簡介：中文5400字文獻出處WAHIAK,VERMAK,VADEHRAREXTENSIVEUSEOFFACEBOOKMARKETINGBYENTREPRENEURSINGAININGAWIDERREACHJINTERNATIONALJOURNALOFVIRTUALCOMMUNITIESANDSOCIALNETWORKINGIJVCSN,2014,635362畢業(yè)論文外文資料翻譯畢業(yè)論文外文資料翻譯題目臉譜網(wǎng)營銷的廣泛應用幫助企業(yè)獲得更廣泛的市場學院管理學院專業(yè)市場營銷班級學生學號指導教師指導教師3GEHO,PR,ANDDANGELO,J2012HIGHLIGHTTHEMAJORTRENDSHIFTOFBUSINESSESINUSINGTRADITIONALMARKETINGMETHODSTOSOCIALMEDIAMARKETINGITSHOWCASESHOWBUSINESSESAREGREATLYBENEFITINGFROMTHEPOWERSOCIALMEDIAHOLDSANDBENEFITTHEYHAVEFROMMARKETINGTHROUGHITITALSOHIGHLIGHTSTHEFACTTHATWITHRISEOFANALYTICSTOOLEMBEDDEDINSOCIALMEDIAPLATFORMSFORANALYSISANDMEASUREMENTANDHOWEFFECTIVELYENTREPRENEURSCANTRACKANDMEASURETHEEFFECTANDRESPONSEOFANYOFTHEIRMARKETINGCAMPAIGNSANDHENCEEXECUTESOCIALMEDIAOPTIMIZATIONTHEPAPERALSODEALSWITHISSUESRELATEDTOQUANTIFYINGROIFROMSOCIALMEDIAMARKETINGANDHOWTHENEWFORMSOFSOCIALMEDIAFACEBOOK,LINKEDIN,TWITTERANDGOOGLEHAVEBEENVERYSUCCESSFULINTHEEFFICIENTPRECISIONOFHOWROICANBETRACKEDFROMSUCHACTIVITIESEVENONSOCIALMEDIAANDTHEVARIOUSAPPROACHESRELATEDTOITTHEPAPERSHOWCASESTWITTER,FACEBOOKBUSINESSPAGESANDANALYTICSTHROUGHFACEBOOKINSIGHTSKIRON,D,PALMER,D,PHILLIPS,AN,ANDKRUSCHWITZ,N2012THEPAPERFOCUSESONTHESOCIALBUSINESSESANDHOWTHEYCANEFFECTIVELYMAXIMIZETHEIRREACHTHEPAPERISDIVIDEDINTOVARIOUSPARTS,THEFOREMOSTPARTOFTHEPAPERTALKSABOUTHOWSOCIALBUSINESSESARENOWRADICALLYGROWING,ANDHOWTHEIRIMPORTANCEISEVIDENTINTHECURRENTSOCIALMEDIATRENDSTHEMIDDLEPARTOFTHEPAPERFOCUSESONTHECHALLENGESOFSOCIALBUSINESSESANDIDENTIFICATIONOFWHERETHECOREBUSINESSVALUELIESINTHESEBUSINESSES,WHICHISALSOSUPPLEMENTEDWITHPRACTICALINDUSTRYEXAMPLESOFVARIOUSENTREPRENEURSANDOTHERBUSINESSLEADERSANDHOWTHEYAREMANAGINGTHEIRVENTURES,THELATTERPORTIONOFTHEPAPERSHOWCASESHOWSOCIALBUSINESSCANBEACTUALIZEDANDHIGHLIGHTSHOWASOCIALBUSINESSCANIMPLEMENTITSELFANDGROWANDTHERECOMMENDEDWAYSTODOITMALHOTRA,A,KUBOWICZ,C,ANDSEE,A2013HIGHLIGHTSHOWABUSINESSCANLEVERAGETHEPOWEROFFACEBOOKTOCREATEBRANDENGAGEMENT,ANDTALKSABOUTSPECIFICALLY,EIGHTWAYSTOINCREASETHENUMBEROFFACEBOOK“LIKES”FORAPOST,THEFIVEKINDSOFFACEBOOKMESSAGESWHICHHOLDALOWPROBABILITYTOBE“LIKED”,ANDHOWFACEBOOKMARKETINGANDCUSTOMERENGAGEMENTTHOUGHTITISBECOMINGAMAINSTREAMMARKETINGSTRATEGYFACEBOOKPAGESANDTHEIRPOWERFACEBOOKPAGESHAVEREVOLUTIONIZEDTHEWHOLEWEBEXPERIENCETHEYARECLEARLYBEINGUSEDMORETHANINDIVIDUALCORPORATEWEBSITESFORBRANDENGAGEMENTENTREPRENEURSAREGOINGFORFACEBOOKPAGESRATHERTHANAWEBSITETOREPRESENTTHEIRBRAND,ASONEOFTHEREASONSISTHESOLEFACTTHATCUSTOMERENGAGEMENTSIGNIFICANTLYINCREASESONHAVINGYOUROWNBUSINESSPAGEONFACEBOOKASTHEREAREACTIVEFANSANDPOTENTIALFANSWITHWHOMTHEBUSINESSOWNERCANINTERACTWITHENTREPRENEURS,WHOLACKTHEFINANCIALRESOURCESTOHAVEADOMAINNAME,HOSTINGSPACEORTHEIROWNWEBSTORAGE,CANWIDELYLEVERAGEFACEBOOKPAGESFORSHOWCASINGTHEIRPRODUCTSANDINCREASEDCUSTOMERINTERACTION,ANDTHEBESTPARTISTHATTHEYCANMEASURETHEEFFECTOFTHEIRACTIVITIES,EVENTSANDCAMPAIGNSWITHANALYTICTOOLFACEBOOKINSIGHTSHOWARETHEENTREPRENEURSLEVERAGINGFACEBOOK’SPOWERFACEBOOKHASNOWADDEDAPLETHORAOFFEATURESFORINDIVIDUALSANDBUSINESSESPROMOTING

簡介：中文中文2440字英文翻譯題目THEBALANCEFILTER專業(yè)班級2010電氣工程及其自動化02學號姓名指導教師學院名稱電氣信息學院2014年5月30日讀來自傳感器的值讀來自傳感器的值第一步是在模擬輸入通過模擬數(shù)字轉換器ADC為每個傳感器和讓他們成有用的單位。這需要調(diào)整抵消和規(guī)模?偏移量很容易發(fā)現(xiàn)看看整數(shù)值時傳感器讀取水平和/或固定。如果它閃爍,選擇平均價值。偏移量應是有符號INTTYPE變量或常數(shù)。?取值范圍取決于傳感器。這可以在傳感器數(shù)據(jù)表或?qū)嶒?。它有時被稱為傳感器常數(shù),增益,或靈敏度。取值范圍應該是一個浮子式變量或常數(shù)。關于加速度傳感器一些額外的知識關于加速度傳感器一些額外的知識如果有必要有一個估計的角度旋轉360o,Y軸測量將是有用的,但不是必要的。有了它,我們可以用三角找到的逆切兩軸數(shù)據(jù)和計算角度。沒有它,我們?nèi)匀豢梢允褂谜一蛴嘞液蚗軸角,因為我們知道重力的大小。但三角函數(shù)會浪費處理器時間是非線性的,所以如果這是可以避免的,它應該被避免。平衡平臺,最重要的角度來衡量接近垂直。如果這個平臺在兩個方向傾斜超過30o,有可能不是控制器可以做其他的多全速開車試圖抓住它。在這個窗口中,我們可以使用小角度近似和軸節(jié)省處理器時間和編碼復雜度

