簡介：INTRODUCTIONEMBANKMENTDAMSAREMADEOFEARTHORROCKINTERNALEROSIONISONEOFTHEMAJORCAUSESOFEMBANKMENTDAMFAILURESRESISTIVITYMEASUREMENTSMAYHAVETHEPOSSIBILITYOFDETECTINGINTERNALEROSIONPROCESSESANDANOMALOUSSEEPAGEATANEARLYSTAGEBEFORETHESAFETYOFTHEDAMISATSTAKETHETECHNIQUEISESSENTIALLYNONDESTRUCTIVE,WHICHISPARTICULARLYIMPORTANTWHENWORKINGWITHEMBANKMENTDAMSWHEREDRILLINGANDOTHERPENETRATINGINVESTIGATIONSAREPREFERABLYAVOIDEDTHISPAPERPRESENTSRESULTSFROMPARTOFADAMSAFETYINVESTIGATIONCONDUCTEDATTHEENEMOSSENTAILINGSDAMINSOUTHERNSWEDENTAILINGSDAMSAREATYPEOFEMBANKMENTDAMTHATIMPOUNDSMININGWASTETHEMININGWASTE,WHICHCONSISTSOFFINEGRAINEDWASTEMATERIALSLEFTAFTERMECHANICALORCHEMICALSEPARATIONOFMINERALSFROMCRUSHEDORE,ISTYPICALLYPUMPEDINTOASTORAGERESERVOIRANDTHETAILINGSDAMSAREBUILTTOHOLDTHESEVOLUMESINPLACETHEAIMOFTHISSTUDYWASTOEXAMINETHEEXTENTOFTHEDAMAGEAROUNDTHELATESTREPORTEDSINKHOLEANDTOEXAMINETHEINTEGRITYOFTHEENTIREDAMSINORDERTODETECTOTHERDEFICIENCIESTHEINVESTIGATIONCOMPRISEDTEMPERATURE,RESISTIVITY,INDUCEDPOLARISATIONIPANDSELFPOTENTIALSPMEASUREMENTSTOGETHERWITHSTANDARDVISUALINSPECTIONSANDPIEZOMETERREADINGSPARTOFTHERESULTSFROMTHERESISTIVITYMEASUREMENTSWILLBEPRESENTEDHEREMEASURINGTEMPERATUREOVERTIMEISAPOWERFULANDSENSITIVEWAYTODETECTLEAKAGEPATHWAYSANDTOESTIMATEFLOWRATESTHEMETHODIS,HOWEVER,LIMITEDTOASPECIFICAREA,ANDTHESAMEGOESFORMOSTCONVENTIONALMETHODSOTHERMETHODSWITHTHEPOSSIBILITYTOSCANLARGERAREASARETHEREFOREREQUESTED,ANDMOSTGEOPHYSICALMETHODSAREOFTHISKINDAMONGTHEMETHODSTESTED,RESISTIVITYMEASUREMENTSWERECONSIDPSJO¨DAHLTDAHLINSJOHANSSONUSINGRESISTIVITYMEASUREMENTSFORDAMSAFETYEVALUATIONATENEMOSSENTAILINGSDAMINSOUTHERNSWEDENRECEIVED19MARCH2005ACCEPTED27JULY2005PUBLISHEDONLINE18OCTOBER2005?SPRINGERVERLAG2005ABSTRACTINTERNALEROSIONISAMAJORREASONFOREMBANKMENTDAMFAILURESRESISTIVITYMEASUREMENTSISANESSENTIALLYNONDESTRUCTIVETECHNIQUE,WHICHMAYHAVETHEPOSSIBILITYOFDETECTINGINTERNALEROSIONPROCESSESANDANOMALOUSSEEPAGEATANEARLYSTAGEBEFORETHESAFETYOFTHEDAMISATSTAKETHISPAPERPRESENTSRESULTSFROMPARTOFADAMSAFETYINVESTIGATIONCONDUCTEDATTHEENEMOSSENTAILINGSDAMINSOUTHERNSWEDENLONGITUDINALRESISTIVITYSECTIONS,2DMEASUREMENTSALONGTHEDAMCREST,PROVIDEDANOVERVIEWOFTHEWHOLEDAMANDSERVEDTODETECTANOMALOUSZONESINSELECTEDAREAS,ADDITIONALCROSSSECTIONAL2DSURVEYSGAVEDETAILEDINFORMATIONABOUTTHEGEOELECTRICALSITUATIONSINTHEEMBANKMENTSTHISINFORMATIONISVALUABLEFORSIMILARINVESTIGATIONSASINFORMATIONABOUTRESISTIVITYINEMBANKMENTCONSTRUCTIONMATERIALISSCARCEKNOWNPROBLEMAREASWEREASSOCIATEDWITHLOWRESISTIVITIES,EVENTHOUGHTHERESISTIVITYMEASUREMENTSALONEDIDNOTPROVIDEENOUGHINFORMATIONTOCONFIDENTLYCOMETOADECISIONABOUTTHESTATUSOFTHEDAMSKEYWORDSRESISTIVITY?EMBANKMENTDAM?TAILINGSDAM?SWEDENENVIRONGEOL200549267–273DOI101007/S0025400500841ORIGINALARTICLEPSJO¨DAHLIE,THEGROUNDPROPERTIESAREASSUMEDFIG1CROSSSECTIONOFTHEXYDAM1SUPPORTFILLDOWNSTREAMANDUPSTREAM,2CORE,3FILTER,4TAILINGSLEVELREFERSTOMETERABOVESEALEVEL1DEVELOPEDBYMHLOKE,AVAILABLEFOREXAMPLEATHTTP//WWWGEOELECTRICALCOM269

簡介：附錄附錄A會計信息質(zhì)量在投資中的決策作用對私人信息和監(jiān)測的影響會計信息質(zhì)量在投資中的決策作用對私人信息和監(jiān)測的影響安妮比蒂，美國俄亥俄州立大學(xué)安妮比蒂，美國俄亥俄州立大學(xué)瓦特史考特廖，多倫多大學(xué)瓦特史考特廖，多倫多大學(xué)約瑟夫韋伯，美國麻省理工學(xué)院約瑟夫韋伯，美國麻省理工學(xué)院1簡介管理者與外部資本的供應(yīng)商信息是不對稱的在這種情況下企業(yè)是如何影響金融資本的投資的呢越來越多的證據(jù)表明，會計質(zhì)量越好，越可以減少信息的不對稱和對融資成本的約束。與此相一致的可能性是，減少了具有更高敏感性的會計質(zhì)量的公司的投資對內(nèi)部產(chǎn)生的現(xiàn)金流量。威爾第和希拉里發(fā)現(xiàn)，對企業(yè)投資和與投資相關(guān)的會計質(zhì)量容易不足，是容易引發(fā)過度投資的原因。當(dāng)投資效率低下時，會計的質(zhì)量重要性可以減輕外部資本的影響，供應(yīng)商有可能獲得私人信息或可直接監(jiān)測管理人員。通過訪問個人信息與控制管理行為，外部資本的供應(yīng)商可以直接影響企業(yè)的投資，降低了會計質(zhì)量的重要性。符合這個想法的還有比德爾和希拉里的比較會計對不同國家的投資質(zhì)量效益的影響。他們發(fā)現(xiàn)，會計品質(zhì)的影響在于美國投資效益，而不是在日本。他們認(rèn)為，一個可能的解釋是不同的是債務(wù)和股權(quán)的美國版本的資本結(jié)構(gòu)混合了SUS的日本企業(yè)。我們研究如何通過會計質(zhì)量靈敏度的重要性來延長不同資金來源對企業(yè)的投資現(xiàn)金流量的不同影響。直接測試如何影響不同的融資來源會計，通過最近獲得了債務(wù)融資的公司來投資敏感性現(xiàn)金流的質(zhì)量的效果，債務(wù)融資的比較說明了對那些不能夠通過他們的能力獲得融資的沒有影響。為了緩解這一問題，我們限制我們的樣本公司有所有最近獲得的債務(wù)融資和利用訪問的差異信息和監(jiān)測通過公共私人債務(wù)獲得連續(xù)貸款的建議。我們承認(rèn)，投資內(nèi)部現(xiàn)金流敏感性可能較低獲得債務(wù)融資的可能性。然而，這種可能性偏見拒絕了我們的假設(shè)。具體來說，我們確定的數(shù)據(jù)樣本證券公司有1163個采樣公司（議會），通過發(fā)行資本公共債務(wù)或銀團債務(wù)。我們限制我們的樣本公司最近獲得的債務(wù)融資持有該公司不斷融資與借款。然而，在樣本最近獲得的債務(wù)融資的公司，也有可能是信號，在資本提供進入私人信息差異和約束他們放在管理中的行為。相關(guān)理論意味著減少公共債務(wù)持有人在第二個敏感性分析，我們采用資產(chǎn)負(fù)債表的流動性方法，去解決發(fā)展中捕獲的我們關(guān)注的機會現(xiàn)金流措施影響現(xiàn)金流和協(xié)會之間的投資目的。阿爾梅達CAMPELLO和魏茲巴赫（2004）認(rèn)為更換與現(xiàn)金持有量的變化會減少投資的進而影響投資機會集合，如現(xiàn)金余額變動應(yīng)與融資約束的情況下的投資機會相一致。與以往的結(jié)果是相同的，我們發(fā)現(xiàn)，會計質(zhì)量降低現(xiàn)金流量的敏感性，但貸款人獲得私人信息減少了這種影響。我們的研究結(jié)果證實了在麻省理工學(xué)院會計質(zhì)量的重要性，信息不對稱對投資的負(fù)面影響，現(xiàn)金流的敏感度。我們的研究結(jié)果也與比德爾和希拉里的一貫2006年會計質(zhì)量參數(shù)一致，應(yīng)發(fā)揮其作用時，以較低的CAPI塔爾供應(yīng)商的選擇信息解決問題的緩解機制。然而，他們沒有通過與會計質(zhì)量發(fā)揮的作用不一致來改善投資在債券市場的效率。我們的論文也拓展了我們對帳戶重要性的認(rèn)識，其手段是識別環(huán)境信息，其中該公司的質(zhì)量會計信息是可能重要的。當(dāng)信息嘗試問題可能是最大時，會計信息質(zhì)量更顯得尤為重要。然而，在這些設(shè)置中，如果供應(yīng)商施加外部資本合同投資限制，或有機會獲得私人信息，那么會計質(zhì)量并不那么重要。此外，我們發(fā)現(xiàn)，會計質(zhì)量降低了資產(chǎn)負(fù)債表中的現(xiàn)金流動性的敏感性流，而銀行債務(wù)表明在面對重要會計質(zhì)量下降時，我們的投資現(xiàn)金流敏感性結(jié)果不只是由于現(xiàn)金流量捕捉企業(yè)的投資機會集構(gòu)成的。第二節(jié)是我們的研究背景。第3節(jié)中我們討論我們的會計科技發(fā)展。在第4節(jié)我們描述了我們的樣本。第5節(jié)為我們的研究設(shè)計。第六節(jié)為研究結(jié)論。2背景最近的幾項研究論文質(zhì)量的會計事務(wù)所效應(yīng)，投資采用了多種方法。布須曼人，PIOTROSKI，史密斯（2005）公司的重點傾向，及時退出洛杉磯資本荷蘭國際集團的項目。當(dāng)投資機會減少時，他們調(diào)查是否與企業(yè)所在的國家會計確認(rèn)的更及時的會計制度的特點經(jīng)濟損失更迅速地減少資本投資。他們爭辯說，他們的研究結(jié)果支持這一假說而且這種影響是在國家加強同更加分散的所有權(quán)。威爾第（2006）不僅關(guān)注公司是否在美國過度投資，而且還與他們是否在ING投資不足項目的積極現(xiàn)在的價值工程。他的調(diào)查結(jié)果，即減輕了會計質(zhì)量更高過度投資的問題，而影響對企業(yè)加強與存款保險計劃，與PERSED、布須曼（2005）等人所有權(quán)相似。。不過，他指出，不能斷定是由于較低的投資不足，在減少信息不對稱會計質(zhì)量公司和投資者之間的。比德爾和希拉里（2006年）審查會計質(zhì)量如何影響公司的投資現(xiàn)金流敏感性。他們發(fā)現(xiàn)，更高的質(zhì)量是會計伴隨著較低的投資現(xiàn)金流在美國的敏感性，但不是在日本。他

