTHANFUNDEDJIANGANDRENJOURNALOFSYSTEMSSCIENCEANDSYSTEMSENGINEERING467ECONOMICCAPITALLACKINGINDATA,FELDSTEINETALONLYESTIMATEDTHERATEOFRETURNONAMERICANNONFINANCIALCORPORATECAPITALINUS,MANYMACROECONOMICDATAARECATEGORIZEDINTERMSOFNONFINANCIALENTERPRISES,FINANCIALINSTITUTIONS,GOVERNMENT,HOUSEHOLDSANDRESTOFTHEWORLDEUGENEROBERT2006HOWEVER,FEWMACROECONOMICDATAARECATEGORIZEDINCHINATHECATEGORYMETHODISADOPTEDONLYINFUNDFLOWTABLEINCHINAWHAT’SMORE,STATEOWNEDENTERPRISESAREINCORPORATEDINTOGOVERNMENTSECTORINUSINCHINA,NEVERTHELESS,STATEOWNEDENTERPRISESAREALLOCATEDBETWEENNONFINANCIALSECTORANDFINANCIALSECTOR,ANDMANYMACROECONOMICDATAARECATEGORIZEDINTERMSOFINDUSTRYINCHINASOTHATITISDIFFICULTANDMEANINGLESSTOESTIMATETHERATEOFRETURNONNONFINANCIALCORPORATECAPITALINCHINABECAUSEINDUSTRYOCCUPIESANIMPORTANTPOSITIONINOURECONOMYANDTHEDATAOFINDUSTRIALSECTORAREADEQUATE,WEDECIDETOESTIMATETHERATEOFRETURNONINDUSTRIALENTERPRISECAPITALINCHINAINDUSTRYINCHINAISALLOCATEDBETWEENSTATEOWNEDINDUSTRIALENTERPRISESANDNONSTATEOWNEDINDUSTRIALENTERPRISESINORDERTOCOMPARETHERATEOFRETURNONSTATEOWNEDINDUSTRIALENTERPRISESCAPITALWITHNONSTATEOWNEDINDUSTRIALENTERPRISESCAPITAL,WEWOULDCALCULATETHERATEOFRETURNONSTATEOWNEDINDUSTRIALCAPITALANDTOTALINDUSTRIALCAPITALINADDITION,WHENUSINGTHEMETHODFELDSTEINPROPOSED,WEMAKETHEFOLLOWINGADJUSTMENTSFIRSTLY,PROPERTYTAXESAREN’TINCORPORATEDINTOCAPITALINCOMEPROPERTYTAXESINUSAREBASEDONOWNERSHIPOFTHEPROPERTY,ANDAREPAYABLEREGARDLESSOFWHETHERTHEPROPERTYISUSEDORNOTANDWHETHERITGENERATESINCOMEFORTHEOWNERALTHOUGHTHESEFACTORSMAYAFFECTTHEASSESSEDVALUEHARVEY1986ASWEALLKNOW,NOPROPERTYTAXISLEVIEDINCHINA,ANDSEVERALCATEGORIESOFTAXESBELONGTOPROPERTYTAXCATEGORY,SUCHASTAXONTHEUSEOFVEHICLESANDSHIPS,TAXONREALESTATES,TAXONTHEUSEOFURBANLANDANDLANDVALUEADDEDTAXBUTTHEYAREN’TEQUIVALENTTOPROPERTYTAXINUSSOWEDON’TINCORPORATETHEMINTOCAPITALINCOMELIU2000SECONDLY,THEDATAOFNETINTERESTPAYMENTFROM1982TO1984,FROM1991TO1992ANDFROM1996TO2002CANBEFOUNDININDUSTRIALSTATISTICSREPORT,ANDTHEDATAIN1995CANBEFOUNDINTHETHIRDNATIONALINDUSTRIALCENSUSOFTHEPEOPLE’SREPUBLICOFCHINAIN1995SOWEONLYNEEDTOESTIMATENETINTERESTPAYMENTFROM1985TO1990AND1993TO19941THEDATAOFNETINDUSTRIALOUTPUTVALUEFROM1985TO1990CANBEFOUND,SOWECANCALCULATENETINTERESTPAYMENTINTHISWAYNETINDUSTRIALINTERESTPAYMENTNETINDUSTRIALOUTPUTVALUE–ACCRUEDPRODUCTSALESPROFITS–PRODUCTSALESTAXANDRELATEDPAYMENTSPAYABLE–WAGES–EXTRACHARGES2THEDATAOFNETINDUSTRIALOUTPUTVALUEANDWAGESCANBEDIRECTLYFOUNDINCHINASTATISTICSYEARBOOK,SOWEONLYNEEDESTIMATETHEDATAOFACCRUEDPRODUCTSALESPROFIT,PRODUCTSALESTAXANDRELATEDPAYMENTPAYABLEANDEXTRACHARGESACCRUEDPRODUCTSALESPROFITISNOTSIMILARTOPRODUCTSALESPROFITANDTOTALPROFITTOTALPROFITINCLUDESNOTONLYPRODUCTSALESPROFIT,BUTALSOOTHERPROFITSTEMMEDFROMNONMAINBUSINESSPRODUCTSALESPROFITINCLUDESTHEPROFITSTEMMEDFROMCURRENTPERIODSALESOFPRODUCTSPUTOUT