簡介：本文是中英雙語對照畢業(yè)設計論文外文文獻翻譯，下載之后無需調(diào)整復雜的格式直接可用一輩子也就一次的事文獻引用作者出處信息JINXINZHANG,XIAOHUIYANGTAOLI,JIAMINBAOADETECTIONSYSTEMOFANDROIDAPPLICATIONBASEDONPERMISSIONANALYSISC2018COMMUNICATIONSSECURITYCONFERENCECSC2018如覺得年份太老，可改為近2年，畢竟很多畢業(yè)生都這樣做英文3181單詞，20964字符字符就是印刷符，中文4896漢字。（如果字數(shù)多了，可自行刪減，大多數(shù)學校都是要求選取外文的一部分內(nèi)容進行翻譯的。）ADETECTIONSYSTEMOFANDROIDAPPLICATIONBASEDONPERMISSIONANALYSISKEYWORDSANDROID,SECURITYMECHANISM,PERMISSIONDETECTIONABSTRACTSINCETHEOPENNESSOFANDROIDPLATFORMLEADSTOAMESSOFPRIVACYLEAKSANDPROPERTYDAMAGESOFUSERS,ANOVELDETECTIONSYSTEMBASEDONTHEPERMISSIONANALYSISFORANDROIDAPPLICATIONSAPPSISPROPOSEDTHEPROPOSEDDETECTIONSYSTEMCANBEINCORPORATEDWITHCOMPUTERTERMINALSASWELLASMOBILETERMINALS,ANDCANDETECTTHEPERMISSIONINFORMATIONOFAPPSANDCHECKTHESENSITIVEPERMISSIONTHEAPPSPOSSESSINADDITION,THEDETECTSYSTEMCANPROVIDEASECONDARYJUDGEMENTOFAPPSTOGUARANTEETHEINFORMATIONANDPROPERTYSECURITYOFTHEUSERS1INTRODUCTION11ANDROIDSECURITYSTATUSANDROIDISANOPENSOURCEMOBILEOPERATINGSYSTEMDEVELOPEDBASEDONLINUXSYSTEMANDINTRODUCEDBYGOOGLEANDITSOPENHANDSETALLIANCE1CURRENTLY,ANDROIDHASBEENWIDELYUSEDINMOBILEPHONES,TABLETPCS,LAPTOPSANDOTHERSMARTMOBILEDEVICESACCORDINGTOTHEDATAREPORTRELEASEDBYMARKETRESEARCHFIRMCANALYSONMAY30,INTHEFIRSTQUARTEROF2013,THEGLOBALSMARTMOBILEEQUIPMENTSHIPMENTSLISTDIRECTLYFROMTHEANDROIDSYSTEMSETTINGSBASEDONTHERESEARCHOFTHEANDROIDSECURITYMECHANISMSANDTHEANALYSISOFTHEPOTENTIALSECURITYPROBLEMSTHEABOVEPHENOMENONMAYLEADTO,ASYSTEMCOMBINEDWITHPCANDCELLPHONESIDEISDESIGNEDANDDEVELOPEDINTHISPAPER,WHICHCANTHOROUGHLYDETECTTHEPERMISSIONSINFORMATIONSOFTHEUNINSTALLEDANDROIDPACKAGESAPKASWELLASTHEINSTALLEDAPPTHEPROPOSEDSYSTEMCANDETECTTHENUMBEROFTHEPERMISSIONSTHATTHEAPPSOFTWAREAPPLIEDFORPRECISELYANDWILLSHOWTHEDETAILEDLISTOFTHEPERMISSIONSBYESTABLISHINGTHEDATABASE,THEDETECTIONSYSTEMCANGIVEDETAILEDANDCLEARDESCRIPTIONOFEACHPERMISSIONANDTHESECURITYPROBLEMSMAYBECAUSEDBYTHEPERMISSIONITMAKESNORMALUSERSWHOLACKOFPROFESSIONALKNOWLEDGEUNDERSTANDTHEROLEOFTHEAPPLIEDAPPPERMISSIONSEASILY,ANDRAISESAWARENESSOFTHESAFETYOFUSERSINADDITION,THESYSTEMCANPROVIDEUSERSTOSEARCHALLTHEAPPSFORTHEONESTHATUSEASPECIFICSENSITIVEPERMISSIONINTHISWAY,THESYSTEMCANASSISTUSERSTOSCREENOUTTHEMALICIOUSSOFTWARESANDPROTECTTHESECURITYOFANDROIDSYSTEM2ANDROIDSPECIFICSECURITYMECHANISMSANDROIDSYSTEMSUPPORTSMULTIPLATFORMOPERATION,WHICHUSESTHEVERSIONOFTHEKERNELOFLINUX26,ANDUSESDALVIKVIRTUALMACHINEASANAPPRUNTIMEENVIRONMENTANDROIDSYSTEMHASALAYEREDARCHITECTURE4FORMTHEBOTTOMTOTHETOP,THEREAREFIVELAYERS,WHICHARETHELINUXKERNEL,THELOCALLIBRARY,THEANDROIDRUNTIMEENVIRONMENT,THEAPPFRAMEWORKANDTHEAPPDURINGDESIGNINGANDDEVELOPINGTHEANDROIDOPERATINGSYSTEM,GOOGLENOTONLYINHERITSTHEDESIGNINGIDEAOFLINUX,BUTALSOSETSACORRESPONDINGSECURITYMECHANISMINEACHLAYERMOREOVER,GOOGLEALSOSETSTWOKINDSOFANDROIDSPECIFICSECURITYMECHANISMSSIGNATUREANDAPPPERMISSIONCONTROL21SIGNATUREMECHANISMALLANDROIDAPPSMUSTHAVEADIGITALCERTIFICATE,DUETOTHATTHESYSTEMWILLNOTINSTALLANAPPTHATDOESN’THAVEADIGITALCERTIFICATEUNLIKEOTHERPLATFORMS,ANDROIDAPPSIGNATURENOTONLYINDICATESTHEPUBLISHEROFTHEAPK,BUTALSOPROVIDESVALIDATIONOFTHEINTEGRITYANDRELIABILITYOFTHEPROGRAMFORTHOSEWHOATTEMPTTOTAMPERWITHTHEAPKFILE,THESYSTEMWILLFORCETHEMTORESIGNTHEAPKUNDERTHECONDITIONTHATTHEAUTHORSSIGNATUREPRIVATEKEYDOESNOTLEAK,THEFAKESIGNATUREIS