簡介：LOWENERGYELECTRONMICROSCOPYANDAUGERELECTRONSPECTROSCOPYSTUDIESOFCSOACTIVATIONLAYERONPTYPEGAASPHOTOCATHODEXIUGUANGJIN,ALEXANDREACCOTTA,GONGCHEN,ALPHATNDIAYE,ANDREASKSCHMID,ANDNAOTOYAMAMOTOCITATIONJOURNALOFAPPLIEDPHYSICS116,1745092014DOI101063/14901201VIEWONLINEHTTP//DXDOIORG/101063/14901201VIEWTABLEOFCONTENTSHTTP//SCITATIONAIPORG/CONTENT/AIP/JOURNAL/JAP/116/17VERPDFCOVPUBLISHEDBYTHEAIPPUBLISHINGARTICLESYOUMAYBEINTERESTEDINERRATUM“MONTECARLOCHARGETRANSPORTANDPHOTOEMISSIONFROMNEGATIVEELECTRONAFFINITYGAASPHOTOCATHODES”JAPPLPHYS113,1049042013JAPPLPHYS117,1099012015101063/14914297MONTECARLOCHARGETRANSPORTANDPHOTOEMISSIONFROMNEGATIVEELECTRONAFFINITYGAASPHOTOCATHODESJAPPLPHYS113,1049042013101063/14794822THESURFACEACTIVATIONLAYEROFGAASNEGATIVEELECTRONAFFINITYPHOTOCATHODEACTIVATEDBYCS,LI,ANDNF3APPLPHYSLETT95,1741092009101063/13257730PHOTOEMISSIONSTUDYOFCS–NF3ACTIVATEDGAAS100NEGATIVEELECTRONAFFINITYPHOTOCATHODESAPPLPHYSLETT92,2411072008101063/12945276PREPARATIONANDPERFORMANCEOFTRANSMISSIONMODEGAASPHOTOCATHODESASSOURCESFORCOLDDCELECTRONBEAMSJAPPLPHYS88,67882000101063/11311307REUSEOFAIPPUBLISHINGCONTENTISSUBJECTTOTHETERMSATHTTPS//PUBLISHINGAIPORG/AUTHORS/RIGHTSANDPERMISSIONSDOWNLOADTOIP180856250ONTHU,21JUL2016081304ANDASTEEPREFLECTIVITYDROPOFFOBSERVEDASSTARTVOLTAGEISINCREASEDINDICATESTHEELECTRONINJECTIONTHRESHOLDDECONVOLUTIONPROCEDURESPERMITVERYACCURATEMEASUREMENTSOFWORKFUNCTIONCHANGES19HERE,WEUSETHEINTERSECTIONOFTANGENTSFITTEDTOTHEREFLECTIVITYABOVEANDBELOWELECTRONINJECTIONTHRESHOLDSEEFIG1OURPHOTOCATHODESWEREMADEOFCHIPSCUTFROMACOMMERCIALPTYPE001GAASBULKWAFERWITHZNDOPANTCONCENTRATIONOF?1019CM?3THEGAASCHIPSWERECLEANEDBYARIONSPUTTERINGAT15KVANDANNEALINGAT500?CANDSURFACEPURITYWASCONFIRMEDBYAESMEASUREMENTSFORNEASURFACEPREPARATION,THEGAASCHIPSWERETRANSFERREDINTOTHELEEMCHAMBERS,WHERETHECHIPSWEREILLUMINATEDUSINGA785NMSEMICONDUCTORLASERTHEGAASCHIPSWEREACTIVATEDBYCYCLESOFCSANDODEPOSITIONINA“YOYO”TREATMENTCSWASDEPOSITEDUNTILTHEQEDECREASEDTOALMOSTZEROANDAFTERTHAT,OWASSUPPLIEDATAPRESSUREOF?10?7PAUNTILTHEQEREACHEDAMAXIMUMWEALSOPERFORMEDAREVERSED“YOYO”TREATMENT,WHEREOWASDOSEDTOQUENCHQECLOSETOZERO,FOLLOWEDBYCSDEPOSITIONSTOMAXIMIZEQEAGAIN,THESECYCLESWEREREPEATEDUNTILTHEPEAKQESHOWEDSATURATIONIIIRESULTSFIGURE1SHOWSTHEELECTRONREFLECTIVITYVERSUSELECTRONBEAMENERGYFORCLEANPTYPEGAASANDPTYPEGAASAFTERTHEYOYOTREATMENTINTHEWORKFUNCTIONENERGYSCALE,ZEROPOINTWASDEFINEDASTHEVACUUMLEVELOFTHEPTYPEGAASWEFINDTHATTHEPREPARATIONOFTHENEASURFACELOWERSTHEWORKFUNCTIONBYABOUT35EVFIGURE2SHOWSTIMEDEPENDENCEOFEMISSIONCURRENTANDWORKFUNCTIONCHANGEDURINGTHEDIFFERENTNEAPREPARATIONSINTHECONVENTIONALYOYOTREATMENTSHOWNINFIG2A,THEQEISINCREASEDANDDECREASED,RESPECTIVELY,ASAFUNCTIONOFREPEATEDOANDCSDEPOSITIONSCYCLESAREREVERSEDINTHERYOYOTREATMENTSHOWNINFIG2B,WHERETHEQEISINCREASEDANDDECREASED,RESPECTIVELY,ASAFUNCTIONOFCSANDODEPOSITIONSINBOTHTREATMENTS,QESHOWSHIGHERVALUESAFTEREACHCSANDOCYCLETHEWORKFUNCTIONCHANGEALSOSHOWSCYCLICALINCREASESANDDECREASES,WHICHCOINCIDEWITHTHEEMISSIONCURRENTVARIATIONSTHEMAXIMALQEACHIEVEDAFTERTHEYOYOTREATMENTISHIGHERTHANTHATREACHEDAFTERTHERYOYOTREATMENTANAESSPECTRUMCOLLECTEDAFTERTHEYOYOTREATMENTISSHOWNINFIG3,WHERETHEPEAKSIZEOFTHECS563EVSIGNALISLARGERTHANTHEOXYGEN502EVSIGNALESTIMATINGTHECS/ORATIOSBYMULTIPLYINGTHEFIG1REFLECTIVITYVERSUSSTARTVOLTAGEFORGAASAFTERCLEANINGBLUELINEANDAFTERNEAPREPARATIONREDLINEWORKFUNCTIONCHANGEISDETERMINEDBYMEASURINGTHEINTERSECTIONOFTANGENTSFITTEDTOTHEREFLECTIVITYDROPOFFABOVEINJECTIONTHRESHOLDDASHEDLINESFIG2EMISSIONCURRENTANDWORKFUNCTIONCHANGEDURINGAYOYOTREATMENTANDBRYOYOTREATMENTINSETINPANELASHOWSAPEEMIMAGEOFAFRESHLYPREPAREDCATHODE,FIELDOFVIEWIS14LM1745092JINETALJAPPLPHYS116,1745092014REUSEOFAIPPUBLISHINGCONTENTISSUBJECTTOTHETERMSATHTTPS//PUBLISHINGAIPORG/AUTHORS/RIGHTSANDPERMISSIONSDOWNLOADTOIP180856250ONTHU,21JUL2016081304

簡介：畢業(yè)設(shè)計（論文）外文資料翻譯畢業(yè)設(shè)計（論文）外文資料翻譯系部計算機科學(xué)與技術(shù)系專業(yè)計算機科學(xué)與技術(shù)（專升本）姓名學(xué)號外文出處IEEEINTERNATIONALCONFERENCEONCOMPUTERANDINFORMATIONTECHNOLOGY指導(dǎo)老師評語指導(dǎo)老師評語簽名年月日一個權(quán)限的難題ANDROID智能手機上安裝應(yīng)用程序的權(quán)限2就必須花費25的手續(xù)費來開通自己的個人賬號，通過上傳自己的應(yīng)用程序軟件，并從中獲取利潤。當(dāng)然，ANDROID市場是不會去檢查你的應(yīng)用程序到底包含哪些基本信息。然而，這對ANDROID用戶是非常不利的。對此谷歌來完成這項保護ANDROID手機用戶的任務(wù)。通過調(diào)查我們提供給ANDROID用戶兩種安裝選擇。1你是否愿意安裝此軟件到你的手機上2你是否信任開發(fā)商去訪問你的個人信息通過我們的走訪調(diào)查可知，大部分的ANDROID手機用戶都希望應(yīng)用程序提供詳細的權(quán)限安裝問題，并表示這是對于手機安全性的一個必不可少的環(huán)節(jié)。ANDROID用戶還提出應(yīng)該由用戶自己選擇什么時候彈出權(quán)限消息提示框，這樣做的目的是為了減少給客戶到來不必要的麻煩。2相關(guān)工作相關(guān)工作雖然ANDROID手機僅僅只是在2008年發(fā)布后的不久誕生的，但是有一個重要的工作需要我們?nèi)ネ瓿傻模蔷褪菍W(xué)習(xí)ANDROID手機的權(quán)限安全性問題。提出這個重要的理論依是根據(jù)對ANDROID手機運行的安全性或者提高系統(tǒng)的安全性能出發(fā)的。EYCK的相關(guān)的工作主要是研究ANDROID系統(tǒng)的安全性和面向用戶權(quán)限之間的差異化，重點分析在ANDROID用戶關(guān)閉手機的時候，通過權(quán)限請求消息與手機之間建立通信功能。VIDA的主要工作是研究如何讓ANDROID應(yīng)用程序接受請求權(quán)限，通過研究后來發(fā)現(xiàn)，權(quán)限存在一個“權(quán)限危機”的現(xiàn)象。由于ANDROID提供的API文檔接口與用戶實際接受的應(yīng)用程序請求消息無法建立連接，所以這就是開發(fā)人員現(xiàn)在面臨的一個主要難題。FELT主要工作是揭秘ANDROID權(quán)限的工作原理，試圖進一步解釋權(quán)限的開發(fā)商為什么要怎么開發(fā)。然而，無論是最終用戶探討這些應(yīng)用程序權(quán)限的理解。在我們的工作調(diào)查中發(fā)現(xiàn)雖然ANDROID手機用戶明明知道安裝一個應(yīng)用程序可能存在風(fēng)險或者病毒，但是還是有很多ANDROID用戶試圖為自己找借口忽略這些安裝權(quán)限消息提示框，常常抱怨為什么安裝一個應(yīng)用程序軟件要怎么多麻煩的權(quán)限消息提示框。另一些人看待ANDROID應(yīng)用程序權(quán)限問題的態(tài)度是試圖去簡化應(yīng)用程序權(quán)限的安裝過程或者跟其他智能手機對比安裝權(quán)限的過程。通過ANDROID用戶的反饋信息我們可以得出一個結(jié)論ANDROID應(yīng)用程序權(quán)限安裝的過程中提供了全面的安裝信息給ANDROID手機用戶，然而ANDROID用戶對這些提供的信息往往是不怎么在意或者忽略。

簡介：SEEDISCUSSIONS,STATS,ANDAUTHORPROFILESFORTHISPUBLICATIONATHTTPS//WWWRESEARCHGATENET/PUBLICATION/256914020LUBRICATIONOFDLCCOATEDSURFACESWITHMOS2NANOTUBESINALLLUBRICATIONREGIMESSURFACEROUGHNESSANDRUNNINGINEFFECTSARTICLEINWEARJUNE2013IMPACTFACTOR191DOI101016/JWEAR201303033CITATIONS7READS443AUTHORS,INCLUDINGMITJANKALINUNIVERSITYOFLJUBLJANA149PUBLICATIONS1,749CITATIONSSEEPROFILEALLINTEXTREFERENCESUNDERLINEDINBLUEARELINKEDTOPUBLICATIONSONRESEARCHGATE,LETTINGYOUACCESSANDREADTHEMIMMEDIATELYAVAILABLEFROMMITJANKALINRETRIEVEDON05MAY2016MARKEDLYINFLUENCESTHELUBRICATIONEFFECTIVENESSOFTHENANOTUBESWHILEWITHTHEROUGHSURFACESTHEPERFORMANCECHANGESLESSOVERTIME,IE,AFTERTHERUNNINGIN,THESMOOTHDLCCOATEDSURFACESLUBRICATEDWITHTHENANOTUBESCONTAININGOILALWAYSPROVIDETHELOWESTFRICTIONINORDERTOEXPLAINTHEEFFECTOFTHESURFACEROUGHNESSINTHENANOPARTICLELUBRICATEDCONTACTSOFANYTYPEOFMATERIALSWEPRESENTTHISEFFECTWITHAMODELBASEDONAGRAPHICAL,2DIMENSIONAL,ACTUAL11PROJECTIONSCALEOFTHESURFACEPROFILES,NANOPARTICLESANDFILMTHICKNESS2EXPERIMENTALDETAILS21MOS2NANOTUBESMOS2NANOTUBESWITHTYPICALDIAMETERSBELOW100NMANDLENGTHSUPTO20ΜMHAVEBEENSYNTHESISEDBYTHESULPHURIZATIONOFMO6S4I6NANOWIRESAT1073KINAREACTIVEGASCOMPOSEDOF98VOLAR,1VOLOFH2SAND1VOLOFH2RUNNINGFOR1H26DURINGTHESULPHURIZATIONPROCESSTHEIODINEWASCOMPLETELYREMOVEDFROMTHESTARTINGMATERIALANDSUBSTITUTEDBYSULPHURXRAYPOWDERDIFFRACTIONANDXRAYENERGYDISPERSIVEANALYSESOFTHEENDPRODUCTREVEALEDANIODINEFREEMOS2COMPOUNDTHEPRISTINEMOS2NANOTUBESKEPTTHEORIGINALHEDGEHOGSELFASSEMBLYOFTHESTARTINGMATERIALFIG1A,WHICHCANBEEASILYDISPERSEDINPOLARMEDIAUSINGULTRASOUNDHIGHRESOLUTIONSTUDIESREVEALEDSOMEDOMETERMINATEDENDSOFTHETUBESFIG1BTHEWALLSOFTHETUBESARELESSTHAN10NMTHICKARELATIVELYHIGHCONCENTRATIONOFSTRUCTURALDEFECTSISPRESENTINTHEFORMOFSUBCYLINDERSORPARTSOFSEPARATEDLAMELLASTHATAREVISIBLEINSIDETHENANOTUBESITISREASONABLETOASSUMETHATTHESEDEFECTSCANINFLUENCETHEMECHANICALPROPERTIESOFTHENANOTUBES,WHICHCAN,ASACONSEQUENCE,BEMOREEASILYEXFOLIATEDUNDERSHEARSTRESS22TRIBOLOGICALTESTSTHEFRICTIONEXPERIMENTSINWHICHSELFMATEDDLC/DLCCONTACTSWEREUSEDWEREPERFORMEDATROOMTEMPERATUREUSINGAMINITRACTIONMACHINE,MTMPCSINSTRUMENTS,UK,WITHABALLONDISCCONFIGURATIONTHETESTSEMPLOYEDA1905MM3/4INCHDIAMETERBALLANDA46MMDIAMETERDISCTHEBALLISLOADEDAGAINSTTHEFACEOFTHEDISCANDTHEBALLANDDISCAREDRIVENINDEPENDENTLYTOCREATETHEDESIREDSLIDETOROLLRATIOSRRTHEDISCWASIMMERSEDINALUBRICANTANDALLOFTHEFRICTIONEXPERIMENTSWEREPERFORMEDATANORMALLOADOF35N,WHICHCORRESPONDSTOAMAXIMUMHERTZIANCONTACTPRESSUREOF1GPAAMEANVALUEOF07GPAFOREACHSAMPLEASTRIBECKCURVEREFERREDTOASTHE‘INITIALSTRIBECK’WASPERFORMEDINITIALLY,WITHTHEMEANCONTACTVELOCITYALSOKNOWNASTHEENTRAINMENTVELOCITYDECREASINGFROM32M/STO0002M/SIE,ATRANSITIONFROMTHEELASTOHYDRODYNAMICEHLTOTHEBOUNDARYLUBRICATIONREGIMEANDWITHASRROF50AFTERTHEFORMATIONOFTHEINITIALSTRIBECKCURVE,ALONGDURATION2HTESTWASPERFORMEDATACONSTANTMEANCONTACTVELOCITYOF005M/SATTHEENDOFTHISLONGTERMTEST,AFTERTHESURFACESWERERUNIN,ANOTHERSTRIBECKCURVEREFERREDTOASTHE‘FINALSTRIBECK’WASPERFORMEDUNDERTHESAMECONDITIONSASINITIALLYSINCETHEAPPLIEDFORCEANDOILVISCOSITYWEREKEPTCONSTANT,ALLTHESTRIBECKCURVESCANBEGIVENASACOEFFICIENTOFFRICTIONTHATISAFUNCTIONOFTHEMEANCONTACTVELOCITYTHESTRIBECKCURVESFOREACHTESTSETUPWEREACQUIREDSEVERALTIMESANDREPRESENTATIVEMEASUREMENTSAREPRESENTEDINTHEDIAGRAMSTHEMINITRACTIONMACHINEWASEQUIPPEDWITHANINTERFEROMETRYMETHODTOMEASURESUBMICRONADDITIVEFILMSONTHESPECIMENSASTHEYFORMDURINGTHETESTANOPTICALINTERFEROMETRYMEASUREMENTISMADEEXSITU,IMMEDIATELYAFTERSTOPPINGTHETRIBOLOGICALTESTTOPERFORMTHEMEASUREMENTTHEBALLISLOADEDAGAINSTTHEGLASSDISCANDANIMAGEOFTHECOMPLETECONTACTAREAISTAKENWITHAHIGHRESOLUTIONRGBCAMERATHECLEANSURFACEOFTHEBALLSPRIORTOTHETESTINGWASFIRSTLYIMAGEDFORREFERENCEANDTHENTHEBALLSWEREIMAGEDAFTEREACHSTRIBECKTEST23MATERIALANDLUBRICANTSTHEBALLSANDTHEDISCSFORTHEEXPERIMENTSWEREMADEFROMAISI52100/DIN100CR6STEEL,BOTHHADAHARDNESSOF760HV01,MEASUREDWITHAMICROHARDNESSTESTERLEITZMINILOAD,WILDLEITZGMBH,WETZLAR,GERMANYTHEDLCCOATINGWASDEPOSITEDONBOTHTHEBALLSANDTHEDISCSSOTHATSELFMATEDDLC/DLCCONTACTPAIRSWEREOBTAINEDTHEDLCCOATINGWASACOMMERCIALLYAVAILABLECOATINGPRODUCEDBYSULZERSOREVISASLIMOGES,FRANCEUSINGAPLASMAASSISTEDCHEMICALVAPOURDEPOSITIONPACVDPROCESSTHESURFACELAYERCONSISTEDOFANONDOPED,AMORPHOUS,HYDROGENATEDDLCCOATINGACHWITHATHICKNESSOF11ΜMTHEADHESIONPROMOTINGINTERLAYERCONSISTEDOFACHSIOWITHATHICKNESSOF06ΜMTHEPRODUCERSTATEDTHATTHECOATINGHARDNESSWAS23GPA,ITSELASTICMODULUSWAS180GPAANDTHEHYDROGENCONTENTWAS30THEARITHMETICALMEANSURFACEROUGHNESS,RA,ANDTHEROOTMEANSQUARESURFACEROUGHNESS,RQ,WEREMEASUREDWITHANAFMCPII,VEECO,NEWYORK,USATHERAANDRQOFTHEBALLSWERE0010ΜMAND0012ΜM,RESPECTIVELYTHEEXPERIMENTSWEREPERFORMEDWITHTWOSETSOFDLCCOATEDDISCSHAVINGDIFFERENTSURFACEROUGHNESSESTHEROUGHNESSPARAMETERSRAANDRQFORTHESMOOTHDISCSWERE0006700005ΜMAND0008700005ΜM,RESPECTIVELYFORTHEROUGHDISCSTHERAVALUEWAS003670003ΜMANDTHERQVALUEWAS008070002ΜMTHEEXPERIMENTSWEREPERFORMEDUSINGPOLYALPHAOLEPHINPAOOILACCORDINGTOTHESUPPLIERNESTEOIL,ESPOO,FINLANDTHEKINEMATICVISCOSITYOFTHEOILIS290–305MM2/SAT401CAND57–60MM2/SAT1001CSOMEOFTHE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簡介：外文標(biāo)題THESTRUCTUREANDEVOLUTIONOFTRADERELATIONSBETWEENCOUNTRIESALONGTHEBELTANDROAD外文作者JUNGWONSONN，ET,AL文獻出處JOURNALOFGEOGRAPHICALSCIENCES，2018,28912331248（最新的哦）英文3598單詞，19887字符，中文5198漢字。（字?jǐn)?shù)可根據(jù)需要自己進行刪減）此文檔是外文翻譯成品，無需調(diào)整復(fù)雜的格式哦下載之后直接可用，方便快捷價格不貴。THESTRUCTUREANDEVOLUTIONOFTRADERELATIONSBETWEENCOUNTRIESALONGTHEBELTANDROADABSTRACTTRADEFACILITATIONISONEOFTHEFIVEMAINAGENDASOFTHEBELTANDROADINITIATIVEBRISOCIALNETWORKANALYSISHASHELPEDUNDERSTANDTHECOMPLEXITYOFTRADENETWORKS,BUTEXISTINGSTUDIESTENDTOOVERLOOKTHEFACTTHATNOTALLBILATERALTRADERELATIONSAREEQUALLYIMPORTANTTOACOUNTRYTOFILLTHISGAPINTHELITERATURE,THISPAPERFOCUSESONTHETOP2TRADERELATIONSNETWORKSTOILLUMINATETHESTRUCTUREANDEVOLUTIONOFBINTERNATIONALTRADECOMMUNITYCOREDETECTIONTOPTRADEPARTNER1INTRODUCTIONTHEBELTANDROADINITIATIVE‘BRI’,HEREAFTERPROPOSEDBYCHINESEPRESIDENTXIJINPINGIN2013FOUNDITSWAYINTOTHENEWREVISEDCHARTEROFTHECHINESECOMMUNISTPARTYINOCTOBER2017,GIVINGTHEBRIAFIRMCONSTITUTIONALSTATUSASPARTOFCHINA’SNEWTHINKINGABOUTOPENDEVELOPMENTTHEBRIREFERSTOTHEOVERLANDSILKROADECONOMICBELTTHEBELTANDTHE21ST2METHODOLOGY21DATAANDCOMPLETEINTERNATIONALTRADENETWORKOFTHEBELTANDROADCOUNTRIESFROMASOCIALNETWORKANALYSISPOINTOFVIEW,INTERNATIONALTRADECOMPRISESANETWORKINWHICHTHENODESARECOUNTRIESANDCONNECTIONSBETWEENNODESOREDGESARETHETRADERELATIONSBETWEENTHOSECOUNTRIESDATAFROM2000TO2016FROMTHEIMFDIRECTIONOFTRADESTATISTICSDOTSWASUSEDASONEOFTHEMOSTFREQUENTLYUSEDTRADEDATABASES,ITPROVIDESDATAONTHEINTERNATIONALDISTRIBUTIONOFEACHCOUNTRY’SEXPORTSANDIMPORTSBECAUSEMOSTSTATESREPORTIMPORTSINCIFVALUESIEINCLUDINGCOST,INSURANCEANDFREIGHTANDEXPORTSINFOBVALUESIEFREEONBOARD,THERECORDEDTOTALGLOBALIMPORTSEXCEEDSTHATOFEXPORTSINTHISSTUDY,IMPORTDATAWASUSED,ASSTATESTENDTOMONITORIMPORTSMORECLOSELYTHANEXPORTSBARBIERIETAL,2009SOTHATIMPORTDATAISCONSIDEREDTOBEMOREACCURATETHANEXPORTDATASMITHANDWHITE,1992KIMANDSHIN,2002DESPITEBEINGAFFECTEDBYTHE2008GLOBALECONOMICCRISIS,THECOMPLETETRADENETWORKOFTHEBRCOUNTRIESFROM2009TO2016DEVELOPEDVERYSLOWLY,EVENBECOMINGUNSTABLEFIFTYEIGHTNEWTRADETIESEMERGEDINTHISSEVENYEARPERIOD,BUTTHEREWASALSOANOTICEABLEFLUCTUATIONINTHENUMBEROFTIESANDTHEDENSITYANDDEGREEOFCENTRALIZATIONDURINGTHECRISISANDPOSTCRISISPERIODSTHENUMBEROFTRADETIESSTAYEDRELATIVELYSTEADYBETWEEN2164AND2188INTHEPERIODFROM2009TO2012,SUDDENLYINCREASINGTO2216IN2014,DECREASINGTO2192ONEYEARLATER,ANDTHENINCREASINGTO2222IN2016,WITHANOVERALLINCREASEOF58NEWTRADERELATIONSTHISMAYINDICATETHATTHEBRCOUNTRIESWERESTILLABLETOFINDNEWTRADEPARTNERS,DESPITETHESHORTPERIODOFSTAGNATIONIMMEDIATELYAFTERTHE2008ECONOMICCRISISONTHEWHOLE,THESMALLINCREASEINBOTHTHEDENSITYANDTHEDEGREECENTRALIZATIONOFTHEBRTRADENETWORKDURINGTHISTURBULENTPERIODIMPLIESTHATBRCOUNTRIESMIGHTHAVESTARTEDTORECOVERFROMTHEECONOMICSLOWDOWNANDTHATSOMECOUNTRIESCONTINUEDTOSTRENGTHENTHEIRTIESWITHKEYTRADEPARTNERSWHILESHEDDINGNONESSENTIALTIESTHEREFORE,FURTHERFOCUSONACOUNTRY’STOPTRADEPARTNERSMIGHTBEMOREUSEFULINUNDERSTANDINGTHEREALPICTUREOFTHEINTERNATIONALTRADENETWORKOFTHEBRCOUNTRIESZHOUETAL,201622COMMUNITYDETECTIONAPPROACHALONGWITHDESCRIPTIVESTATISTICS,COMMUNITYDETECTIONILLUMINATESTHEFEATURESOFTHETOPNETWORKS,ESPECIALLYTHEIRSTRUCTURALCHARACTERISTICSTHEREAREANUMBEROFPUBLICLYAVAILABLETOOLSFOREXPLORINGCOMPLEXNETWORKSGEPHI,FOREXAMPLE,ISANOPENSOURCEPLATFORMWITHANALYTICALANDDATAVISUALIZATIONFUNCTIONSTHESOFTWARERUNSONWINDOWSGEPHIPROVIDESMANYCOMMONMETRICSFORSOCIALNETWORKANALYSISSNAANDSCALEFREENETWORKS,MEASURINGTHECENTRALITY,DENSITY,CLUSTERINGCOEFFICIENTS,PATHLENGTHS,COMMUNITYDETECTION,ETCOFGRAPHSMANYSOCIALNETWORKANALYSTSCHOOSEGEPHIBECAUSEITISEXTREMELYPOWERFULINVISUALIZATIONANDCOMMUNITYDETECTIONITALLOWSUSERSTOINTERACTWITHTHEREPRESENTATIONANDTOMANIPULATETHESTRUCTURES,SHAPES,ANDCOLOURSTOREVEALHIDDENPATTERNSANDUSERSCANCUS