簡介：此文檔是畢業(yè)設(shè)計外文翻譯成品（含英文原文中文翻譯），無需調(diào)整復(fù)雜的格式下載之后直接可用，方便快捷本文價格不貴,也就幾十塊錢一輩子也就一次的事外文標題SEARCHENGINEOPTIMIZATIONRESEARCHFORWEBSITEPROMOTION外文作者MENGCUI,SONGYUNHU文獻出處2018INTERNATIONALCONFERENCEOFINFORMATIONTECHNOLOGY,COMPUTERENGINEERINGANDMANAGEMENTSCIENCES如覺得年份太老，可改為近2年，畢竟很多畢業(yè)生都這樣做英文3622單詞，23326字符字符就是印刷符，中文6020漢字。SEARCHENGINEOPTIMIZATIONRESEARCHFORWEBSITEPROMOTIONABSTRACTINORDERTOMAKETHESEARCHENGINETRANSFERINFORMATIONEFFICIENTLYANDACCURATELYANDDOTHISOPTIMIZATIONTOIMPROVETHEWEBSEARCHRANKING,BEGINNINGWITHUNDERSTANDINGTHEPRINCIPLEOFSEARCHENGINE,THISPAPEREXPORTSTHESPECIFICEXPLANATIONOFSEARCHENGINEOPTIMIZATIONANDTHENITINTRODUCESTHENEWWEBSITEBUILDINGCONCEPTSANDDESIGNCONCEPTSFORTHEPURPOSEOFTHECONSTRUCTIONOFSEARCHENGINEOPTIMIZATIONTHROUGHANEMPIRICALRESEARCHFROMTHEFIELDSOFTHEINTERNALCODINGMETHOD,THEWEBSITECONTENTREALIZABLEFORMANDWEBSITEOVERALLARCHITECTURE,THEPAPEREXPOUNDSSEARCHENGINEOPTIMIZATIONTOOLS,STRATEGIESANDMETHODS,ANDANALYSISTHENEWTHOUGHTTHATTHEENTERPRISEANDECOMMERCESITESWITHTHESEARCHENGINEDOTHEEFFECTIVEWEBSITEPROMOTIONANDWHENTHEUSERTHROUGHTHESEARCHENGINETOSEARCH,THEWEBSITECANGETAGOODRANKINGSPOSITIONINTHESEARCHRESULTS,SOASTOIMPROVETHESITETRAFFICANDFINALLYENHANCETHEWEBSITESALESABILITYORADVOCACYCAPACITYCOMPUTERPROGRAMTOGATHERINFORMATIONFROMTHEINTERNET,THENITORGANIZESANDPROCESSESINFORMATIONSEARCHEDINORDERTOPROVIDESEARCHSERVICEANDDISPLAYRELEVANTINFORMATIONTOUSERSASEARCHENGINECONSISTSOFFOURPARTSHUNTER,INDEXER,SEARCHERANDUSERSEARCHENGINEISNOTONLYTHENECESSARYFUNCTIONSINTHEWEBSITETOPROVIDECONVENIENCEFORUSERS,BUTALSOITISANEFFECTIVETOOLOFWEBUSERBEHAVIOREFFICIENTSEARCHENGINEALLOWSUSERSTOFINDTHETARGETINFORMATIONQUICKLYANDACCURATELYATPRESENT,THEMAJORINTERNETSEARCHENGINESAREGOOGLE,BAIDU,BING,YOUDAO,SOGOU,ANDSOONTHEEXCELLENTSEARCHENGINESHOULDHAVEFOURCHARACTERISTICSRAPID,ACCURATE,EASYTOUSEANDSTRONGQUERYSPEEDOFSEARCHENGINEISANIMPORTANTINDICATORTOENSURETHATTHEQUERYINFORMATIONISTHELATESTANDMOSTCOMPREHENSIVE,THEINTERNALOFEXCELLENTSEARCHTOOLSHOULDHAVEADATABASEWITHTIMEVARIABLEONTHEOTHERHAND,HIGHACCURACYISALSOTHEPURPOSEOFUSINGSEARCHENGINEITSHOULDCONTAINAFAIRLYACCURATESEARCHPROCESSINTHEINTERNALOFGOODSEARCHENGINETHEINFORMATIONTHATSEARCHPROCESSSEARCHEDHASHIGHPRECISIONANDMEETREQUIREMENTOFUSERINADDITION,EASYTOUSEISONEOFTHEREFERENCESTANDARDSINCHOOSINGSEARCHENGINETHEIMPORTANTFACTORSTOBECONSIDEREDINCHOOSINGSEARCHENGINEHAVETHEFOLLOWINGTWOASPECTSTHEONEFACTORISWHETHERTHESEARCHENGINECANSEARCHTHEENTIREINTERNET,NOTJUSTTHEWORLDWIDEWEBTHEOTHERONEISWHETHERTHESEARCHENGINECANCHANGETHELENGTHOFTHEDESCRIPTIONORCHANGETHENUMBEROFDISPLAYINGTHERESULTSPAGETHEIDEALSEARCHENGINESHOULDHAVEBOTHASIMPLEQUERYCAPABILITYANDADVANCEDSEARCHFUNCTIONSAFTERSEARCHRESULTSCOMEOUTADVANCEDQUERIESCANNARROWSEARCHINGRANGEANDLIMITDATE,LOCATIONANDDATATYPEANDSOONBASSORTMENTO?SEARCHENGINEACCORDINGTOTHEDIFFERENCEOFINFORMATIONCOLLECTIONMETHODSANDSERVICEPROVIDINGWAY,SEARCHENGINECANBEDIVIDEDINTOTHEFOLLOWINGSEVERALKINDSOFTYPESLFULLTEXTSEARCHENGINEFULLTEXTSEARCHENGINEISREALLYASEARCHENGINEFOREIGNDELEGATEISGOOGLE,THEDOMESTICWELLKNOWNONEISBAIDUSEARCHTHEYEXTRACTANYWEBSITEINFORMATIONFROMTHEINTERNET,ESTABLISHDATABASE,ANDRETRIEVETHERECORDSWHATMATCHWITHTHEUSERSQUERYCONDITION,RETURNRESULTACCORDINGTOCERTAINPERMUTATIONORDERACCORDINGTOTHEDIFFERENTSEARCHRESULTSSOURCE,FULLTEXTSEARCHENGINECANBEDIVIDEDINTOTWOCATEGORIESONECATEGORYHASITSOWNWEBGRAB,INDEXINGANDINDEXER,HASINDEPENDENT“SPIDER“PROGRAM,ORCRAWLER,OR“ROBOT“

簡介：此文檔是畢業(yè)設(shè)計外文翻譯成品（含英文原文中文翻譯），無需調(diào)整復(fù)雜的格式下載之后直接可用，方便快捷本文價格不貴,也就幾十塊錢一輩子也就一次的事外文標題DESIGNANDIMPLEMENTATIONONWORKFLOWBASEDMOBILEOFFICEAUTOMATION外文作者QIANZHANG,QINGQINGZHANGANDYUNZEWANG文獻出處APPLIEDMECHANICSANDMATERIALSVOLS5565622018PP61196122如覺得年份太老，可改為近2年，畢竟很多畢業(yè)生都這樣做英文1924單詞，12021字符字符就是印刷符，中文3061漢字。DESIGNANDIMPLEMENTATIONONWORKFLOWBASEDMOBILEOFFICEAUTOMATIONQIANZHANG,QINGQINGZHANGANDYUNZEWANGKEYWORDSOFFICEAUTOMATIONWORKFLOWWORKFLOWMANAGEMENTSYSTEMMOBILEDEVICESIOSABSTRACTOAOFFICEAUTOMATION,OAHASBEENDEVELOPEDRAPIDLYINTHE1970SANDINTRODUCEDINTOCHINAINTHE1990S,ITHASENTEREDTHEHIGHSPEEDDEVELOPMENTSTAGEWITHTHERAPIDDEVELOPMENTOFMOBILEINTERNETTECHNOLOGY,ITWILLBEATRENDTOAPPLYSUCHAHIGHTECHTOOFFICEAUTOMATIONMEANTIME,THEREHASINTRODUCEDTHEWORKFLOWDEVELOPMENTAPPROACHTODEVELOPMENTINTHEOVERALLSYSTEMIMPLEMENTATIONTHISTHESISPRESENTSSTRATEGYONDESIGNANDIMPLEMENTATIONONWORKFLOWBASEDMOBILEOFFICEAUTOMATIONWITHTHERAPIDDEVELOPMENTOFMOBILEINTERNETTECHNOLOGY,ITWILLBEATRENDTOAPPLYSUCHAHIGHTECHTOOFFICEAUTOMATIONMEANTIME,THEREHASINTRODUCEDTHEWORKFLOWDEVELOPMENTAPPROACHTODEVELOPMENTINTHEOVERALLSYSTEMIMPLEMENTATIONTHISTHESISPRESENTSSTRATEGYONDESIGNANDIMPLEMENTATIONONWORKFLOWBASEDONMOBILEOFFICEAUTOMATIONINTRODUCTIONTHECONCEPTOFWORKFLOWWORKFLOWORIGINATEDINTHEFIELDOFPRODUCTIONMANAGEMENTANDOFFICEAUTOMATION,ITSESSENCEISTHEWORKFLOWWORKORGANIZATIONACCORDINGTOCERTAINRULESOFLOGICANDTASKS,IMPLEMENTATION,ANDPUTTHECOMPUTERINTHISLOGICANDRULESWITHCERTAINMATHEMATICALMODELSDESIGNEDANDCONSTRUCTEDANDITSCALCULATIONSBACKGROUNDSOFGENERALAPPLICATIONWORKFLOWIMPLEMENTATIONARETHEUSEOFCOMPUTERSINORDERTOACHIEVEABUSINESSOBJECTIVE,AMONGANUMBEROFPARTICIPANTS,ACCORDINGTOPREDETERMINEDRULESAUTOMATICALLYPASSEDDOCUMENTS,INFORMATIONORTASKSSIMPLYPUT,BUSINESSPROCESSESCANBESEENASARIVER,THEWORKFLOWISINACCORDANCEWITHCERTAINRULESFORMUTUALCONVERGENCEPROCESSINGBUSINESSACTIVITIESTHEENTIREBUSINESSPROCESSCANBEREGARDEDASARIVER,WHICHFLOWINGTHROUGHTHERIVERISTHEWORKFLOWPARTOFAWORKFLOWBELONGCOMPUTERSUPPORTEDCOOPERATIVEWORKCOMPUTERSUPPORTEDCOOPERATIVEWORK,CSCWTHEPURPOSEOFWORKFLOWMANAGEMENTSYSTEMISTOACHIEVETHEMANAGEMENTPROCESSAUTOMATION,ISRESPONSIBLEFORTHEIMPLEMENTATIONOFWORKFLOWMANAGEMENTWORKFLOWMANAGEMENTSYSTEM,ISTHEORDEROFBUSINESSPROCESSESTOWORKOUTTHERULESOFABSTRACTIONTOSEPARATETHELOGICANDPROCESSESSPECIFICWORKORGANIZATIONDESIGNEDTOASSISTINTHEENTERPRISEMANAGEMENTSYSTEM,WORKFLOW,DEVELOPERSCANPROGRAMINTERFACEANDPROTOCOLPROCESSINGSYSTEMACCORDINGTODEVELOPAMOREFLEXIBLESYSTEMWHENEVENTUALLYCHANGEBUSINESSPROCESSES,USERSDONOTNEEDTOREDEVELOPTHETRANSACTIONPROCESSINGSYSTEM,THEYCANCHANGETHEIRWORKFLOWANALYSISDEMANDFORMOBILEOFFICESOFTWARESYSTEMSDURINGDEVELOPMENTOFFICESOFTWARESYSTEMS,PROGRAMMERSMUSTBESTRICTLYBUSINESSPROCESSESANDCORPORATEOFFICE,CONSISTENTWITHTHEDESIGNANDDEVELOPMENTREQUIREMENTSACCORDINGTOTHEACTUALNEEDSOFUSERS,INACCORDANCEWITHTHEOVERALLPLANNING,CONSTRUCTION,SUPPORTTHEPRINCIPLEOFDEVELOPMENTDEVELOPMENTOFSOFTWARESYSTEMSREQUIRESACERTAINPERIOD,ATEACHSTEPOFTHECYCLE,THEYSHOULDENSURETHEQUALITYOFTHEDEVELOPERREQUIREDTOUSEAVARIETYOFPRODUCTIVITYTOOLS,EACH6120MECHATRONICSENGINEERING,COMPUTINGANDINFORMATIONTECHNOLOGYOFFICEAUTOMATIONINFORMATIONSYSTEMISIMPLEMENTEDINTHESAMEENTERPRISEINFORMATIONPLATFORMFILES,OTHERASPECTSOFPERSONNEL,INFORMATIONTRANSMISSIONANDINTEGRATEDMANAGEMENTINORDERTOAVOIDTHEELIMINATIONOFINTERNALCOMMUNICATIONSTOSHAREINFORMATIONBETWEENCOMPANIESANDEMPLOYEES,BETWEENSUPERIORSANDSUBORDINATES,COLLABORATIVEOFFICEITSMAINPURPOSEISTOIMPROVETHEENTERPRISEMANAGEMENTLEVELANDIMPROVESTAFFEFFICIENCYASTHEULTIMATEGOALIOSBASEDSYSTEMDESIGNEXPERIENCEDEVELOPINGOFFICEAUTOMATIONSYSTEM,WESHOULDFOLLOWTHEFOLLOWINGDESIGNPRINCIPLES1DESIGNEDTOMEETTHENEEDSOFMOBILEDEVICEAPPLICATIONS2MEMORY,MINIMIZINGTHEUSEOFNETWORKRESOURCES,OPTIMIZATION3DESIGN,ASDIRECTSUPPORTFORAPPLICATIONDEVELOPMENTUSINGIOSTECHNOLOGIESANDPROPRIETARYTECHNOLOGY4USINGALAYEREDARCHITECTURE,DESIGNFULLYDECOUPLEDSUPPORTSOMETECHNOLOGYUPGRADES,FUNCTIONALANDEASYTOEXPAND5ONTHEEFFICIENCYANDPERFORMANCEGUARANTEE,YOUCANUSETHIRDPARTYDEVELOPMENTKITSIOS6SOFTWARESECURITYISNOTLESSTHANTHEORIGINALBUSINESSSYSTEM7THEPRINCIPLEOFCONSISTENCYUSEREXPERIENCECONSISTENCY,CONSISTENCYSHOULDFOCUSONTHEUSERINTERFACELEVEL,FLOW,METHODSOFOPERATION,PAGELAYOUTEXPERIENCETHROUGHPRACTICALRESEARCHINSCHOOLSFOUNDTHATSCHOOLSWANTTOUNDERSTANDTHEDIFFERENTEMPLOYEESAFTERLOGGINGSYSTEM,FORTHEINFORMATIONCONTENTOFTHEIROWNAUTHORITYATAGLANCE,INCLUDINGTHEIROWNBUSINESSPROCESSESTOBETREATED,WORK,ANDPUBLICRELEASEOFINFORMATION,SOTHATWECANLETSTAFFINITIATIVETOUNDERSTAND,DEALWITHTHEIROWNWORK,ITISREASONABLETOARRANGETHEVARIOUSPARTSOFTHEIROWNWORKINGHOURSWITHTHERAPIDDEVELOPMENTOFNETWORKTECHNOLOGY,IOSBASEDOFFICESYSTEMSCANMAKELEADERSANYWHERECANHANDLEAVARIETYOFDOCUMENTSTOSIGN,CANEFFICIENTLYHANDLEAVARIETYOFROUTINEHELPEDLEADTHECOMPLEXWORKUSINGREASONABLEWORKFLOWMANUALTRANSMISSIONCANMAXIMIZESAVINGSTIMEOVERALLSYSTEMDESIGNPROCESSIOSSOFTWARERUNNINGONTHESYSTEMPLATFORM,HOSTEDONMOBILEDEVICES,INCLUDINGMOBILEPHONESANDTABLETSSOFTWAREDESIGNGOALSOASYSTEMIMPLEMENTEDONTHEPARTOFIOSSOFTWAREFEATURES,FUNCTIONALITYANDUSERINTERFACEDESIGNINLI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簡介：此文檔是畢業(yè)設(shè)計外文翻譯成品（含英文原文中文翻譯），無需調(diào)整復(fù)雜的格式下載之后直接可用，方便快捷本文價格不貴,也就幾十塊錢一輩子也就一次的事外文標題CHARACTERISTICSOFCOLLEGESTUDENTSINTERNETCONSUMPTIONANDENTERPRISESSTRATEGIESINEMARKETING外文作者ZHAOTIANCHENG文獻出處CONFERENCEONENVIRONMENTALSCIENCEANDINFORMATIONAPPLICATIONTECHNOLOGY,2010如覺得年份太老，可改為近2年，畢竟很多畢業(yè)生都這樣做英文2450單詞，16883字符字符就是印刷符，中文4200漢字。CHARACTERISTICSOFCOLLEGESTUDENTSINTERNETCONSUMPTIONANDENTERPRISESSTRATEGIESINEMARKETINGASACURRENTCOLLEGESTUDENTANDBASEDONHISOWNINTERNETCONSUMPTIONEXPERIENCE,THEAUTHORPOINTSOUTTHECHARACTERISTICSOFCOLLEGESTUDENTSINTERNETCONSUMPTIONANDITSCHANGESAFTERTHEANALYSISOFVARIOUSDATAHEUTILIZESTHEECONOMICPRINCIPLESANDEMARKETINGKNOWLEDGETOINDICATETHATENTERPRISESSHOULDTIMELYTAKEPRACTICALCOPINGSTRATEGIESWHENCONDUCTINGEMARKETING,INADDITION,SPECIFICSTRATEGIESAREALSOGIVENTOENTERPRISESFROMVARIOUSPERSPECTIVESANDFINALLYSOMERATIONALPROPOSALSAREPUTFORWARDSFORTHEDEVELOPMENTOFENTERPRISESKEYWORDSCOLLEGESTUDENTS,INTERNETCONSUMPTION,ELECTRONICMARKETINGEMARKETING,STRATEGYIINTRODUCTIONTHERAPIDDEVELOPMENTOFINTERNETTECHNOLOGYMAKESTHEFOURTHMEDIUMNETWORKOCCUPYANIMPORTANTPOSITIONINPEOPLESLIVESLIKEOTHER3MEDIUMSNEWSPAPERS,RADIOANDTELEVISIONINRECENTYEARS,EMERGINGINTERNETCONSUMINGINDUSTRYISSTANDINTHEINCONSTANTMARKETOFFIERCECOMPETITIONMUSTGIVEACONSTANTATTENTIONTOTHECONSUMPTIONCHARACTERISTICSOFCOLLEGESTUDENTSANDTAKEACTIVECOPINGSTRATEGIESSOASTOREALIZETHELADDERTYPEGROWTHINCORPORATEPROFITSIICHARACTERISTICSOFCOLLEGESTUDENTS’INTERNETCONSUMPTIONGENERALLYSPEAKING,THEBEHAVIOROFONLINECONSUMPTIONINCOLLEGESTUDENTSCANBEDIVIDEDINTOTWOCATEGORIESVIRTUALCONSUMPTIONANDINTERNETTRANSACTIONSVIRTUALCONSUMPTIONMAINLYREFERSTOTHECONSUMERBEHAVIORINONLINEGAMESWITHVIRTUALPRODUCTASCONSUMEROBJECTSINCOMPARISON,ONLINETRANSACTIONSHAVEABROADERSCOPE,TOWHICHANYREALONLINECONSUMERBEHAVIORSBELONGSPECIFICALLYSPEAKING,ASTHENEWLEADINGGROUPOFSOCIALTRENDS,COLLEGESTUDENTSAREKEENTOTHECONVENIENCE,LOWPRICEANDDIVERSITYTHATBROUGHTBYONLINECONSUMPTIONADIVERSIFIEDCONSUMINGDEMANDCOLLEGESTUDENTSHAVEBOTHTHENEEDOFBASICMEANSOFSUBSISTENCE,ASWELLASCONSUMPTIONOFLEARNING,SOCIALINTERACTION,ENTERTAINMENT,COMMUNICATIONS,ANDLOVEWHATTHECOLLEGESTUDENTSCANDOMINATEISTHELIVINGEXPENSESSUPPLIEDBYPARENTSYOUNGPEOPLE’SINTERESTSAREMANIFOLDANDTHEIRSOCIALINTERCOURSESAREALSOCOMPLEX,SOTHEIRCONSUMINGTYPESOWNTHEFEATURESOFMULTIPLICITYANDCOMPLEXITYTHECONSUMINGFEATUREOFDIVERSITYESPECIALLYEMBODIESININTERNETCONSUMPTIONINTERNETGAMEISANINDISPENSABLEENTERTAINMENTACTIVITYINCOLLEGESTUDENTS’LIFE,SOLARGENUMBEROFVIRTUALCONSUMPTIONAPPEARSWITHTHERISEOFINTERNETBOOKSTORESSUCHASZHUOYUEANDDANGDANG,COUPLEDWITHLOWPRICESANDCONVENIENTLOGISTICS,INTERNETBOOKPURCHASEHASBECOMEONEOFFASHIONLIFESTYLESFORCOLLEGESTUDENTSBESIDES,THEREAREVARIOUSCOMMODITIESSALEINTERNETINCLUDINGCLOTHES,MP3,CAMERA,COMPUTERANDETCTHEREFORE,DIVERSIFIEDINTERNETCONSUMPTIONHASCOVEREDALMOSTALLCONSUMINGAREASBCONSUMPTIONBANDWAGONEFFECTCONFORMITYBANDWAGONEFFECTISAPSYCHOLOGICALCHANGEPROCESSTHATPEOPLECONSCIOUSLYORUNCONSCIOUSLYCONSIDERTHEOPINIONOFMAJORITYASTHECRITERIONTOJUDGEANDFORM

簡介：此文檔是畢業(yè)設(shè)計外文翻譯成品（含英文原文中文翻譯），無需調(diào)整復(fù)雜的格式下載之后直接可用，方便快捷本文價格不貴,也就幾十塊錢一輩子也就一次的事外文標題PROTECTIONANDUTILIZATIONOFTHEANCIENTBUILDINGLINKINHISTORYANDFUTURE外文作者WEIMO,YABINGCAI文獻出處ADVANCEDMATERIALSRESEARCHVOLUMES518523，201244734476如覺得年份太老，可改為近2年，畢竟很多畢業(yè)生都這樣做英文2024單詞，11001字符，中文3144漢字。PROTECTIONANDUTILIZATIONOFTHEANCIENTBUILDINGLINKINHISTORYANDFUTUREKEYWORDSANCIENTBUILDING,PROTECTION,UTILIZATION,USE,EXPANSIONABSTRACTTHROUGHSTUDYDIALECTICALRELATIONBETWEENPROTECTIONANDUTILIZATIONOFTHEANCIENTBUILDINGS,THEYCOMPLEMENTEACHOTHERANDPROMOTEWESHOULDBECLEARPRINCIPLESOFPROTECTINGTHEANCIENTBUILDINGS,RATIONALUSEANDDEVELOPTHEVALUEOFTHEANCIENTBUILDINGSANDACHIEVESUSTAINABLEDEVELOPMENTINTRODUCTIONANCIENTBUILDINGSTANDFORTHEMEMORYOFTHECITY,ASYMBOLOFURBANDEVELOPMENTANDTHEUPSANDDOWNS,ISAHEAVYANCIENTHISTORYANDCULTURE,FROMWHICHWECANFINDTHESOULOFCHINESEARCHITECTUREANCIENTBUILDINGSOFTHELONGHISTORYDATINGAREVERYIMPORTANTCULTURALHERITAGEANDALSOVERYIMPORTANTECONOMYHOWTOKEEPTHEANCIENTHISTORYANDCULTUREAVAILABLEFORFUTUREGENERATIONS,ANDPROMOTE,WHICHINVOLVESTHEPROTECTIONOFTHEBUILDINGANDUTILIZINGTHEPROTECTIONANDUSEOFTHEANCIENTBUILDINGANCIENTPROTECTIONSHOULDBEVARIED,ACCORDINGTOEXISTINGINFORMATIONANDTHEANCIENTHISTORYNOW,WESHOULDESTABLISHDIFFERENTPROTECTIONSCHEMETHENATUREOFTHEHISTORICALBUILDINGS,SUCHASTHERUINSOFYUANMINGYUAN,WEDONOTNEEDSUPERFLUOUSTOREBUILDITTHEREARESOMEHISTORICALBUILDINGS,NOTONLYHASACERTAINMEMORABLE,BUTALSOCONTINUETOPLAYAROLEINCARRYINGCAPABILITIESTOMEETTHENEEDSOFMODERNPEOPLEUNDERSPECIFICCIRCUMSTANCES,SUCHAHISTORICALBUILDINGSINTHEFORM,ANDMAYALSOADOPTNEWTECHNOLOGYANDNEWCRAFTINSHANGHAI“SHIKUMEN”THEOLDBUILDINGSWEREINJECTEDINTOVOGUEELEMENTSANDREFORMAS“NEWFIELD”ANDALEADINGINTERNATIONALLEISURE,CULTURE,RECREATIONCENTERSLIJIANGINYUNNANAFTERTHEEARTHQUAKERECONSTRUCTIONANDRETURNOFSUCCESSINTHEWORLDCULTURALHERITAGE,AFAMOUSTOURISTRESORTZHOUZHUANG,WUZHEN,TONGLI,NANXUNINZHEJIANGSUCCESSFULDEVELOPMENTOFJIANGNANWATERCOUNTRYTHEOLDTOWNANDTOURISMBOOMANCIENTUSEOFMETHODSANDPRINCIPLESBUILDINGOFTHEPROTECTIONOFTHEOBJECTIVEISTOUSE,WHICHISINORDERTOBETTERPROTECTIONCLEARANCIENTUSEOFMETHODSANDPRINCIPLES,TOCORRECTLYHANDLERELATIONSWITHTHEPROTECTIONOFSYNDROMEDIFFERENTIATION“RESEARCHBUILDINGSOFHISTORICALANDCULTURALRELICSPROTECTIONWORKWITHTHEONLYLOGICALTHINGTHEREISNODOUBTTHATTHEPROTECTIONOFCULTURALRELICSANDREPAIRTHEOLDHOUSEFROMTHEMAINMETHODISTOSTRENGTHENTHEPROTECTIONOFUNDERSTANDING,WHICHISINSEPARABLEFROMTHESTUDYOFARCHITECTUREBUTINCULTURALRELICSPROTECTIONINTERMSOFEXPERTISEANDKNOWLEDGEOFHISTORYISNOTENOUGH,BUTMOREIMPORTANTTOESTABLISHACORRECTCONCEPTOFPROTECTIONTHISISCLEARLYTHELOGICALMUSTACQUIREKNOWLEDGEANDKNOWTHELOGICALONLYBYADEEPUNDERSTANDINGOFHISTORYCANHAVEBOTHCHINESEANDFOREIGNCOUNTRIESALLAGREED”1CORRECTIDEASCOMEFROMTHEPROTECTIONOFTHETHEORYANDPRACTICELAW,ANDTHROUGHPRACTICEANDTIMEOFTHEINSPECTIONCERTIFICATEISCORRECTANCIENTUSEOFFORMSPROTECTIONISTOUSE,THEUSEOFTHEFORMSCANBEDIVERSIFIEDWESHOULDLETTHEANCIENTBUILDINGSOFHISTORICALANDCULTURALVALUESREFLECTEDIN,ANDBEENHANCED,BUTALSOCONSIDERTHEUSEOFMODERNNEEDS,WITHINNOVATIVEIDEAS,CREATIVEIDEAS,INNOVATIVEMEANSTOENHANCETHEVALUEOFTHETIMESOFANCIENTBUILDINGSTHEUSEOFANCIENTBUILDINGSMAINLYINTHEFOLLOWINGTYPES

簡介：此文檔是畢業(yè)設(shè)計外文翻譯成品（含英文原文中文翻譯），無需調(diào)整復(fù)雜的格式下載之后直接可用，方便快捷本文價格不貴,也就幾十塊錢一輩子也就一次的事外文標題PM25MONITORINGSYSTEMBASEDONZIGBEEWIRELESSSENSORNETWORK外文作者LUKAILIN,XIANGSHUNLIANDWEIYINGGU文獻出處INTERNATIONALCONFERENCEONADVANCESINENERGY,ENVIRONMENTANDCHEMICALENGINEERING,2017如覺得年份太老，可改為近2年，畢竟很多畢業(yè)生都這樣做英文2524單詞，13854字符，中文3648漢字。PM25MONITORINGSYSTEMBASEDONZIGBEEWIRELESSSENSORNETWORKABSTRACTINTHEVIEWOFTHEHAZEPROBLEM,AIMINGATIMPROVINGTHEDEFICIENCYOFTHETRADITIONALPM25MONITORINGMETHODS,SUCHASTHEINSUFFICIENTREALTIMEMONITORING,LIMITEDTRANSMISSIONDISTANCE,HIGHCOSTANDTHEDIFFICULTYTOMAINTAIN,THEATMOSPHEREPM25MONITORINGSYSTEMBASEDONZIGBEETECHNOLOGYISDESIGNEDTHESYSTEMCOMBINESTHEADVANTAGESOFZIGBEE’SLOWCOST,LOWPOWERCONSUMPTION,HIGHRELIABILITYANDGPRS/INTERNET’SCAPABILITYOFREMOTETRANSMISSIONOFDATAFURTHERMORE,ITADOPTSTI’SZSTACKPROTOCOLSTACK,ANDSELECTSCC2530CHIPANDTI’SMSP430MICROCONTROLLERASTHECORE,WHICHESTABLISHESTHEAIRPOLLUTIONMONITORINGNETWORKTHATISHELPFULFORTHEEARLYPREDICTIONOFMAJORAIRPOLLUTIONDISASTERS1INTRODUCTIONPM25REFERSTOPARTICLESTHATCANBESUSPENDEDINTHEAIRFORALONGTIMEINTHEAIRWITHANAERODYNAMICEQUIVALENTDIAMETERLESSTHANOREQUALTO25MICRONSDUETOTHESMALLPARTICLESIZE,LARGEAREA,STRONGACTIVITY,EASINESSTOCARRYTOXICANDHARMFULSUBSTANCESSUCHASHEAVYMETALS,MICROORGANISMS,ETC,PM25HASAGREATIMPACTONHUMANHEALTHANDAIRENVIRONMENT1INADDITION,THECONTINUEDACCUMULATIONOFPM25CONCENTRATIONEASILYLEADTOAWIDERANGEOFFOGANDHAZEWEATHERINCHINA,MONITORINGSYSTEMBASEDONZIGBEEANDGPRSISBUILTTHESYSTEMDIAGRAMISSHOWNINFIG1FIG1SYSTEMDIAGRAM3HARDWARECOMPONENTS31WIRELESSTRANSCEIVERMODULEASSHOWNINFIG2,THEDESIGNOFTHETERMINALACQUISITIONNODEISMAINLYCOMPOSEDOFCC2530MODULEBASEDONTEXASINSTRUMENTANDRFPOWERAMPLIFIERMODULECC2591THECC2530ISATRUESYSTEMONACHIPSOLUTIONFOR24GHZIEEE802154,ZIGBEEANDRF4CEAPPLICATIONSITCOMBINESTHELEADINGRFTRANSCEIVERWITHEXCELLENTPERFORMANCEANDINDUSTRYENHANCED8051CPU,ENABLINGTOBUILDASTRONGNETWORKATAVERYLOWTOTALCOSTOFMATERIAL4CC2591ISALOWCOSTHIGHPERFORMANCERFFRONTENDFOR24GHZBAND,WHICHINTEGRATESPOWERAMPLIFIERS,LOWNOISEAMPLIFIERS,BALANCEDCONVERTERSANDRFMATCHINGNETWORKS,ETCWITHTHEUSEOFCC2530,ITSDATATRANSMISSIONRANGECANBEEXTENDEDTO600METERS

簡介：此文檔是畢業(yè)設(shè)計外文翻譯成品（含英文原文中文翻譯），無需調(diào)整復(fù)雜的格式下載之后直接可用，方便快捷本文價格不貴,也就幾十塊錢一輩子也就一次的事外文標題FEASIBILITYANDIMPORTANCEOFANAUTOMATICCONTROLLERFORSOLARHOTWATERSYSTEM外文作者MRHASAN,ARAHMAN,AAZAD文獻出處IEEEGLOBALHUMANITARIANTECHNOLOGYCONFERENCE,2011如覺得年份太老，可改為近2年，畢竟很多畢業(yè)生都這樣做英文3702單詞，22013字符，中文5262漢字。FEASIBILITYANDIMPORTANCEOFANAUTOMATICCONTROLLERFORSOLARHOTWATERSYSTEMMRHASAN,ARAHMAN,AAZADABSTRACTBEINGADEVELOPINGCOUNTRY,BANGLADESHHASAVERYPOORCONDITIONINTERMSOFGENERATINGELECTRICITYALONGSIDE,NATURALRESOURCESLIKEFUELANDCOALAREINLIMITEDAMOUNTANDWILLNOTBEABLETOSUSTAINFOREVERASARESULT,SUSTAINABLEENERGYISSTARTINGTOGAINITSPOPULARITYINBANGLADESHBEINGAGEOGRAPHICALLYSUITABLECOUNTRYFORHARVESTING,SOLARENERGYCANBEAPRIMESOURCEOFGENERATINGELECTRICITYINBANGLADESHINAGREENWAYGENERATINGELECTRICITYINCOMMERCIALSCALEUSINGSOLARPANELSCANTAKEAFEWYEARSBECAUSEOFTHEPANELSBEINGVERYEXPENSIVEBUTANOTHERWAYTOUTILIZETHISENERGYISBYUSINGITTOHEATUPWATERHOSPITALS,INDUSTRIES,HOUSEHOLDS–ANYKINDOFINFRASTRUCTUREREQUIRESHOTWATERANDALOTOFELECTRICITYANDGASISBEINGUSEDUPFORTHATKEEPINGTHATINMIND,THISPROJECTFORDEVELOPINGANAUTOMATICSOLARHOTWATERSYSTEMWASCOMMENCEDANDCOMPLETEDSOLARHOTWATERSYSTEMSAREALSOGROWINGINBANGLADESHBUTTHEAUTOMATICCONTROLLERTHATWEHAVEDEVELOPEDISANEWCONCEPTHERETHECONTROLLERMAKESTHESYSTEMUSERFRIENDLY,REQUIRESLESSINTERACTIONWITHHUMANSANDPROVIDESUNINTERRUPTEDHOTWATERWITHLEASTMAINTENANCESOLARHOTWATERSYSTEMAMONGTHEUSERTOMOREEXTENDTHEREAREVARIOUSCONTROLLERS4567891011ALREADYINTHEMARKETBUTNOTINBANGLADESHTHOSECONTROLLERSAREMAINLYFORAUTOMATIONININDUSTRIESBECAUSEOFTHEIRCOMPLEXITYBASEDONPROGRAMMABLELOGICCONTROLLERPLCANDPROPORTIONALINTEGRALDERIVATEPIDCONTROLLER,THESECONTROLLERSARENOTFORTECHNICALLYUNSOUNDPEOPLEBESIDES,THEREPLACEMENTFORSUCHCONTROLLERSISVERYEXPENSIVETABLEIAMMOUNTOFISOLATIONPERMONTHMONTHISOLATIONJULY409AUGUST402SEPTEMBER395OCTOBER443NOVEMBER437DECEMBER407JANUARY429JANUARY518MARCH596APRIL583MAY528JUNE449THEMOTIVEOFTHISPROJECTWASTODEVELOPTHECONTROLLERINSUCHAWAYTHATITCANBEUSEDFORBOTHINDUSTRIALANDDOMESTICPURPOSETHEUSERINTERFACEOFTHECONTROLLERHASBEENMADEASUSERFRIENDLYASPOSSIBLEALLTHECOMPONENTSOFTHECONTROLLERSAREEASILYAVAILABLEINTHECOUNTRYANDHENCELARGESCALEPRODUCTIONOFITISALSOPOSSIBLE,THUSSAVINGHUGEAMOUNTOFMONEYREQUIREDFOREXPORTINGTHECONTROLLERSFROMABROAD