簡介：THETEACHINGINASPNETPROGRAMMINGANDTHEDEVELOPMENTINECOMMERCEPROJECTANBAOWANGSCHOOLOFCOMPUTERANDINFORMATION?SHANGHAISECONDPOLYTECHNICUNIVERSITYSHANGHAI201209CHINAABWANGITSSPUCNHAILANPANSCHOOLOFCOMPUTERANDINFORMATION?SHANGHAISECONDPOLYTECHNICUNIVERSITYSHANGHAI201209CHINAHLPANITSSPUCNABSTRACTTHEPAPERDISCUSSEDTHEELEMENTARYTHEORYANDESSENTIALITYINECOMMERCEATFIRSTINTHENEXTSECTION,THEKNOWLEDGEABOUTASPNET,C,SQLSERVER,INTERNETINFORMATIONSERVICESANDSSLCERTIFICATEANDSOONWASINTRODUCED,ALSOTHEPAPERTALKEDABOUTWHYTOSELECTASPNETANDCASECOMMERCEPROJECTPROGRAMMINGLANGUAGE,PROJECTDEPLOYINGANDMETHODSINECOMMERCEPROJECTTHERELATIONOFTHEEDUCATIONOFASPNETPROGRAMMINGANDTHEDEPLOYMENTOFECOMMERCEPROJECTWASDISCUSSEDIMPORTANTLYKEYWORDSASPNETPROGRAMMINGEDUCATIONTHEDEPLOYMENTOFECOMMERCEPROJECTFRAMEWORKTECHNIQUEIINTRODUCTIONASPNETWASTHEMOSTPOPULARANDPOWERFULWAYTODEVELOPINTERACTIVEWEBAPPLICATIONSANDALSOTHEMOSTPOWERFULANDFLEXIBLETOOLFORBUILDINGINTERACTIVEWEBSITES,ESPECIALLYDATADRIVENSITESTHATINTERACTWITHASERVERSIDEDATABASE1ASPENTPROGRAMSARECOMPILEDFORARELATIVELYSIMPLEVIRTUALMACHINENETFRAMEWORKWHICHISTHELATESTDEVELOPMENTENVIRONMENTTHATALLOWSDEVELOPERSTOTAKEADVANTAGEOFSPECIFICLIBRARIES2INESSENCE,NETWASANEWDEVELOPMENTFRAMEWORKTHATPROVIDEDAFRESHAPPLICATIONPROGRAMMINGINTERFACETOTHESERVICESANDAPISOFCLASSICWINDOWSOPERATINGSYSTEMS1,WHICHCANBEIMPLEMENTEDONANYCOMPUTERARCHITECTURE,IE,RISCORCISC,RUNNINGANYOPERATINGSYSTEMIFTHENETFRAMEWORKHASBEENINSTALLEDONTHATKINDOFOPERATIONSYSTEM,IE,UNIX,MAC,ORWINDOWSALTHOUGHTHENETFRAMEWORKDOESNOTPROVIDEASRICHASETOFINSTRUCTIONSASAMODERNMICROPROCESSOR,ITCANIMPLEMENTAUSERINTERFACEWITHBUTTONS,ADRAWINGCANVAS,ANDOTHERGRAPHICALELEMENTSCOMPILEDASPNETPROGRAMSPRODUCECLASSFILESCONTAININGTHEBYTECODEFORTHENETFRAMEWORKVIRTUALMACHINETHECPROGRAMMINGLANGUAGEHASBEENAPHENOMENALSUCCESSBYREMOVINGSOMEOFTHESYNTACTICABSURDITIESOFC,CHASBECOMETHEDOMINANTLANGUAGEFORUNDERGRADUATEPROGRAMMINGCOURSESITSSIMPLEOBJECTORIENTEDMODELANDLIBRARIESFORNETWORKINGANDGRAPHICALUSERINTERFACESHAVEMADEITBETTERSUITTOCONVEYINGOBJECTORIENTEDCONCEPTSANDADVANCEDCOMPUTINGTOPICSSUCHASTHREADSANDDISTRIBUTEDOBJECTSINADDITION,ITSPLATFORMINDEPENDENTARCHITECTUREHASMADEITTHELANGUAGEOFCHOICEFORDEVELOPINGAPPLICATIONSTHATRUNANYWHERE,JUSTLIKEJAVAWHICHCANRUNFROMTHESMALLESTDEVICESTOTHEMOSTSCALABLESERVERS3INCHINA,ALMOSTEVERYCOLLEGEHASSETUPCOMPUTERMAJORANDUNDERGRADUATESMAJORINGINCOMPUTEROUTNUMBERANYOTHERMAJORSSINCETHESKILLTOUSECOMPUTERHASBEENREGARDEDASONEOFTHETHREEBASICCAPABILITIESINTHE21THCENTURY,STUDENTSHAVETOLEARNCOMPUTERCOURSESEVERFROMPRIMARYSCHOOL4ECOMMERCEHASRAISEDWIDESPREADCONCERNINRECENTYEARSITDOESNOTHAVEAUNIFIEDSTANDARDANDUNDERSTANDINGMANYCOMPUTERMANUFACTURERSTHEMAINPROMOTERSOFECOMMERCESPEAKUNCOMPROMISINGFORTHEIROWNCOMMERCIALPURPOSESITMAKESPEOPLEFEELMOREOBSCUREABOUTECOMMERCE‘CONCEPTIONINFACT,ECOMMERCEISNOTMYSTERIOUSITHASMANYSUCCESSFULPRACTICESALREADYAROUNDTHEWORLD,INCLUDINGCHINAATPRESENT,ECOMMERCEHASBECOMETHEFASTESTGROWINGINTERNATIONALBUSINESSACTIVITIESASANIMPORTANTBUSINESSACTIVITYPATTERNSASABRANDNEWOPERATIONMODEOFCOMMERCE,ITHASPLAYEDANINCREASINGLYIMPORTANTROLEINDEVELOPMENTOFMODERNECONOMYINTHEACTUALBUSINESSACTIVITIES,SOMEOFTHETECHNICALSUPPORTSFORECOMMERCESYSTEMSAREASPNETCBASEDDISTRIBUTEDDATABASE,DYNAMICWEBAPPLICATIONSINTERACTINGWITHBACKGROUNDSDATABASEANDTHEUSERSTHEREBY,HOWTOBUILDANEFFICIENTECOMMERCESYSTEMHASBECOMETHEKEYTOTHEDEVELOPMENTOFECOMMERCEINTHEINTERNET/INTRANETENVIRONMENTACCOMPANYWITHTHEADVENTOFTHEINTERNETECONOMY,ECOMMERCEHASDEVELOPEDVERYRAPIDLY,ANDSECURITYISSUESHAVEBECOMETHECOREISSUEOFECOMMERCENETTECHNOLOGYASDEVELOPMENTTOOLINECOMMERCESYSTEMS,IFWEMAKEFULLUSEOFTHEOBJECTORIENTEDTECHNOLOGYOFASPNETANDCINDEPENDENTOFTHEPLATFORMPORTABILITYDISTRIBUTEDMULTITHREADEDSECUREANDRELIABLEFEATURESANDSOON,ISABLETOBETTERGUARANTEETHESECURITYOFECOMMERCE,SOITISESSENTIALTOLEARNASPENTANDCTECHNOLOGYVERYWELLFORECOMMERCESYSTEMSDEVELOPMENTINTHEFOLLOWINGSECTIONWEWILLINTRODUCTIONASPNETANDCEDUCATIONANDAFEWMAINCOURSESITSRELATIONSHIPWITHTHEDEVELOPMENTOFECOMMERCESYSTEMSWILLALSOBEDISCUSSED2010SECONDINTERNATIONALWORKSHOPONEDUCATIONTECHNOLOGYANDCOMPUTERSCIENCE9780769539874/102600?2010IEEEDOI101109/ETCS2010111386FUNCTIONALTESTINGMETHODSANDCVSTEAMDEVELOPMENTMETHODOLOGYTHETASKISTOENHANCEPROJECTDEVELOPMENTCAPACITYANDSKILLS,PROMOTELEVELOFSOFTWAREDESIGNANDMASTERPROJECTTESTINGTECHNOLOGY,ANDCULTIVATETHEABILITYOFWRITINGPROJECTDOCUMENTS,TEAMWORKCAPACITYANDADAPTABILITYINTHEPROJECTIIIBUILDECOMMERCEPLATFORMBASEDONASPNETTECHNOLOGYABRIEFINTRODUCTIONASPNETTECHNOLOGYUSEDBYTHEECOMMERCEPLATFORMWESELECTTECHNOLOGIESSUCHASASPNET,C,SQLSERVER2005,INTERNETINFORMATIONSERVICES,XML,MVCANDSSLCERTIFICATEASECOMMERCEDEVELOPMENTTOOLS,THEREFORE,WENEEDTOINSTALLTHEMICROSOFTNETFRAMEWORKANDINTERNETINFORMATIONSERVICESWEBSERVER,USINGSQLSERVER2005ASBACKGROUNDSDATABASEINTHEFOLLOWINGWEWILLSIMPLYINTRODUCETHEMAINTECHNOLOGIESWEHAVEUSED1ASPNETASPACTIVESERVERPAGESNETISALANGUAGEUSEDINWEBPROGRAMMING,ITISDEVELOPEDBYMICROSOFTCOMPANYANDITISAWEBDEVELOPMENTTECHNOLOGYBASEDONCANDTHEVBNETTAKINGADVANTAGEOFTHISTECHNOLOGYUSERCANSETUPADVANCED,SECUREANDCROSSPLATFORMDYNAMI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簡介：JOURNALOFUNIVERSITYOFSCIENCEANDTECHNOLOGYBEIJINGVOLUME13,NUMBER3,JUNE2006,PAGE240CORRESPONDINGAUTHORYINGTANG,EMAILTANGYDLPUBLIC3BTANETCNMATERIALSOPTIMIZATIONSTRATEGYINENDMILLINGPROCESSFORHIGHSPEEDMACHININGOFHARDENEDDIE/MOLDSTEELYINGTANGMECHANICALENGINEERINGSCHOOL,UNIVERSITYOFSCIENCEANDTECHNOLOGYBEIJING,BEIJING100083,CHINARECEIVED20050221ABSTRACTANOPTIMIZATIONSTRATEGYFORHIGHSPEEDMACHININGOFHARDENEDDIE/MOLDSTEELBASEDONMACHININGFEATUREANALYSISWASSTUDIEDITISAFURTHEREXTENSIONOFTHEPREVIOUSLYPRESENTEDSTUDYONTHETHERMALMECHANISMOFENDMILLINGANDCONSTANTCUTTINGFORCECONTROLANOBJECTIVEFUNCTIONCONCERNINGMACHININGCOSTANDASSOCIATEDOPTIMIZATIONALGORITHMBASEDONMACHININGTIMEANDCUTTINGLENGTHCALCULATIONWASPROPOSEDCONSTRAINTSTOSATISFYSPECIFICMACHININGSTRATEGIESWHENHIGHSPEEDMACHININGTHEHARDENEDDIE/MOLDSTEEL,TROCHOIDTOOLPATHPATTERNINSLOTENDMILLINGTOAVOIDOVERHEATANDFEEDRATEADAPTATIONTOAVOIDOVERLOAD,WEREALSODISCUSSEDASACASESTUDY,THETOOLSELECTIONPROBLEMWHENMACHININGADIEPARTWITHMULTIPLEMACHININGFEATURESWASINVESTIGATEDKEYWORDSOPTIMIZATIONALGORITHMHARDENEDDIE/MOLDSTEELMACHININGCOSTMACHININGFEATURE1INTRODUCTIONTHEINTRODUCTIONOFADVANCEDCUTTINGTOOLSLIKEALTINCOATEDMICROGRAINCARBIDEENDMILLSINCETHE1990SHASCHANGEDTHETRENDINDIE/MOLDMANUFACTURINGTOWARDSHARDMACHININGBOTHINROUGHINGANDFINISHING1NOWADAYS,HIGHSPEEDMACHININGOFHARDENEDDIEANDMOLDSTEELSISAPROVENTECHNOLOGYALREADY,WHEREMANYSPECIFICMACHININGCONCEPTSANDSTRATEGIESAREDEVELOPEDTOFACILITATEIT2REPRESENTATIVELY,MACHININGFEATURESTHATAREDEFINEDASDISTINCTIVEVOLUMETRICSHAPETOBEREMOVEDBYDISTINCTIVEMACHININGOPERATIONSIECUTTINGTOOLANDTOOLPATHPATTERN,ISPUTFORWARDTOEASENCNUMERICALCONTROLPROGRAMMING3USUALLYTOOLPATHPATTERNFOREACHFEATURETYPECANBESTANDARDIZEDANDFIXEDONCEMACHININGFEATURESANDRELEVANTTOOLPATHPATTERNAREFIXED,ITBECOMESABSOLUTELYNECESSARYTOOPTIMIZEOTHEROPERATIONPARAMETERSBECAUSEWHENWECONSIDERBOTHPRODUCTIVITYANDTOOLCOST,THELATTERCONTRIBUTESTOASMUCHAS20OFTHETOTALCOSTOFDIEANDMOLDMANUFACTURINGSUCHOPTIMIZATIONISMADEPOSSIBLEWITHMACHININGFEATUREANDFIXEDTOOLPATHPATTERNANALYSIS,WHICHREDUCESTHENUMBEROFVARIABLESTHATHAVETOBECONSIDEREDATTHESAMETIMEPRODUCTIVITYANDTOOLCOSTCANBETREATEDASFUNCTIONSOFTHESEINDEPENDENTCUTTINGCONDITIONVARIABLESSOTHATTHEIMPACTOFTHESEVARIABLESONTHEPRODUCTIVITYANDTOOLCOSTORTHECOMBINEDOBJECTIVEFUNCTIONOFTHESETWOCANBECALCULATEDANDOPTIMIZEDTHISPAPERISORGANIZEDASFOLLOWSANOBJECTIVEFUNCTIONCONCERNINGMACHININGCOSTANDITSASSOCIATEDOPTIMIZATIONALGORITHMISPROPOSEDINSECTION2,FOLLOWEDBYACASESTUDYTOUSETHEPROPOSEDALGORITHMFORTOOLSELECTIONINENDMILLINGDIEPARTWITHMULTIPLEMACHININGFEATURESINSECTION3CONSTRAINTSFACEDINATTEMPTINGTOSATISFYSPECIFICMACHININGSTRATEGIESWHENHIGHSPEEDMACHININGTHEHARDENEDDIE/MOLDSTEELAREDISCUSSEDINTHESAMESECTIONCONCLUSIONSAREPRESENTEDINSECTION4BASEDONTHERESULTSOFTHECASESTUDY2OPTIMIZATIONSTRATEGYASCONCERNINGPRODUCTIVITY,THETIMEINVOLVEDINMACHININGPROCESSNEEDSTOBECALCULATEDTHEMACHININGTIMEMTCONSIDEREDINCLUDESTHECUTTINGTIMECTANDTHEAIRCUTTINGTIMENCTBASICALLY,THEEXACTCUTTINGTIMECTISCALCULATEDBYADDINGTHETIMESSPENTONEVERYCHIPANDTHEAIRCUTTINGTIMENCTISTHETOTALTIMEOFAIRCUTTINGINTHETOOLPATH,WHICHCANNORMALLYBECALCULATEDWITHEASEBASEDONFIXEDTOOLPATHPATTERN,MCNCNCZEIIILTTTTF∑1WHERETHECUTTINGLENGTHILOFTHEITHCHIPISCALCULATEDBASEDONTHEENGAGEMENTGEOMETRYBETWEENTHEWORKPIECEANDTHECUTTINGTOOL,ANDZEIFISTHEINSTANTFEEDOFTOOLWHENCUTTINGTHECHIPINTHECASEOFENDMILLINGCONCAVECONTOUR,IL,ZEIFANDOTHERPARAMETERS242JUNIVSCITECHNOLBEIJING,VOL13,NO3,JUN2006PROCESSPRESENTEDINPREVIOUSWORKS45ITBECOMESESSENTIALTOSEEKASPECIFICMACHININGSTRATEGYTOREDUCECUTTINGHEATACCUMULATIONFORIMPROVINGTOOLLIFETHEKEYISSUELIESINTHELIMITATIONOFCONTACTBETWEENTHETOOLANDTHEPARTPERREVOLUTIONTROCHOIDTOOLPATHPATTERNWITHSUCCESSIVETROCHOIDCYCLESOFTHESAMEPITCH,SHOWNINFIG3,ISSUCHASUBSTITUTEDESIGNEDFORENDMILLINGASLOTINTOTHEHARDENEDSTEELATHIGHSPEED6BYMAINTAININGALIMITEDPITCH,THEARCOFCONTACTISMINIMIZEDINCONJUNCTIONWITHPROPERFEEDSANDSPEEDS,ENDMILLINGINTHISMANNERCANREMOVEALARGEAMOUNTOFMATERIALWITHOUTTHEGENERATIONOFEXCESSIVEHEATFIG3SLOTENDMILLINGWITHTROCHOIDTOOLPATHPATTERNBISASLOTOFGIVENWIDTH2FEEDRATEADAPTATIONTOKEEPCONSTANTCUTTINGFORCEANOTHERCONCEPTTAKENASABASISFORHARDENEDDIESTEELENDMILLINGISTOMAINTAINTHECUTTINGFORCECONSTANTUNDERASAFETYLIMITESPECIALLYINROUGHINGORINTERMEDIATEROUGHINGOPERATION,BECAUSECHIPPINGOCCURSSOONIFEXCESSIVECUTTINGFORCESATTHECUTTINGEDGEAREPRESENTCHIPPINGONONECUTTINGEDGECANCAUSEACASCADEEFFECTOFSUCCESSIVECHIPPINGONTHEREMAININGINTACTCUTTINGEDGESTHISMAKESTHETOOLUNUSABLEVERYQUICKLYASTRAIGHTFORWARDAPPROACHTOKEEPCONSTANTCUTTINGFORCEISTOADAPTFEEDRATEALONGTOOLPATHTHEBASICPRINCIPLEOFTHESTRATEGYISTOSOLVETHEINSTANTFEEDRATEACCORDINGTOTOOLWORKENGAGEMENTGEOMETRYWITHASECONDORDERFORCEMODEL,WHICHWASPRESENTEDINPREVIOUSWORKS78,22011221112221212YXXXXXXΒΒΒΒΒΒ4WHEREYDENOTESTHEAVERAGECUTTINGFORCEVALUEINXYPLANEXYFTHECONTROLTARGETFORCEYISDETERMINEDFROMEXPERIENCES1XAND2XARETHENORMALIZEDMAXIMUMUNCUTCHIPTHICKNESSMITANDCHIPCUTTINGLENGTHILRESPECTIVELYTHESIXCOEFFICIENTS012,,ΒΒ???AREIDENTIFIEDBYCONDUCTINGASETOFPREPROCESSEXPERIMENTSOFSTRAIGHTCUTBYUSINGLEASTSQUARESMETHODUNDERT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簡介：本文是中英對照畢業(yè)設(shè)計論文外文文獻翻譯，下載后無需調(diào)整復(fù)雜的格式直接可用一輩子也就一次的事文獻作者引用出處信息KEVINMORAN,MARIOLINARESVA′SQUEZ,CARLOSBERNALCA′RDENAS,CHRISTOPHERVENDOME,ANDDENYSPOSHYVANYK,AUTOMATICALLYDISCOVERING,REPORTINGANDREPRODUCINGANDROIDAPPLICATIONCRASHES,2018IEEEINTERNATIONALCONFERENCEONSOFTWARETESTING,VERIFICATIONANDVALIDATIONICST如覺得年份太老，可改為近2年，畢竟很多畢業(yè)生都這樣做英文5721單詞，37485字符字符就是印刷符，中文9904漢字。（如果字?jǐn)?shù)多了，可自行刪減，大多數(shù)學(xué)校都是要求選取外文的一部分內(nèi)容進行翻譯的。）AUTOMATICALLYDISCOVERING,REPORTINGANDREPRODUCINGANDROIDAPPLICATIONCRASHESABSTRACTMOBILEDEVELOPERSFACEUNIQUECHALLENGESWHENDETECTINGANDREPORTINGCRASHESINAPPSDUETOTHEIRPREVAILINGGUIEVENTDRIVENNATUREANDADDITIONALSOURCESOFINPUTSEG,SENSORREADINGSTOSUPPORTDEVELOPERSINTHESETASKS,WEINTRODUCEANOVEL,AUTOMATEDAPPROACHCALLEDCRASHSCOPETHISTOOLEXPLORESAGIVENANDROIDAPPUSINGSYSTEMATICINPUTGENERATION,ACCORDINGTOSEVERALSTRATEGIESINFORMEDBYSTATICANDDYNAMICANALYSES,WITHTHEINTRINSICGOALOFTRIGGERINGCRASHESWHENACRASHISDETECTED,CRASHSCOPEGENERATESANAUGMENTEDCRASHREPORTCONTAININGSCREENSHOTS,DETAILEDCRASHREPRODUCTIONSTEPS,THECAPTUREDEXCEPTIONSTACKTRACE,ANDAFULLYREPLAYABLESCRIPTTHATAUTOMATICALLYREPRODUCESTHECRASHONATARGETDEVICESWEEVALUATEDCRASHSCOPE’SEFFECTIVENESSINDISCOVERINGCRASHESASCOMPAREDTOFIVESTATEOFTHEARTANDROIDINPUTGENERATIONTOOLSON61APPLICATIONSTHERESULTSDEMONSTRATETHATCRASHSCOPEPERFORMSABOUTASWELLASCURRENTTOOLSFORDETECTINGCRASHESANDPROVIDESMOREDETAILEDFAULTINFORMATIONADDITIONALLY,INASTUDYANALYZINGEIGHTREALWORLDANDROIDAPPCRASHES,WEFOUNDTHATCRASHSCOPE’SREPORTSAREEASILYREADABLEANDALLOWFORRELIABLEREPRODUCTIONOFCRASHESBYPRESENTINGMOREEXPLICITINFORMATIONTHANHUMANWRITTENREPORTSIINTRODUCTIONCONTINUEDGROWTHINTHEMOBILEHARDWAREANDAPPLICATIONMARKETPLACEISBEINGDRIVENBYALANDSCAPEWHEREUSERSTENDTOPREFERMOBILESMARTDEVICESANDAPPSFORTASKSOFCONTEXTUALFEATURES,SUCHASTHEORIENTATIONOFTHEDEVICE,WIRELESSINTERFACES,ANDSENSORSWESPECIFICALLYTAILOREDTHESEFEATURESTOTESTTHECOMMONCAUSESOFAPPCRASHESASIDENTIFIEDBYPREVIOUSSTUDIES26,45,79DURINGEXECUTION,CRASHSCOPECAPTURESDETAILEDINFORMATIONABOUTTHESUBJECTAPP,SUCHASTHEINPUTSSENTTOTHEDEVICE,SCREENSHOTSANDGUIINFORMATION,EXCEPTIONS,ANDCRASHINFORMATIONTHISINFORMATIONISTHENTRANSLATEDINTODETAILEDCRASHREPORTSANDREPLAYABLESCRIPTS,FORANYENCOUNTEREDCRASHTHISPAPERMAKESTHEFOLLOWINGNOTEWORTHYCONTRIBUTIONS1WEDESIGNANDIMPLEMENTAPRACTICALANDAUTOMATICAPPROACHFORDISCOVERING,REPORTING,ANDREPRODUCINGANDROIDAPPLICATIONCRASHES,CALLEDCRASHSCOPETOTHEBESTOFTHEAUTHOR’SKNOWLEDGE,THISISTHEFIRSTAPPROACHTHATISABLETOGENERATEEXPRESSIVE,DETAILEDCRASHREPORTSFORMOBILEAPPS,INCLUDINGSCREENSHOTSANDAUGMENTEDNLREPRODUCTIONSTEPS,INACOMPLETELYAUTOMATICFASHIONCRASHSCOPEISALSOONEOFTHEONLYAVAILABLEFULLYAUTOMATEDANDROIDTESTINGAPPROACHESTHATISPRACTICALFROMADEVELOPERS’PERSPECTIVE,REQUIRINGNOINSTRUMENTATIONOFTHESUBJECTAPPSOROSOURAPPROACHBUILDSUPONPRIORRESEARCHINAUTOMATEDINPUTGENERATIONFORMOBILEAPPS,ANDIMPLEMENTSSEVERALEXPLORATIONSTRATEGIES,INFORMEDBYLIGHTWEIGHTSTATICANALYSISTHATAREABLETOEFFECTIVELYDETECTCRASHESANDEXCEPTIONS2WEPERFORMADETAILEDEVALUATIONOFTHECRASHDETECTIONABILITIESOFCRASHSCOPEON61ANDROIDAPPSASCOMPAREDTOFIVESTATEOFTHEARTANDROIDINPUTGENERATIONTOOLSDYNODROID53,GUIRIPPER17,PUMA36,A3E20,ANDMONKEY7OURRESULTSSHOWTHATCRASHSCOPEPERFORMSNEARLYASWELLASCURRENTTOOLSINTERMSOFDETECTINGCRASHES,WHILEAUTOMATICALLYGENERATINGDETAILEDREPORTSANDREPLAYABLESCRIPTS3WEDESIGNANDCARRYOUTAUSERSTUDYEVALUATINGTHEREPRODUCIBILITYANDREADABILITYOFOURAUTOMATICALLYGENERATEDBUGREPORTSTHROUGHCOMPARISONTOHUMANWRITTENCRASHREPORTSFOREIGHTOPENSOURCEAPPSTHERESULTSINDICATETHATCRASHSCOPEREPORTSOFFERMOREDETAIL,WHILEBEINGATLEASTASUSEFULASTHEHUMANWRITTENREPORTS4WEMAKEOUREXPERIMENTALDATASETANDCRASHREPORTSAVAILABLEINOURONLINEAPPENDIX58IIRELATEDWORKMOTIVATIONINTHISSECTION,WEOVERVIEWTHECURRENTLANDSCAPEOFAUTOMATEDTESTINGANDINPUT

簡介：TENSIONSTIFFENINGINLIGHTLYREINFORCEDCONCRETESLABSRIANGILBERT1ABSTRACTTHETENSILECAPACITYOFCONCRETEISUSUALLYNEGLECTEDWHENCALCULATINGTHESTRENGTHOFAREINFORCEDCONCRETEBEAMORSLAB,EVENTHOUGHCONCRETECONTINUESTOCARRYTENSILESTRESSBETWEENTHECRACKSDUETOTHETRANSFEROFFORCESFROMTHETENSILEREINFORCEMENTTOTHECONCRETETHROUGHBONDTHISCONTRIBUTIONOFTHETENSILECONCRETEISKNOWNASTENSIONSTIFFENINGANDITAFFECTSTHEMEMBER’SSTIFFNESSAFTERCRACKINGANDHENCETHEDEFLECTIONOFTHEMEMBERANDTHEWIDTHOFTHECRACKSUNDERSERVICELOADSFORLIGHTLYREINFORCEDMEMBERS,SUCHASFLOORSLABS,THEFLEXURALSTIFFNESSOFAFULLYCRACKEDSECTIONISMANYTIMESSMALLERTHANTHATOFANUNCRACKEDSECTION,ANDTENSIONSTIFFENINGCONTRIBUTESGREATLYTOTHEPOSTCRACKINGSTIFFNESSINTHISPAPER,THEAPPROACHESTOACCOUNTFORTENSIONSTIFFENINGINTHEACI,EUROPEAN,ANDBRITISHCODESAREEVALUATEDCRITICALLYANDPREDICTIONSARECOMPAREDWITHEXPERIMENTALOBSERVATIONSFINALLY,RECOMMENDATIONSAREINCLUDEDFORMODELINGTENSIONSTIFFENINGINTHEDESIGNOFREINFORCEDCONCRETEFLOORSLABSFORDEFLECTIONCONTROLDOI101061/?ASCE?07339445?2007?1336?899?CEDATABASESUBJECTHEADINGSCRACKINGCREEPDEFLECTIONCONCRETE,REINFORCEDSERVICEABILITYSHRINKAGECONCRETESLABSINTRODUCTIONTHETENSILECAPACITYOFCONCRETEISUSUALLYNEGLECTEDWHENCALCULATINGTHESTRENGTHOFAREINFORCEDCONCRETEBEAMORSLAB,EVENTHOUGHCONCRETECONTINUESTOCARRYTENSILESTRESSBETWEENTHECRACKSDUETOTHETRANSFEROFFORCESFROMTHETENSILEREINFORCEMENTTOTHECONCRETETHROUGHBONDTHISCONTRIBUTIONOFTHETENSILECONCRETEISKNOWNASTENSIONSTIFFENING,ANDITAFFECTSTHEMEMBER’SSTIFFNESSAFTERCRACKINGANDHENCEITSDEFLECTIONANDTHEWIDTHOFTHECRACKSWITHTHEADVENTOFHIGHSTRENGTHSTEELREINFORCEMENT,REINFORCEDCONCRETESLABSUSUALLYCONTAINRELATIVELYSMALLQUANTITIESOFTENSILEREINFORCEMENT,OFTENCLOSETOTHEMINIMUMAMOUNTPERMITTEDBYTHERELEVANTBUILDINGCODEFORSUCHMEMBERS,THEFLEXURALSTIFFNESSOFAFULLYCRACKEDCROSSSECTIONISMANYTIMESSMALLERTHANTHATOFANUNCRACKEDCROSSSECTION,ANDTENSIONSTIFFENINGCONTRIBUTESGREATLYTOTHESTIFFNESSAFTERCRACKINGINDESIGN,DEFLECTIONANDCRACKCONTROLATSERVICELOADLEVELSAREUSUALLYTHEGOVERNINGCONSIDERATIONS,ANDACCURATEMODELINGOFTHESTIFFNESSAFTERCRACKINGISREQUIREDTHEMOSTCOMMONLYUSEDAPPROACHINDEFLECTIONCALCULATIONSINVOLVESDETERMININGANAVERAGEEFFECTIVEMOMENTOFINERTIA?IE?FORACRACKEDMEMBERSEVERALDIFFERENTEMPIRICALEQUATIONSAREAVAILABLEFORIE,INCLUDINGTHEWELLKNOWNEQUATIONDEVELOPEDBYBRANSON?1965?ANDRECOMMENDEDINACI318?ACI2005?OTHERMODELSFORTENSIONSTIFFENINGAREINCLUDEDINEUROCODE2?CEN1992?ANDTHE?BRITISHSTANDARDBS81101985?RECENTLY,BISCHOFF?2005?DEMONSTRATEDTHATBRANSON’SEQUATIONGROSSLYOVERESTIMATESTHEAVERAGESTIFFNESSOFREINFORCEDCONCRETEMEMBERSCONTAININGSMALLQUANTITIESOFSTEELREINFORCEMENT,ANDHEPROPOSEDANALTERNATIVEEQUATIONFORIE,WHICHISESSENTIALLYCOMPATIBLEWITHTHEEUROCODE2APPROACHINTHISPAPER,THEVARIOUSAPPROACHESFORINCLUDINGTENSIONSTIFFENINGINTHEDESIGNOFCONCRETESTRUCTURES,INCLUDINGTHEACI318,EUROCODE2,ANDBS8110MODELS,AREEVALUATEDCRITICALLYANDEMPIRICALPREDICTIONSARECOMPAREDWITHMEASUREDDEFLECTIONSFINALLY,RECOMMENDATIONSFORMODELINGTENSIONSTIFFENINGINSTRUCTURALDESIGNAREINCLUDEDFLEXURALRESPONSEAFTERCRACKINGCONSIDERTHELOADDEFLECTIONRESPONSEOFASIMPLYSUPPORTED,REINFORCEDCONCRETESLABSHOWNINFIG1ATLOADSLESSTHANTHECRACKINGLOAD,PCR,THEMEMBERISUNCRACKEDANDBEHAVESHOMOGENEOUSLYANDELASTICALLY,ANDTHESLOPEOFTHELOADDEFLECTIONPLOTISPROPORTIONALTOTHEMOMENTOFINERTIAOFTHEUNCRACKEDTRANSFORMEDSECTION,IUNCRTHEMEMBERFIRSTCRACKSATPCRWHENTHEEXTREMEFIBERTENSILESTRESSINTHECONCRETEATTHESECTIONOFMAXIMUMMOMENTREACHESTHEFLEXURALTENSILESTRENGTHOFTHECONCRETEORMODULUSOFRUPTURE,FRTHEREISASUDDENCHANGEINTHELOCALSTIFFNESSATANDIMMEDIATELYADJACENTTOTHISFIRSTCRACKONTHESECTIONCONTAININGTHECRACK,THEFLEXURALSTIFFNESSDROPSSIGNIFICANTLY,BUTMUCHOFTHEBEAMREMAINSUNCRACKEDASLOADINCREASES,MORECRACKSFORMANDTHEAVERAGEFLEXURALSTIFFNESSOFTHEENTIREMEMBERDECREASESIFTHETENSILECONCRETEINTHECRACKEDREGIONSOFTHEBEAMCARRIEDNOSTRESS,THELOADDEFLECTIONRELATIONSHIPWOULDFOLLOWTHEDASHEDLINEACDINFIG1IFTHEAVERAGEEXTREMEFIBERTENSILESTRESSINTHECONCRETEREMAINEDATFRAFTERCRACKING,THELOADDEFLECTIONRELATIONSHIPWOULDFOLLOWTHEDASHEDLINEAEINREALITY,THEACTUALRESPONSELIESBETWEENTHESETWOEXTREMESANDISSHOWNINFIG1ASTHESOLIDLINEABTHEDIFFERENCEBETWEENTHEACTUALRESPONSEANDTHEZEROTENSIONRESPONSEISTHETENSIONSTIFFENINGEFFECT???INFIG1?ASTHELOADINCREASES,THEAVERAGETENSILESTRESSINTHECONCRETEREDUCESASMORECRACKSDEVELOPANDTHEACTUALRESPONSETENDSTOWARDTHEZEROTENSIONRESPONSE,ATLEASTUNTILTHECRACKPATTERNISFULLYDEVELOPEDANDTHENUMBEROFCRACKSHASSTABILIZEDFORSLABS1PROFESSOROFCIVILENGINEERING,SCHOOLOFCIVILANDENVIRONMENTALENGINEERING,UNIVOFNEWSOUTHWALES,UNSWSYDNEY,2052,AUSTRALIANOTEASSOCIATEEDITORROBYHCHAIDISCUSSIONOPENUNTILNOVEMBER1,2007SEPARATEDISCUSSIONSMUSTBESUBMITTEDFORINDIVIDUALPAPERSTOEXTENDTHECLOSINGDATEBYONEMONTH,AWRITTENREQUESTMUSTBEFILEDWITHTHEASCEMANAGINGEDITORTHEMANUSCRIPTFORTHISTECHNICALNOTEWASSUBMITTEDFORREVIEWANDPOSSIBLEPUBLICATIONONMAY22,2006APPROVEDONDECEMBER28,2006THISTECHNICALNOTEISPARTOFTHEJOURNALOFSTRUCTURALENGINEERING,VOL133,NO6,JUNE1,2007?ASCE,ISSN07339445/2007/6899–903/2500JOURNALOFSTRUCTURALENGINEERING?ASCE/JUNE2007/899JSTRUCTENG2007133899903DOWNLOADEDFROMASCELIBRARYORG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簡介：本文是中英對照畢業(yè)設(shè)計論文外文文獻翻譯，下載后無需調(diào)整格式直接可用一輩子一次的事文獻作者引用出處信息KUNALVILASCHAUDHARI,ANDROIDAPPLICATIONSUITEFORSTUDENTTRACKINGSYSTEM,INTERNATIONALJOURNALOFCOMPUTERAPPLICATIONS0975–8887VOLUME104–NO6,OCTOBER2018如覺得年份太老，可改為近2年，畢竟很多畢業(yè)生都這樣做英文2055單詞，12775字符字符就是印刷符，中文3370漢字。（如果字?jǐn)?shù)多了，可自行刪減，大多數(shù)學(xué)校都是要求選取外文的一部分內(nèi)容進行翻譯的。）ANDROIDAPPLICATIONSUITEFORSTUDENTTRACKINGSYSTEMABSTRACTINTODAY’SWORLDOFELEARNING,WEBINARSANDVIDEOCONFERENCING,WESTILLRELYONPAPERSHEETSANDMANUALHUMANWORKLOADFORMARKINGANDMANAGINGSTUDENTATTENDANCE,RESULTSALSOTHISHANDWRITTENISTOBECONVERTEDINTODIGITALFORMATFORONEORTHEOTHERREASONSLIKERESULTANALYSISORMAKINGDEFAULTERSLISTETCIRRESPECTIVEOFTHESUBJECT,THEHIGHERAUTHORITYOFTHECOLLEGEHASTOANALYZETHISDATAFORALLSTUDENTSINTHISTRADITIONALMETHODWHICHISCOMMONLYUSEDINALLCOLLEGES,INTERACTIONOFTHISSTUDENTDATARESULTS,ATTENDANCEWITHTHEGUARDIANOFSTUDENTHAVEREMARKABLEISSUESSODUETOTHISITISNECESSARYTODEVELOPANAUTOMATEDSYSTEMFORSTUDENTTRACKINGINTHISPAPER,IDESCRIBEAPROPOSEDANDROIDAPPLICATIONSUITEFORSTUDENTTRACKINGSYSTEMTHISAPPLICATIONSUITEWILLBRIDGETHEGAPBETWEENTHESTUDENTS,TEACHERS,HIGHERAUTHORITIESOFCOLLEGEANDTHEGUARDIANSKEYWORDSANDROID,ATTENDANCE,RESULTS,STUDENTTRACKINGSYSTEM,GUARDIANS1INTRODUCTIONTRADITIONALMETHODOFMARKINGSTUDENTATTENDANCEISVERYSIMPLEYETTIMECONSUMINGTHETEACHERPASSESASHEETOFPAPERDURINGTHELECTURETHANTHESTUDENTSSIGNITANDTHEHIGHERAUTHORITYOFTHECOLLEGEMAYINCLUDEVARIOUSPEOPLELIKEOFFICEADMINISTRATORS,PRINCIPAL,DEANETCTHESEARETHEPEOPLEWHOARERESPONSIBLEFORTHEANALYSISOFTHERESULTSANDATTENDANCEOFTHESTUDENTSACCORDINGTODIFFERENTPROTOCOLSANDRULES,THEHIGHERAUTHORITYCALLSFORTHEREPORTSFROMTHETEACHERSFORTRACKINGSTUDENTINFORMATIONLIKERESULTS,ATTENDANCE,ANDEXTRACURRICULARACTIVITIESTHISVERYDIFFICULTFORTHEMTOANALYZETHEDATAASWELLASTAKESUITABLEDECISIONSONDIFFERENTSCENARIOSINTHISASPECTTOOITISTEDIOUSJOBFORHIGHERAUTHORITIESTOINFORMTEACHERS,STUDENTS,REGARDINGMEETINGS,INSTRUCTIONSORPROTOCOLSTOBEFOLLOWED24GUARDIANSDURINGALLTHEPROCESSBYTRADITIONALMETHOD,THEGUARDIANSAREMOSTDEPRIVEDOFFACILITIESANDNOTTAKENCAREOFTHEGUARDIANSAREALMOSTUNAWAREOFTHEIRCHILDREN’SACTIVITIESINCOLLEGEASWELLASDIFFERENTASPECTSLIKEATTENDANCE,RESULTSETCINTHETRADITIONALMETHODTHEGUARDIANHASTOCALLORVISITTHECOLLEGETOTRACKTHEIRCHILD’SATTENDANCEORRESULTALTHOUGHTHEREISNOGUARANTEETHATTHERECORDSPROVIDEDTOTHEMMAYBEUPDATEDBECAUSETRADITIONALMETHODISVERYTIMECONSUMINGNOWWEHAVEALLSTUDIEDABROADLOOKOFTRADITIONALAPPROACHFOLLOWEDBYDIFFERENTPARTICIPANTSTOTRACKTHESTUDENTSTHISWHOLESYSTEMISVERYUNRELIABLEANDTIMECONSUMINGINTHISPAPERIWILLPROPOSEANANDROIDAPPLICATIONSUITEWHICHWILLBEACOMBINATIONFORALLTHESEPARTICIPANTSTHEREWILLBEDIFFERENTAPPLICATIONSINTHISSUITE25DISADVANTAGESOFEXISTINGSYSTEMTHEREAREMANYDISADVANTAGESINTHECONVENTIONALSYSTEMTHISSYSTEMISLESSORGANIZEDASWELLASHASLESSFLEXIBILITYTHESYSTEMUSESLOTOFPAPERWHICHISWASTEDATTHEENDOFTHEDAYITISTIMECONSUMINGASWELLASLESSUSERFRIENDLYTHESYSTEMISLESSINTEGRATEDASITDOESNOTHOLDTOGETHERTHEDIFFERENTPARTICIPANTSINSYSTEMSUCHASSTUDENTS,TEACHERS,ETCALSOITHASLESSAVAILABILITYASSTUDENTSCANNOTACCESSTHEIRATTENDANCEEASILY3PROPOSEDSYSTEMBASICALLYTHEPROPOSEDANDROIDSUITEWILLCONSISTSOFSERIESOFANDROIDAPPLICATIONS

簡介：RAPIDFABRICATIONOFTERAHERTZLENSVIATHREEDIMENSIONALPRINTINGTECHNOLOGYZHONGQIZHANG1,XULIWEI1,CHANGMINGLIU1,KEJIAWANG1,,JINSONGLIU1,ANDZHENGANGYANG21WUHANNATIONALLABORATORYFOROPTOELECTRONICS,HUAZHONGUNIVERSITYOFSCIENCEANDTECHNOLOGY,WUHAN430074,CHINA2SCHOOLOFOPTICALANDELECTRONICINFORMATION,HUAZHONGUNIVERSITYOFSCIENCEANDTECHNOLOGY,WUHAN430074,CHINACORRESPONDINGAUTHORWKJTODESINACOMRECEIVEDNOVEMBER9,2014ACCEPTEDDECEMBER22,2014POSTEDONLINEFEBRUARY23,2015WEDESIGNAPLANOCONVEXLENSWORKINGINTHETERAHERTZTHZFREQUENCYRANGEANDFABRICATEITUSINGTHREEDIMENSIONAL3DPRINTINGTECHNOLOGYA3DFIELDSCANNERISUSEDTOMEASUREITSFOCALPROPERTIES,ANDTHERESULTSAGREEWELLWITHTHENUMERICALSIMULATIONSTHEREFRACTIVEINDEXANDABSORPTIONCOEFFICIENTMEASUREMENTSVIATHZTIMEDOMAINSPECTROSCOPYTHZTDSREVEALTHATTHELENSMATERIALISHIGHLYTRANSPARENTATTHZFREQUENCIESITISEXPECTEDTHATTHISINEXPENSIVEANDRAPID3DPRINTINGTECHNOLOGYHOLDSPROMISEFORMAKINGVARIOUSTHZOPTICALELEMENTSOCISCODES2203630,0506875,3006495DOI103788/COL201513022201TERAHERTZTHZRADIATIONSAREELECTROMAGNETICWAVESTHATARELOCATEDINTHEFREQUENCYRANGEOF01–10THZDUETOTHEIRNONIONIZINGPROPERTIES,THZWAVESHAVEBEENAPPLIEDTOSECURITYSCANNING,ANDTONONINVASIVETESTING,SENSING,ANDCOMMUNICATION1–5TOEXTENDTHEAPPLICATIONSOFTHZTECHNOLOGY,OPTICALDEVICESWORKINGINTHETHZREGIMETOMANIPULATETHZWAVES,SUCHASWAVEPLATES,SPLITTERS,LENSES,ANDWAVEGUIDES,AREINGREATDEMAND6,7AMONGALLTHESECOMPONENTS,THELENSESCANFOCUSANDCOLLIMATETHETHZBEAM,SERVINGASTHEBASICOPTICALELEMENTINTHZIMAGINGSYSTEMSORDINARYGLASSESCOMMONLYUSEDATOPTICALFREQUENCIESAREUSELESSFORTHZAPPLICATIONS,OWINGTOTHEIRHIGHEXTRINSICDIELECTRICLOSSESINTHETHZRANGEFORTUNATELY,POLYMERSSHOWEXCELLENTTRANSPARENCYINTHETHZREGIMETYPICALPOLYMERS,SUCHASPOLYMETHYLPENTENE,HIGHDENSITYPOLYETHYLENE,ANDTSURUPIKA,HAVEBEENWIDELYUSEDTOCOMMERCIALLYFABRICATETHZLENSESANDWINDOWS8–11RECENTLY,AGREATAMOUNTOFRESEARCHEFFORTSHAVEBEENMADETOSEEKEASILYACCESSIBLEMATERIALSSUITABLEFORTHZAPPLICATIONSSIEMIONETALDEMONSTRATEDTHEABERRATIONCORRECTIONDIFFRACTIVEPAPERLENSFORLOWFREQUENCYTHZRADIATION12HANETALSUGGESTEDTHEPOSSIBILITYOFUSINGNATURALSTONESASTHZCOMPONENTS13UNLIKETRADITIONALREFRACTIVEBULKDEVICES,WHICHACHIEVEPHASEDELAYSASLIGHTPROPAGATESTHROUGHTHETHICKNESSOFTHEMATERIAL,NOVELFLATLENSESCANCREATEANABRUPTPHASESHIFTOFTHEOPTICALRESONATORSRIGHTATTHESURFACEOFTHELENSES14–16RECENTLY,ANULTRATHINTHZPLANARLENSHASBEENREPORTED,BUTLOWENERGYCONVERSIONEFFICIENCYHASRESTRICTEDITSPRACTICALAPPLICATIONS17RECENTADVANCESINARTIFICIALLYENGINEEREDMETAMATERIALS,WHICHSHOWRESONANCEPROPERTIESINTHETHZFREQUENCY,MAKEITPOSSIBLETOFABRICATEFUNCTIONALTHZDEVICES,SUCHASFILTERSANDTUBES18,19ASWEKNOW,COMMERCIALLENSESAREGENERALLYPOLISHEDVIACOMPUTERNUMERICALCONTROLMACHINING,WHICHISCOMPLICATEDANDTIMECONSUMINGINRECENTYEARS,THREEDIMENSIONAL3DPRINTINGCAMETOTHEFOREGROUNDASAVERYCOMPETITIVEPROCESSINTERMSOFCOSTANDSPEEDMANYWORKSHAVEREPORTEDONTHEAPPLICATIONSOF3DPRINTEDTHZDEVICES,INCLUDINGWAVEGUIDES,WOODPILESTRUCTURES,ANDCOMPUTERGENERATEDVOLUMEHOLOGRAMS7,20,21INOUREARLIERWORK,3DPRINTINGTECHNOLOGYWASEMPLOYEDTOMAKESPIRALPHASEPLATESTOGENERATEATHZVORTEXBEAM22,23INTHISLETTER,WEDESIGN,FABRICATE,ANDCHARACTERIZEAPLANOCONVEXTHZLENSFIG1THETHZTIMEDOMAINSPECTROSCOPYTHZTDSMEASUREMENTMETHODISUSEDTODETERMINETHEOPTICALCHARACTERISTICSOFTHELENSMATERIALITSHOULDBENOTEDTHATTHISPRINTINGMATERIALISHIGHLYTRANSPARENTINTHETHZREGIME,INDICATINGTHATITISANIDEALMATERIALTOCOMPOSETHZCOMPONENTSTHEDESIGNOFTHELENSISIMPLEMENTEDUSINGTHELENSMAKER’SFORMULA,ANDISASSISTEDBYTHEOPTICALDESIGNSOFTWAREZEMAX24THEFOCUSINGPERFORMANCEOFTHISLENSISCHARACTERIZEDWITHATHZPOINTSCANNINGSYSTEMEXPERIMENTALMEASUREMENTSCOINCIDEWITHTHEFINITEDIFFERENCETIMEDOMAINFDTDSIMULATIONSMOREOVER,THIS3DFIG1ATOPVIEWOFTHEPRINTEDLENSBSIDEVIEWOFTHEPRINTEDLENSCOL132,0222012015CHINESEOPTICSLETTERSFEBRUARY10,201516717694/2015/02220140222011?2015CHINESEOPTICSLETTERSLOCATEDATY≈100MMTOFURTHERINVESTIGATEITSFOCALPROPERTIES,THEONAXISINTENSITYDISTRIBUTIONBEHINDTHELENSCUTTINGALONGTHEHORIZONTALDOTTEDLINEINFIG4AISDEPICTEDINFIG4BTHEONAXISINTENSITYINCREASESGRADUALLY,REACHESITSMAXIMUMVALUE,ANDTHENDECREASESASTHEPROPAGATIONDISTANCEINCREASESTHEMAXIMALAXIALINTENSITYISLOCATEDATY?103MMSINCETHEMAINSURFACEOFTHEPLANOCONVEXLENSISLOCATEDATTHESPHERICALVERTEXY?645MM,ITCANBECONCLUDEDTHATTHEFOCALLENGTHWITHTHEFDTDSIMULATIONIS103–645?9655MM,CLOSETOTHEVALUEOF977MMOBTAINEDINTHETHEORETICALRESULTSTHERADIALINTENSITYDISTRIBUTIONOFTHEFOCALSPOTISSHOWNINFIG4CCUTTINGALONGTHEVERTICALDOTTEDLINEINFIG4ATHELATERALINTENSITYDISTRIBUTIONOFTHEFOCALSPOTACCORDSWITHTHEGAUSSIANFUNCTION,ANDTHESPOTSIZEISAROUND5MMAPOINTSCANNINGTESTISCONDUCTEDTOMEASURETHEFOCALPROPERTIESOFTHEPRINTEDLENS,WITHTHEEXPERIMENTALSETUPSHOWNINFIG5A100GHZGUNNDIODESPACEKLABSMODELGW102PCOUPLEDTOAFREQUENCYTRIPLERISUSEDASTHELIGHTSOURCEITDELIVERSAGAUSSIANBEAMAT300GHZTHEBEAMISCOLLIMATEDBYASPHERICALLENS,THENDIRECTEDTOOUR3DPRINTEDLENSANDFOCUSEDBEHINDTHELENSTHESCHOTTKYDIODEVIRGINIADIODES,INC,MOUNTEDONAMOTORIZEDX–Y–ZTRANSLATIONSTAGE,ISEMPLOYEDTODETECTTHEINTENSITYDISTRIBUTIONOFTHETHZBEAMBEHINDTHEPRINTEDLENSANOPTICALCHOPPERAT300HZ,WHICHISCONNECTEDTOALOCKINAMPLIFIERSTANF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簡介：此文檔是畢業(yè)設(shè)計外文翻譯成品（含英文原文中文翻譯），無需調(diào)整復(fù)雜的格式下載之后直接可用，方便快捷本文價格不貴,也就幾十塊錢一輩子也就一次的事外文標(biāo)題INTERNETEDUCATIONPOTENTIALPROBLEMSANDSOLUTIONS外文作者PREETISKARMA,JOKNMALEYEFF文獻出處INTERNATIONALJOURNALOFEDUCATIONALMANAGEMENT,VOL17ISS1PP1925,2018如覺得年份太老，可改為近2年，畢竟很多畢業(yè)生都這樣做英文4524單詞，28185字符字符就是印刷符，中文7102漢字。（如果字?jǐn)?shù)多了，可自行刪減，大多數(shù)學(xué)校都是要求選取外文的一部分內(nèi)容進行翻譯的。）INTERNETEDUCATIONPOTENTIALPROBLEMSANDSOLUTIONSKEYWORDSINTERNET,EDUCATION,BUSINESSEDUCATION,TECHNOLOGY,ETHICS,INTERPERSONALCOMMUNICATIONSABSTRACTTHEINTERNETHASBEENWELCOMEDBYEDUCATORSASAGREATTOOLFORUSEINTHECLASSROOMORTOCREATEVIRTUALCLASSROOMSITCANBEUSEDTOCONNECTSTUDENTSINDISPARATECOUNTRIESASWELLASANINCREASEINSTUDENTCOMFORTWITHTECHNOLOGYTHISPAPERHIGHLIGHTSSOMEOFTHEUNPLANNEDANDUNANTICIPATEDCONSEQUENCESTHATMIGHTBEENCOUNTEREDASTHEUSEOFTHEINTERNETINEDUCATIONINCREASESTHESECONSEQUENCESAREDISCUSSEDASPOTENTIALPROBLEMS,CATEGORISEDASPROBLEMSOFJUDGEMENT,DISTANCE,ANDETHICSIMPLICATIONSFOREDUCATORSANDADMINISTRATORSAREADDRESSEDBYSUGGESTINGCOURSEDESIGN,PEDAGOGICAL,ANDSTUDENTACTIVITYSOLUTIONSTHEINTERNETSEEMSTOBEAVIRTUALLYPERFECTINSTRUMENTOFEDUCATIONTHATOFFERSTHEUTMOSTCONVENIENCETOSTUDENTSWHILEOFFERINGENDLESSPOSSIBILITIESFORINNOVATIVETEACHINGAPPLEBOME,1999THEINTERNETREACHESNONTRADITIONALSTUDENTS,PROVIDESINTERACTIONWITHINDUSTRYEXPERTSSIEGEL,1996,ANDSEEMSTOPROVIDETHEPANACEAOFASELFPACED,CONVENIENTLEARNINGENVIRONMENTYET,ASNOTEDBYSUTERANDKOPP1998,PROBLEMOFETHICS,SINCETHEINTERNETCANBLURTHELINEBETWEENETHICALANDUNETHICALACTIONSTHEPAPERCONCLUDESWITHADISCUSSIONOFSTRATEGIESTHATEDUCATORSANDADMINISTRATORSCANUSEREGARDINGCOURSEDESIGN,COURSEDELIVERY,ANDSUGGESTEDSTUDENTACTIVITIESTHEPROBLEMOFJUDGEMENTONEPURPOSEOFMANAGEMENTEDUCATIONISTOTEACHSTUDENTSTOMAKESOUNDBUSINESSDECISIONSPARTOFTEACHINGSTUDENTSTOMAKEBETTERDECISIONSINVOLVESIMPROVINGTHEIRJUDGEMENT,WHICHREFERSTOTHECOGNITIVEELEMENTSOFTHEDECISIONMAKINGPROCESSBAZERMAN,1994ANIMPORTANTASPECTOFTHISCOGNITIVEPROCESSISTODETERMINEWHICHINFORMATIONTOUSEINARRIVINGATADECISIONINTHEDAYSBEFORETHEINTERNET,MANAGERSRECEIVEDINFORMATIONONLYFROMALIMITEDNUMBEROFSOURCESINFORMATIONCAMEFROMTHEIRSUPPLIERSORCUSTOMERS,FROMWITHINTHEORGANIZATION,FROMSERVICESTHATABUSINESSMIGHTSUBSCRIBETO,ORFROMSOMEPUBLICSOURCELIKETHEGOVERNMENTORTRADEPUBLICATIONSWITHTHEINTERNET,THENUMBEROFINFORMATIONSOURCESTHATAREEASILYACCESSIBLEHASDRAMATICALLYINCREASED,ALMOSTALLHAVINGAPURCHASEPRICEOFZEROMANAGERS,ASWELLASSTUDENTSBEINGTRAINEDTOBEFUTUREMANAGERS,HAVEBEGUNTOUSETHEINTERNETTOFINDINFORMATIONONALMOSTEVERYSUBJECTBUTTHEINTERNETHASAHUGE,OFTENCONTRADICTORYORSPURIOUS,AMOUNTOFINFORMATIONONSEVERALTOPICSTHISINFORMATIONMAYCONFLICTWITHOTHERREPUTABLEOFFLINESOURCESSUCHASSTANDARDTEXTBOOKSFORINSTANCE,THEINFORMATIONMAYBEINTHEFORMOFATHEORY,DISCREDITEDINTHEOFFLINEWORLDBUTPRESENTEDONANIMPRESSIVEWEBSITEINTHEONLINEWORLDOR,CONSIDERSITESTHATPOSTDATAWITHOUTCHECKINGITSSOURCEDUETOSTAFFLIMITATIONSWHILETHEPROBLEMSOFLEGITIMACYANDACCURACYHAVEALWAYSBEENPRESENT,THESPEEDATWHICHAWIDERAMOUNTOFINFORMATIONISAVAILABLECONVERTSAMINORNUISANCEINTOAMAJORPROBLEMINSHORT,THEREISAPROBLEMOFJUDGINGTHECREDIBILITYOFAWEBSITEESPECIALLYSINCEAPPEARANCEANDIMMEDIACYCANCREATETHEILLUSIONOFACCURACYMANAGEMENTPROFESSIONALSAREESPECIALLYVULNERABLEBECAUSETHEIRJOBINVOLVESEXTRACTINGANDUTILISINGINFORMATIONFROMTHEBUSINESSENVIRONMENTFOREXAMPLE,DECISIONSSUCHASWHICHSUPPLIERTODOBUSINESSWITH,MAYBEMADEBASEDLARGELYONINFORMATIONOBTAINEDOVERTHEWEBANOTHERPOTENTIALDANGERINTEACHINGCOURSESPRIMARILYWITHINTERNETBASEDMATERIALISTHATTHESTUDENTSMAYBEGINTOVIEWTHECOMPUTER,ANDBYEXTENSION,THEINTERNET,ASA