簡介：此文檔是畢業(yè)設(shè)計外文翻譯成品（含英文原文中文翻譯），無需調(diào)整復(fù)雜的格式下載之后直接可用，方便快捷本文價格不貴,也就幾十塊錢一輩子也就一次的事外文標題DISRUPTIVEMARKETINGSTRATEGY外文作者GTOMASMHULT,DAVIDJKETCHENJR文獻出處ACADEMYOFMARKETINGSCIENCEREVIEW7OCTOBERJUNE2019如覺得年份太老，可改為近2年，畢竟很多畢業(yè)生都這樣做英文3369單詞，22244字符字符就是印刷符，中文4906漢字。DISRUPTIVEMARKETINGSTRATEGYABSTRACTDISRUPTIVEMARKETINGSTRATEGYISAPROCESSBYWHICHVALUABLEMARKETINGACTIVITIESTAKEROOTINITIALLYINAPPLICATIONSWITHINADEPARTMENTORFUNCTIONINANORGANIZATIONANDTHENRELENTLESSLYMOVEACROSSACOMPANY’SINTERNALDEPARTMENTS/FUNCTIONS,EVENTUALLYCONNECTINGWITHEXTERNALCOMPANIESTOENSURETHATMARKETBASEDVALUECREATIONISDELIVEREDTOTHECOMPANY’SPRIMARYSTAKEHOLDERSUNDERSTANDINGMARKETBASEDVALUECREATIONINTHEFIELDOFMARKETINGHASCENTERED,TOALARGEDEGREE,ONMARKETORIENTATIONSTUDIESVIAFIELDBASED,DISCOVERYORIENTEDRESEARCHINSOMEWAYS,MARKETORIENTATION–WHILEVIEWEDASTHEIMPLEMENTATIONOFTHEMARKETINGCONCEPT–BECAMEADISRUPTIVEMARKETINGSTRATEGYFORMANYORGANIZATIONSTHATIS,MARKETINGSTARTEDTOPERMEATEALLASPECTSOFANORGANIZATION,ANDEVENBECAMEABOUNDARYSPANNINGPHENOMENONCONNECTINGMULTIPLECOMPANIESTHEACTIVITIESINMARKETINGMOVEDBEYONDTHEIRTRADITIONALHOMEDEPARTMENTANDTHEMARKETINGFUNCTIONBECAMECROSSDEPARTMENTALANDEVEN,INSOMECASES,CROSSCOMPANYFOCUSEDWHEREDOWEGONEXTDISRUPTIVEMARKETINGSTRATEGYWILLHELPTHEFIELDANDPRACTICEOFMARKETINGEVOLVEKEYWORDSDISRUPTIVEMARKETINGSTRATEGYMARKETORIENTATIONMARKETINGORGANIZATIONSUSTAINABILITYBOUNDARYSPANNINGMARKETINGORGANIZATIONMUCHOFTHENEEDFORACONTINUOUSDISRUPTIVEMARKETINGLENSCANBEEXPLAINEDBYTHENEEDFORACONTEMPORARYFITAMONGBUSINESSSTRATEGY,MARKETINGORGANIZATIONSTRUCTURE,ANDSTRATEGICBEHAVIOROLSONETAL2005MARKETINGDRIVENSUPPLYCHAINOPERATIONSKOZLENKOVAETAL2015ANDCOMPANIES’CONSTANTSTRIVINGFORSUPERIORMARKETINGPERFORMANCEKATSIKEASETAL2016LAYEREDTOGETHER,AFOCUSONINTERNALANDEXTERNALMARKETINGACTIVITIESDAY1994WITHINTHESTRUCTUREOFTHECORECUSTOMERVALUECREATINGPROCESSESOFPRODUCTDEVELOPMENTMANAGEMENT,CUSTOMERRELATIONSHIPMANAGEMENT,ANDSUPPLYCHAINMANAGEMENTEG,LEHMANNANDJOCZ1997SRIVASTAVAETAL1999ATTHELEVELOFCOMPLEXITYINHERENTINANORGANIZATION’SNETWORKARRANGEMENTSACHROLANDKOTLER1999MAKEUPTHEPILLARSOFTHETHEORYOFTHEBOUNDARYSPANNINGMARKETINGORGANIZATIONHULT2011AASSHOWNINFIG1,THISTHEORYBUILDSONTHESYNERGYTHATEXISTSANDSHOULDBEDRAWNOUTBETWEENMARKETINGANDORGANIZATIONTHEORYKETCHENANDHULT2011EMPHASIZINGACTIVITIESINSTEADOFTHEMARKETINGFUNCTIONORDEPARTMENTALSOALLOWSMARKETINGTOINFILTRATETHEWHOLEORGANIZATIONHOMBURGANDPFLESSER2000,ORATLEASTLARGEPARTSOFIT,ANDSERVESTOFUSETOGETHERTHEBNETWORKOFSPECIALIZEDORGANIZATIONSTHATHAVEBECOMETHEORGANIZATIONSOFTHEFUTUREACHROL1991,P78THISBACTIVITIESFOCUSCANBESAIDTOHAVEBEENTHEMOTIVATIONFORTHEMARKETINGFIELD’SEXPONENTIALINCREASEINATTENTIONTOMARKETORIENTATIONTHATSTARTEDINFULLEFFECTABOUTTHREEDECADESAFTERKEITH’S1960BMARKETINGCOMPANYRESEARCHBASICALLY,THEIMPLEMENTATIONOFTHEMARKETINGCONCEPT–WHICHWEHAVECOMETOCALLBMARKETORIENTATION–BECAMEINVOGUEINTHELATE1980SEG,SHAPIRO1988DUETOTHEFUNDAMENTALIMPORTANCEATTRIBUTEDTOTHEMARKETINGCONCEPTINITIALLYANDMARKETORIENTATIONLATERON,NUMEROUSRESEARCHPROJECTSHAVEDEFINEDTHECONSTRUCTSRELATEDTOTHEPHENOMENONANDEXPLOREDTHEIRAPPLICATIONANDIMPLEMENTATIONINBUSINESSWITHMORETHAN1000ARTICLESPUBLISHEDONMARKETORIENTATIONSINCE1990,ASPOINTEDOUTBYJAWORSKIANDKOHLI2017FIVEPERSPECTIVESONMARKETORIENTATIONAROUNDTHELATE1980SANDEARLY1990S,THEMARKETINGLITERATUREASSUMEDTHATTHEBMARKETINGCONCEPTWASPRESENT,IMPORTANT,ANDVIABLEASASTRATEGICPOSITIONINGFORCOMPANIESLAFFERTYANDHULT2001ASARESULT,THEFIELDLARGELYMOVEDONTOMARKET