簡介：THEDESIGNOFINTELLIGENTGASMETERGASMETERISAGASFLOWMETERTHEYAREINCLUDEDINTHENATIONALDIRECTORYOFSTRONGCOMPULSORYSEIZURETESTMEASURINGINSTRUMENTSGASMETERINGSYSTEMHASBEENDEVELOPINGCONSTANTLYFROMUNENLIGHTENEDMECHANICALTOINTELLIGENTNOWADAYS,MADEPEOPLESLIVESHASBEENFACILITATEDINTHEPASTFORALONGPERIODOFTIME,WEUSEMOSTOFALLMECHANICALINTHEINTERNATIONAL,WITHTHECONTINUOUSADVANCEMENTOFELECTRONTECHNOLOGY,ELECTRONTYPEGASMETERHAVEALSOEMERGEDINOTHERCOUNTRY,BUTTHEREISSTILLALOTOFNONCONVENIENCECURRENTLYMECHANICALGASMETERGIVEAGREATDEALOFINCONVENIENCETOMANAGEMENTANDUSERS,THATIS,ISSUEOFMETERREADINGWETAKEORIGINALBACKWARDARTIFICIALWAYTOLOOKUPTABLECHARGESGENERALLYTHISCHARGINGMETHODHASSEVERALMAJORDISADVANTAGESOCCUPYAGREATDEALOFMANPOWERMANYDRAWBACKSOFARTIFICIALLYINEFFICIENTANDCREATEDAGREATWASTEOFHUMAN,MATERIAL,TIMETOMANAGEDEPARTMENTTHEREFORE,RESEARCHANDDEVELOPMENTANEWTYPEOFGASMETERCHARGINGSYSTEMISNECESSARYABROAD,INTELLIGENTGASMETERINGSYSTEMISALSODEVELOPING,ANDTHEYHAVEAUTOMATICBILLING,ASWELLASALARMFUNCTION,TOPROTECTTHEBENEFITSOFTHEGASCOMPANYANDTHEUSERSINCHINA,GASMETERREMAINSATAFAIRLYLOWLEVEL,MOSTOFTHEPRODUCTSJUSTTOPLAYAROLEOFSWITCHING,ANDTHEDEVELOPMENTOFINTELLIGENTTABLEALSOSTAGNATEDATAVERYLOWLEVEL,ALTHOUGHTHEREAREALOTOFMANUFACTURERSTOPRODUCTTHEINTELLIGENTGASMETERHOWEVER,VERYFEWSOPHISTICATEDPRODUCTSTHEYIMPROVETHEPRODUCTSONTHEBASISOFFOREIGNTECHNOLOGYACCORDINGTOTHEACTUALSITUATION,MOSTLYTHEUSEOFICCARDTECHNOLOGYANDMANUFACTURERSCANNOTBESIMULTANEOUSLYLARGEQUANTITIESOFPRODUCTSINTHEVIEWTHEACTUALSITUATION,WEREFERENCETOALREADYEXISTPRODUCT,ACCORDINGTOTHEIDEAOFIT,ANDTODESIGNTHEINTELLIGENTGASMETERTHESYSTEMOFTHEINTELLIGENTHAVEAPPLICATIONOFADVANCEDICCARDBILLINGFUNCTIONS,USEOFTHEREMOTECOMMUNICATIONS,TOCONNECTTHECOMPUTERWITHALLUSERTERMINALSUNDERCONTROLBYSINGLECHIP,ANDHAVETHEBESTANTICHEATINGFUNCTION,PREVENTUSERSFROMSTEALINGGASTOMAKETHEGASASACOMMODITYAFTERFIRSTUSE,THEGASCOMPANYCANBETOACCELERATECASHFLOW,ELIMINATETHEARREARSOFTHEPHENOMENONOFGASCHARGESHAPPENEDITCOMPLETELYOVERCOMESTHEMECHANICALDISADVANTAGEOFTHEGASMETER,REDUCETHEARTIFICIALFACTORSIMPROVEWORKEFFICIENCYSAVINGTHEMANAGERS’TIMEATTHESAMETIME,THEMETERINGSYSTEMALSOTAKESANUMBEROFWAYSTOENHANCEITSPRACTICALITYINUSING,SUCHASTRANSPARENCYOFUSERDATA,USERSCANVIEWINTUITIVETHEIROWNUSAGEAMOUNT,ASWELLASTHEBALANCEOFTHECARDINORDERTOIMPROVETHERELIABILITYOFTHEUSING110592MHZCRYSTALOSCILLATOR,SOTHATMOREACCURATECLOCK,THECHIPCANBEUSEDTOENTERPOWERSAVINGPROGRAMSTATEONTHECIRCUIT,THATIS,WHENUSERSTURNOFFTHEGASVALVEAFTERTHEGASMETERDOESNOTAPPLY,THEPROCEDURETHATWOULDALLOWTHECIRCUITTOENTERPOWERSAVINGMODE,SAVEPOWERCONSUMPTIONSECOND,BILLINGTHEGASMETERBILLINGSYSTEMISTHROUGHNONCONTACTLESSSMARTCARDREADERIMPLEMENTATION,ANDUSINGMCSRC500CONTACTLESSSMARTCARDREADERSINGLECHIPCOMMUNICATION,PROGRAMDESIGNISFLEXIBLE,EASYTODEVELOP,ANDCOMMUNICATEWITHTHECOMPUTER,MANAGETHEUSERSDATATHROUGHTHECOMPUTERSOFTWARETHEUSERMUSTBEGOTOTHEGASCOMPANIESTOPURCHASEGASBEFOREUSERSGAS,THEN,PURCHASETHEVOLUMEOFGASINTOTHEUSERCARD,THENCARDSWILLBEPURCHASEDTHEGASINTOTHEGASMETERINSIDETHEHOUSETHROUGHTHECARD,THEELECTROMAGNETICVALVETOBEOPENBYCONTROLWITHSINGLECHIPMICROCOMPUTER,THEUSERCANBENORMALUSEITTHROUGHTHEFLOWSENSOR,THESYSTEMMEASUREDTHEGASVOLUMEHASBEENUSEDANDAUTOTOMINUSTHEPURCHASEGAS,WHENDEPOSITGASLITTLEORDEPOSITGASRUNOUT,THEELECTROMAGNETICVALVEWILLBECLOSEDANDTHEALARMCIRCUITWILLBETOREMINDTHEUSERTORENEWATTHESAMETIMEUSERSWILLONCEAGAINPURCHASEDGASINTOTHECARDTHECIRCUITTHROUGHTHESERIALPORTWITHTHEMCSRC500COMMUNICATION,THEREFORETHEDESIGNOFHARDWARECIRCUITSADDSAMAX232CIRCUIT,IMPLEMENTDATAEXCHANGEOFTHESINGLECHIPWITHTHESMARTCARDSTHIRD,DISPLAYMODULETHESYSTEMSHOWSTHEUSEOFLCDMODULE1602,LCD1602ISACOMMON162LINES,68CHARACTERDOTMATRIXLCDMODULEITISWIDELYUSEDINSMARTINTELLIGENTINSTRUMENTATION,COMMUNICATIONS,OFFICEAUTOMATIONEQUIPMENT,ANDITSCHARACTERGENERATORROMHAVESOMETHEIRMEDIUMOWNFIGURESANDLETTERSOFTHEALPHABET,SOMESPECIALSYMBOLSLIBRARYOFCHARACTERS,WECANUSE1602TOSETUPEIGHT68DOTMATRIXFONTCHARACTERISTICSOFCUSTOM,ITBEABLETOMEETTHEREQUIREMENTSFORUSER,ANDLCDMODULE1602SUITABLESIZE,EASYTOINSTALL,INORDERTOSAVEENERGY,THELCDMODULE1602‘POWERISCONTROLLEDBYSINGLECHIPINDESIGN,WHENTHESYSTEMNEEDTODISPLAY,THEPOWERWILLBESUPPLY,OTHERWISE,NOPOWERSUPPLYRT1602CUSETHESTANDARD16PININTERFACE,WHICHLEFTTHISPORTFROM1FOOTTO16FOOTNO1PINVSSTOPOWERGROUNDNO2PINSUPPLYVOLTAGEFORLOGICNO3PININPUTFORADJUSTINGTHELCDCONTRAST,ANDWHENTHEPOWERISTHEWEAKESTCONTRAST,THEHIGHESTCONTRASTRATIOOFGROUNDPOWER,CONTRASTTOOHIGHWILLLEADTO“GHOSTING“,WHENUSEDBYA10KPOTENTIOMETERTOADJUSTTHECONTRASTNO4PINRSTOREGISTERSELECT,”H”

簡介：此文檔是畢業(yè)設計外文翻譯成品（含英文原文中文翻譯），無需調(diào)整復雜的格式下載之后直接可用，方便快捷本文價格不貴,也就幾十塊錢一輩子也就一次的事外文標題HYBRIDDATABASESYSTEMOFMYSQLANDMONGODBINWEBAPPLICATIONDEVELOPMENT外文作者GREGORIUSONGO，GEDEPUTRAKUSUMA文獻出處2019INTERNATIONALCONFERENCEONINFORMATIONMANAGEMENTANDTECHNOLOGYICIMTECH如覺得年份太老，可改為近2年，畢竟很多畢業(yè)生都這樣做英文3297單詞，19987字符字符就是印刷符，中文5223漢字。（如果字數(shù)多了，可自行刪減，大多數(shù)學校都是要求選取外文的一部分內(nèi)容進行翻譯的。）HYBRIDDATABASESYSTEMOFMYSQLANDMONGODBINWEBAPPLICATIONDEVELOPMENTABSTRACTTHEINCREASINGAMOUNTOFDATATHATNEEDTOBEPROCESSEDINACOMPANYAREAFFECTINGTHEPERFORMANCESOFTHEDATABASESYSTEMRELATIONALDATABASEMANAGEMENTSYSTEMRDBMSISACOMMONLYUSEDDATABASESYSTEM,BUTALSOKNOWNTOHAVINGADECREASEDPERFORMANCEWHENHANDLINGHIGHAMOUNTOFDATANOSQLISANALTERNATIVESTORAGEOPTIONTHATISDIFFERENTTHANRDBMSANDKNOWNFORFASTERPERFORMANCEWHENHANDLINGHIGHAMOUNTOFDATAINTHISCONTRIBUTION,WECOMPARETHEPERFORMANCESBETWEENRDBMSMYSQLANDAHYBRIDMODELOFMYSQLANDNOSQLMONGODBWHENBEINGUSEDONAWEBAPPLICATIONWEIMPLEMENTEDASIMPLESOCIALMEDIAWEBSITETOEVALUATETHEPERFORMANCEOFUSINGDIFFERENTDATABASEMODELSTHEWEBSITEISEQUIPPEDWITHCHATANDPROFILEVIEWFEATURESEXPERIMENTSAREPERFORMEDUSINGRANDOMLYGENERATEDUSERPROFILESANDCHATDATABASEDONOUREVALUATIONS,THEHYBRIDDATABASEOFMYSQLANDMONGODBACHIEVESHIGHERREADANDWRITEPERFORMANCESTHANTHEMYSQLALONEMEANWHILEMYSQLCANHANDLEMORESENSITIVEDATAANDMAINTAININGDATACONSISTENCYTHEHYBRIDMODELDATABASEMYSQLANDMONGODBUSESLESSDISKSPACETHANMYSQLALONE,BUTUSESMORERAMWEALSOOBSERVEDTHATNOSQLTHATUSESDOCUMENTSYSTEMALTHOUGHRDBMSHAVEAGOODREPUTATION,RDBMSTENDSTOHAVEDECREASEDPERFORMANCEWITHTHEINCREASINGDATAUSAGEINTHESYSTEMTHEREPLICATIONOFTHERELATIONALDATABASECANBELIMITEDTHERELATIONALDATABASESAREALSOMADEBASEDONCONSISTENCYRATHERTHANAVAILABILITY4NOSQL,ONOTHERHAND,HASADIFFERENTREPUTATIONITISKNOWNTOBEGOODATSTORINGHIGHAMOUNTOFDATATHESCHEMEFREECHARACTERISTICOFNOSQLMADETHESCALABILITYOFTHEDATABASEBETTERHOWEVER,THESEADVANTAGESCOMEWITHSACRIFICES,SUCHASWEAKERSECURITYORLESSERDATACONSISTENCYTHEINCREASINGAMOUNTOFDATATHATNEEDTOBEPROCESSEDINACOMPANYAREAFFECTINGTHEPERFORMANCESOFTHEDATABASESYSTEMHARDWAREUPGRADESAREALSONEEDEDTOMAKETHESYSTEMPERFORMANCEBACKTOITSEXPECTEDLEVEL5THEOTHEREFFECTOFTHETECHNOLOGYADVANCESISBIGDATATHEBIGDATAISMORECOMMONTOBEFOUNDINBIGCOMPANIES,ANDMANAGINGBIGDATACANBEAKEYINCOMPETINGWITHOTHERCOMPANIES6THEREFORE,WEPROPOSEAHYBRIDDATABASESYSTEMOFMYSQLANDMONGODBTOIMPROVETHEPERFORMANCEOFAWEBAPPLICATIONBYHARNESSINGTHECAPABILITIESOFTHERDMSANDNOSQLDATABASEMODELSTHEABILITYOFTHERDBMSINSTORINGSENSITIVEDATACOMPLEMENTSTHEABILITYOFNOSQLINPROCESSINGHIGHAMOUNTOFDATATHEPROPOSEDHYBRIDDATABASESYSTEMISIMPLEMENTEDUSINGMYSQLFORRELATIONALDATABASEANDMONGODBFORNOSQLIIRELATEDWORKSHYBRIDDATABASEMODELISADATABASESYSTEMTHATUSESTWOORMOREDIFFERENTDATABASEMODELSINASYSTEM7THISMODELISPREFERREDBECAUSESOMETIMESTHESTOREDDATAISNOTALWAYSSUITABLEWITHTHEDATABASEMODELBEINGUSEDTHEREFORE,COOKTRIEDTOCOMBINETWODATABASESTHATHAVEDIFFERENTMODELSOBJECTORIENTEDDATABASEANDRELATIONALDATABASE8FROMTHEEXPERIMENTS,COOKFOUNDSSOMEBENEFITSINUSINGMULTIPLEDATABASEMODELSINASYSTEM,SUCHASFLEXIBILITYINCOMPLEXDATATYPES,THEDATAMAYNEEDTOBEFORCEDTOFITTHESTORAGEMODELTHATISBEINGUSEDINTHESYSTEMHYBRIDDATABASEMODELCANINCREASETHEFLEXIBILITYOFTHESYSTEMTOSTOREDIFFERENTTYPESOFDATAINCREASEDPERFORMANCELEVERAGINGTHESTRENGTHSOFMULTIPLESTORAGEMODELSIMPROVESTHESYSTEMPERFORMANCELOGICALDISTRIBUTIONTHEDISTRIBUTIONOFDATAISBETTERANDTHENUMBEROFFORCEDDATA

簡介：BASEDONMONOLITHICINTEGRATEDCIRCUITAUTOMOBILESECURITYALARMSYSTEMDESIGNABSTRACTDECODESTHEAUTOMOBILESECURITYSYSTEMUSINGTHEMONLITCHISINTEGRATEDCIRCUITINTERIORRESOURCESREALIZATIONJUMPCODE,ITEACHTIMEUSESTHEREMOTECONTROLPASSWORDALLISCHANGING,BOTHENHANCEDTHESYSTEMSECURITY,ANDGREATLYREDUCEDTHECOSTKEYWORDMONOLITHICINTEGRATEDCIRCUIT,AUTOMOBILESECURITYSYSTEM,CODE/DECODEINTRODUCTIONISUNCEASINGLYPROGRESSIVEALONGWITHTHESOCIALECONOMYANDTHEHIGHTECHRAPIDDEVELOPMENT,INTHEROUTINEWORKANDTHELIFE,THEAUTOMOBILEHASBECOMETHEPEOPLEIDEALTRANSPORTATIONVEHICLEBUTTHEFOLLOWINGMOTORVEHICLETHECASEWHICHROBBEDGRADUALLYISALSOINCREASEDHASCREATEDTHEPILOTECONOMICALPROPERTYLOSSINORDERTOREDUCETHEAUTOMOBILETOROBTHEEVENTTHEFORMATIONRATE,FORHASTHEAUTOMOBILETHEUSERTOPROVIDETHESAFETYCONTROL,SIMPLYDEVELOPSONEKINDTOBERELIABLE,THEEASEOFOPERATION,CANSENDOUTINTHEDISCOVERYNORMALCONDITIONTOTHEPILOTREPORTSTOTHEPOLICETHEREMINDERANDTHESECURITYWARNINGSAFETYSYSTEMHASTHEPRACTICALSIGNIFICANCETHISARTICLEBASEDONTOTHEEXISTINGAUTOMOBILESECURITYALARMSYSTEMGENERALIZEDANALYSIS,DEVELOPSONEKINDOFBRANDNEWSECURITYALARMSYSTEMTHISSYSTEMHASMAINLYUSEDTHEJUMPCODECODE/DECODINGPRINCIPLE,CAUSESTHEOVERALLSYSTEMTOBESAFER,GREATLYREDUCESPASSWORDEXPLAININGRATE1SYSTEMPRINCIPLEOFWORKTHEAUTOMOBILESECURITYALARMSYSTEMTHEREMOTECONTROLWHICHCARRIESBYTHEDRIVERANDINSTALLSINTHEAUTOMOBILETHECONTROLLERTWOPARTSCOMPOSESTHEREMOTECONTROLANDTHECONTROLLERALLUSEEIGHTCMOSWHICHAMERICANATMELCORPORATIONPRODUCESTHEAVRMONOLITHICINTEGRATEDCIRCUIT,THISSERIESMONOLITHICINTEGRATEDCIRCUITBASEDONNEWSIMPLIFIESINSTRUCTIONRTHEISCSTRUCTURE,INCLUDESTHESERVICELIFEMOSTTOBEFEWIS1,000TIMEWRITES/SCRATCHESTHECIRCULATIONTHEFLASHPROGRAMMEMORY,ASWELLASTHESERVICELIFEATLEASTIS100,000TIMEWRITES/SCRATCHESTHECIRCULATIONETHEEPROMDATACARRIERSTORAGE,SOME2ONLYHAVEWHENTHEENTIREPIECEUSESVD5026/27,PT2262/72,HT12E/DANDSOONTHEGENERALCODE/DECODESTHEELECTRICCIRCUIT,ITSPASSWORDDECIDEDBYTHECOMPONENTADDRESS,EACHSETOFSECURITYSYSTEMSUSEAFIXEDINVARIABLEPASSWORDALONGWITHTHEMICROPROCESSINGTECHNOLOGYDEVELOPMENT,THROUGHTHERECEIVEREMOTECONTROLTRANSMITTINGMESSAGE,MAYINTERCEPTTHISFIXEDPASSWORD,MOREOVERGENERALARRANGESTHEDECODINGADDRESSTOLOSETHEPERSONTOCARRYTHECOMPONENTSIZELIMIT,ITSQUANTITYISIMPOSSIBLETOOMUCH,CANOBTAINNOTREPEATEDLYCODESVERYISALSOLIMITED,ALSOCANVERYQUICKLYEXPLAINTHEPASSWORDWITHTHEAUTOMATICSCANNERTHEREFORE,THISKINDOFPASSWORDFIXEDINVARIABLEAUTOMOBILESECURITYSYSTEMHASRECEIVEDTHESERIOUSTHREATDECODESTHEAUTOMOBILESECURITYSYSTEMUSINGTHEMONOLITHICINTEGRATEDCIRCUITINTERIORRESOURCESREALIZATIONJUMPCODE,ITEACHTIMEUSESTHEREMOTECONTROLPASSWORDALLISCHANGING,WITHTHEPASSWORDNOLONGERDUPLICATESUSES,CAUSESTHEINTERCEPTIONPASSWORDALSOISMAKESAFUTILEEFFORT,INADDITION,ITMAYINCREASETHEENOUGHMANYPASSWORDSFIGURE,ENHANCESTHESYSTEMRESISTANCEILLEGALSCANNINGTHEABILITYTHEREMOTECONTROLCODINGALTOGETHERHAS12BYTES,SEPARATELYBY3BYTESCODESCHANNELSCODE,3BYTESCODESFOREWORDSNUMBER,5BYTESJUMPSCODES,1BYTEPRESSEDKEYOPERATIONCODEISCOMPOSEDENCODEDFRONTADDSONLOGICINEACHBYTE0TOTAKETHEOUTSETPOSITION,ENCODEDBEHINDADDSONALOGICAL1ACHIEVEMENTINEACHBYTETOSTOPTHEPOSITION,ANDINMOSTFRONTADDSONSEVERALLOGIC1TOTAKETHEGUIDANCESIGNAL,THISCONSTITUTEDTHESERIALCODEDSIGNALWHICHUSESINTOTRANSMITTHECODECHANNELCODEUSESINTOEXPRESSTHEREMOTECONTROLSTATUSEACHSETOFSYSTEMSUSEAFIXEDCHANNELCODETHECODEFOREWORDNUMBERUSESINTORECORDTHEENCODEDORDER,ITSSTARTINGVALUEIS0,THEMONOLITHICINTEGRATEDCIRCUITEVERYTIMECODESATIME,THECODEFOREWORDNUMBERUPWARDLYCOUNTSTIMETHECODECHANNELCODEANDTHECODEFOREWORDNUMBERDEPOSITSINMONOLITHICINTEGRATEDCIRCUITEEPROM,GUARANTEESTHEMPOWERCUTTHEINFLUENCETHEJUMPCODEISTHESYSTEMATICTRUEPASSWORD,ITPASSESTHROUGHTHECOMPLEXSPECIALALGORITHMBYTHECODECHANNELCODEANDTHECODEFOREWORDNUMBERTOEXTRACT,THISSPECIALALGORITHMFOREIGNSECURITYTHEPRESSEDKEYOPERATIONCODEBYTHEPRESSEDKEYWHICHPRESSESWASDECIDED,WHEN“THEHYPOTHESIS“THEKEYISPRESSEDDOWN,ITSCODEDECIDESAS01HWHEN“RELIEVES“THEKEYPRESSESDOWN,ITSCODEDECIDESAS00HWHETHERISTHEDECODINGCONFIRMSRECEIVETHECODELEGITIMATEASERIESOFOPERATINGPROCESSWASCONFIRMEDTHELEGITIMATECODENEEDSTOSATISFYTHREECONDITIONS1CODESTHECHANNELCODEANDTHEDECODINGCHANNELCODEISSAME2CODEDTHEFOREWORDNUMBERTOBEBIGGERTHANTHEDECODINGFOREWORDNUMBERDECODING

簡介：2600單詞，單詞，13500英文字符，中文英文字符，中文4200字出處出處TUHTHECULTURALCONNOTATIONANDSYMBOLICMEANINGOFCHINESEOPERAMASKCOLORC//INTERNATIONALCONFERENCEONEDUCATION,LANGUAGE,ARTANDINTERCULTURALCOMMUNICATION2017（40）466468THECULTURALCONNOTATIONANDSYMBOLICMEANINGOFCHINESEOPERAMASKCOLORHANBINGTUJILINAGRICULTURALUNIVERSITYJILIN,CHINAABSTRACTCOLORISANIMPORTANTPARTOFCHINESEOPERAMASKITNOTONLYCONVEYSCHINESEUNIQUECUSTOMOFCOLORANDCULTURALCONNOTATIONTHROUGHCOLORLINEANDCOLORBLOCK,BUTALSOENDOWSTHEOPERAMASKARTWITHRICHSYMBOLICMEANINGANDAESTHETICSIGNIFICANCETAKINGTHECOLORSOFCHINESEOPERAMASKASRESEARCHOBJECT,THEPAPERHASSTUDIEDTHECULTURALCONNOTATIONINCHINESEOPERAMASKCOLOR,ANALYZEDANDEXPOUNDEDTHESYMBOLICMEANINGANDAESTHETICSIGNIFICANCEINCHINESEOPERAMASKCOLORKEYWORDSOPERAMASKCULTURALCONNOTATIONSYMBOLICMEANINGAESTHETICMEANINGIINTRODUCTIONCHINESEOPERAHASAUNIQUEPOSITIONONTHEWORLDSTAGEWITHUNIQUEDESIGNANDMASKCOLORS,ITCONTAINSEXTENSIVEANDPROFOUNDCULTUREINITSGLORIOUSHISTORY,THETRADITIONALOPERAOFHANPEOPLEISSPECIFICANDDIFFERENTFROMTHEMAKEUPARTOFOTHERCOUNTRIESTHEAUTHORWILLTALKABOUTCHINESEOPERAMASKFROMSEVERALASPECTSIITHECULTURALCONNOTATIONCONVEYEDBYTHECOLOROFCHINESETRADITIONALOPERASWECANCLEARLYSEETHEMARKOFOURTRADITIONALCULTURETHROUGHTHECOLORCOMPOSITIONOFCHINESEOPERAMASKITWASTHEWORSHIPOFTOTEMANDSACRIFICIALRITESINANCIENTTIMESTHATFORMEDTHELOVEOFNATURALCOLORINOPERAMASKTHECULTUREOFYINYANGANDFIVEELEMENTSANDTHEHARMONYOFNATUREANDMANFORMTHETABOOOFFIVECOLORS,WHICHGRADUALLYBECOMESASIGNIFICANTSTANDARDANDEXAMPLEINCOLORINGOFOPERAMASKANDMASKCOLORAESTHETICSCOMBININGWITHTHEHARMONYOFNATUREANDMAN,THECOLORSOFOPERAMASKCANTELLTHEROLEOFOPERAINFLUENCEDBYTHENATIONALTRADITIONANDREGIONALAESTHETICCULTURE,THELOVEOFNATURALCOLORS,COLORINGANDAESTHETICSTANDARDSGRADUALLYTRANSFORMEDINTOACUSTOM,ANDEVENAFIXEDMODE,ANDWASHANDEDDOWNTHEREFORE,CHINESETRADITIONALCULTUREGIVESANIMPORTANTIMPETUSANDINFLUENCEONTHEFORMATIONOFOPERAMASKCOLORA．THECULTUREOFTHEWORSHIPOFTOTEMANDSACRIFICIALRITESTHEWORSHIPOFTOTEMANDSACRIFICIALRITESARETHEEARLIESTCULTUREOFHUMANTHELOVEOFNATURALCOLORCAMEFROMTHISCULTURE,WHICHDROVETHEFORMATIONOFCHINESEOPERAMASKCOLORTHEEARLIESTAESTHETICCONSCIOUSNESSONCOLORORIGINATEDFROMHUMAN’SLIVINGENVIRONMENTMANBEGANTOWORSHIPANDFEARNATURALPOWERINTHECONTACTOFNATURE,ANDREGARDEDSOMENATURALCOLORSASPROTECTIONCOLORANDSOMEASTABOOCOLORINTHETRIBETHEMOSTANCIENTCOLORSYSTEMWASUSEDINTHESACRIFICIALRITEASTHEORIGINOFCHINESEOPERA,THESELECTIONANDAPPLICATIONOFCOLORSOFDRESSUPACTIVITIESINTHESACRIFICIALRITEHAVEPRODUCEDANUNIGNORABLEREFERENTIALVALUEANDINFLUENCEONTHEFORMATIONOFCHINESEOPERAMASKCOLORINTHETRIBALPERIOD,COLDANDHUNGERWEREKEYWORDSINTHELIFEOFPEOPLEATTHISTIME,PEOPLELONGEDFORWARMSPRINGANDHARVESTAUTUMN“GREEN”AND“RED”WEREDEEPLYLOVEDANDWORSHIPEDBYPEOPLE,BECAUSETHEYMADEPEOPLETHINKOFSPRINGANDAUTUMNANDTHESETWOCOLORSBECAMEIMPORTANTPARTOFMASKINEARLIESTSACRIFICIALRITE,DRESSUPPERFORMANCEMAINLYINCLUDEDANIMALANIMATIONANDGODANIMATIONAMONGTHEM,THEANIMALANIMATIONPERFORMANCEWASDIRECTANIMATIONOFADORINGANIMALSTHEANIMATINGOBJECTSINCLUDEDTHEMOVEMENTANDTHECOLORSOFADORINGANIMALSTHESELECTIONOFTHESECOLORSSTRICTLYFOLLOWEDTHEWORSHIPCOLORANDTABOOCOLORINTHETRIBALCULTURETHEANIMATIONOFADORINGANIMALSALSOSHOWEDPEOPLE’SPERCEPTUALKNOWLEDGEOFADORINGPAINTINGITMAINLYUSESRED,WHITE,BLACK,YELLOW,GREENANDBLUECOLORS,WHICHISTHESAMEASTIBETANPAINTINGTHESTRONGCONTRASTANDTHEUSEOFBRIGHTCOLORSAREIMPORTANTCHARACTERISTICSINTHEAPPLICATIONOFTIBETANOPERAMASKCOLORDIFFERENTFROMOTHERETHNICGROUPS,COLORSOFTIBETANOPERAMASKCANNOTONLYSHOWSYMBOLICMEANINGSBUTALSOOBVIOUSRELIGIOUSMEANINGFOREXAMPLE,REDSTANDSFORAWESOMEGENERALLYUSEREDMASKFORKINGMONKSDRESSUPYELLOWROBEIMMORTALSANDBUDDHAWEARYELLOWMASKINDIFFERENTCULTURALANDETHNICBACKGROUND,THELOVEANDUNDERSTANDINGOFCOLORAREALSODIFFERENTTHEARTISTICEXPRESSIONSPRODUCEDBYTHESELECTIONANDAPPLICATIONOFDIFFERENTOPERAMASKCOLORCANEXPRESSNATIONALCULTUREANDTHETENDENCYOFNATIONALAESTHETICSTHEREFORE,THEFORMATIONOFOPERAMASKCOLORALSOHASPROMINENTNATIONALCULTURALCHARACTERISTICSASAUNIQUEFORMOFMAKEUP,THECOLORAPPLICATIONOFCHINESEOPERAMASKALSOISNATURALLYAFFECTEDBYTHEAESTHETICHABITSOFTHEAUDIENCEDUETODIFFERENTAESTHETICORIENTATIONSINDIFFERENTREGIONS,THEFORMATIONOFTHEAPPLICATIONOFOPERAMASKCOLORSHOWSDIFFERENTCHARACTERISTICSREGIONALCULTUREHASANIMPORTANTINFLUENCEONTHEDEVELOPMENTOFOPERAMASKCOLORTHEDIFFERENCEOFREGIONALAESTHETICCULTURELEADSTOTHEDIFFERENTFORMATIONOFOPERAMASKCOLORS,WHICHWASOBVIOUSLYSHOWEDINTHEMINGDYNASTYFOREXAMPLE,THEROLEOFDAJINGOFKUNSHANOPERAANDGEYANGOPERAAREDIFFERENTLYPERFORMEDTHEREDMASKINKUNSHANOPERAHASMANYINNOVATIONS,ANDTHEBLACKMASKINGEYANGOPERAHASPROMINENTFEATURESINKUNSHANOPERA,JIASIDAOWITHWHITEMASKINHONGMEIJIANDYANSONGINFENGMINGJIARENEGATIVECHARACTERINGEYANGOPERA,BAOZHENGINTIMUJIANDZHANGFEIINGUCHENGJIWITHBLACKMASKAREPOSITIVECHARACTERWITHDISTINCTIVECHARACTERSTHEDIFFERENCEOFWHITEMASKANDBLACKMASKISINFLUENCEDBYTHEOPERASANDTHEREGIONALTRADITIONANDAESTHETICCULTURECANNOTBEIGNOREDINTHEFORMATIONOFTHESEDIFFERENCESTHEREDMASKANDWHITEMASKAREALSOUSEDINOTHEROPERASJUSTLIKEKUNSHANOPERAANDGEYANGOPERA,ANDTHEYHAVETHEFUNCTIONOFJUDGINGMORALITYOFCHARACTERSMAYBEYOUWOULDSAYITCANNOTEXPLAINTHEINFLUENCEOFREGIONALCUSTOMANDAESTHETICCULTUREONTHEFORMATIONOFOPERAMASKCOLORTHENTHEDIFFERENCEOFMASKCOLORBETWEENQIYANGOPERAANDQINOPERACANFULLYREFLECTSTHEINFLUENCEOFSOUTHANDNORTHREGIONALAESTHETICSONTHEFORMATIONOFOPERACOLORQIYANGPEOPLEARESIMPLEANDBOLDTHISCULTURALENVIRONMENTENDOWSQIYANGOPERAMASKWITHSPECIALCHARACTERISTICSITISWITHDISTINCTCOLORING,ROUGHANDBOLDLINESTHEPEOPLEOFNORTHERNSHAANXIAREBOLDANDUNSTRAINEDTHEFULLBODIEDHISTORYANDGENEROUSCULTURALATMOSPHEREMAKETHEMASKCOLOROFQINOPERACONCISEANDLIVELY,WITHSTRONGCONTRASTGRANDEURISTHEMOSTIMPORTANTAESTHETICQUALITYOFQINOPERAMASKCOLORINSHORT,DIFFERENTREGIONSHAVEDIFFERENTNATURALENVIRONMENTSANDHISTORIES,ASWELLASAESTHETICCULTURESANDTHEAESTHETICCULTUREPLAYSANIMPORTANTROLEINCOMPOSITIONOFOPERAMASK,ANDMAKESTHESELECTIONANDUSEOFOPERAMASKCOLORWITHPROMINENTREGIONALCHARACTERISTICSIIITHESYMBOLICMEANINGOFCHINESEOPERAMASKCOLORTHEPROPERSELECTIONANDAPPLICATIONOFCHINESEOPERAMASKCOLORCANHINTTHEDESTINYORBASICCONDITIONSOFTHEROLEFOREXAMPLE,THEFROWNOFBAOZHENGSHOWSHISWORRYANDHARDTHINKINGTHEFACEOFXIANGYUWITHMISERYEYESSHOWSHISTRAGICFATETHEROLEOFSUNWUKONGISPAINTEDWITHAMONKEYSFACE,WHICHSUGGESTSTHATHEISAMONKEYPAINTINGACTOR’SFACEWITHCOLORSDISTANCESAUDIENCEFROMTHEPLOTSOFPLAYACTORSWITHPAINTEDFACELOOKQUITEDIFFERENTONONEHAND,ITHELPSAUDIENCEFOCUSONTHEAPPRECIATIONOFOPERAITSELFONTHEOTHERHAND,ITCANPRODUCEASHARPCONTRASTWHENMANYACTORSWITHDIFFERENTCOLORPAINTEDFACESCOMEONSTAGEATTHESAMETIMEFOREXAMPLE,“JUNBAN”HASAFINEAPPEARANCE,WHILE“DAHUALIAN”HASANABSURDFACEWHENTHEYCOMEONSTAGEATSAMETIME,THEREWILLBEASTRONGCONTRASTTHEFACEOFJINGALWAYSISPAINTEDWITHBRIGHTANDHEAVYCOLORS,ANDTHEACCENTOFJINGISTHICKANDROUGH,SOASTOFORMAUNITYOFAPPEARANCEANDACCENTITPRODUCESASTRONGARTISTICEFFECTANDINCREASETHEARTISTICEXPRESSIONOFTHEOPERAITSELFINSOMECASES,CHINESEOPERAMASKCOULDSHOWTHESKINCOLOROFTHECHARACTERBYPROPERSELECTIONANDAPPLICATIONOFCOLORSBUTITSMAINPURPOSEISTOEMBODYTHEPERSONALITYOFTHECHARACTERANDJUDGETHEMORALITYOFTHECHARACTERTAKEBEIJINGOPERAASANEXAMPLEREDMASKGENERALLYREPRESENTSANUPRIGHTANDRIGHTEOUSPERSON,SUCHASGUANYUANDHUANGGAIPURPLEMASKREPRESENTSJUSTICE,STRONGANDBRAVEFIGURES,SUCHASYANGYANZHAOANDZHUANZHUUSEBLACKMASKTOSHAPEUPRIGHTANDOUTSPOKENORRECKLESSFIGURESTHEMOSTREPRESENTATIVEFIGURESAREBAOZHENG,LIKUIANDZHANGFEIUSEBLUEMASKTOSHAPEOBSTINATEANDUNRULYANDBRAVECHARACTERS,SUCHAS,DOUERDUNANDLIUTANGTHEFIGURESWITHYELLOWMASKMAINLYARECRUELBUTGOODATFIGHTING,SUCHASYUWENCHENGDUANDDIANWEITHEFIGURESWITHWHITEMASK

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簡介：THEHADOOPDISTRIBUTEDFILESYSTEMARCHITECTUREANDDESIGNBYDHRUBABORTHAKURTABLEOFCONTENTS1INTRODUCTION32ASSUMPTIONSANDGOALS321HARDWAREFAILURE322STREAMINGDATAACCESS323LARGEDATASETS324SIMPLECOHERENCYMODEL425“MOVINGCOMPUTATIONISCHEAPERTHANMOVINGDATA”426PORTABILITYACROSSHETEROGENEOUSHARDWAREANDSOFTWAREPLATFORMS43NAMENODEANDDATANODES44THEFILESYSTEMNAMESPACE55DATAREPLICATION651REPLICAPLACEMENTTHEFIRSTBABYSTEPS752REPLICASELECTION853SAFEMODE86THEPERSISTENCEOFFILESYSTEMMETADATA87THECOMMUNICATIONPROTOCOLS98ROBUSTNESS981DATADISKFAILURE,HEARTBEATSANDREREPLICATION1082CLUSTERREBALANCING1083DATAINTEGRITY10COPYRIGHT?2007THEAPACHESOFTWAREFOUNDATIONALLRIGHTSRESERVED1INTRODUCTIONTHEHADOOPDISTRIBUTEDFILESYSTEMHDFSISADISTRIBUTEDFILESYSTEMDESIGNEDTORUNONCOMMODITYHARDWAREITHASMANYSIMILARITIESWITHEXISTINGDISTRIBUTEDFILESYSTEMSHOWEVER,THEDIFFERENCESFROMOTHERDISTRIBUTEDFILESYSTEMSARESIGNIFICANTHDFSISHIGHLYFAULTTOLERANTANDISDESIGNEDTOBEDEPLOYEDONLOWCOSTHARDWAREHDFSPROVIDESHIGHTHROUGHPUTACCESSTOAPPLICATIONDATAANDISSUITABLEFORAPPLICATIONSTHATHAVELARGEDATASETSHDFSRELAXESAFEWPOSIXREQUIREMENTSTOENABLESTREAMINGACCESSTOFILESYSTEMDATAHDFSWASORIGINALLYBUILTASINFRASTRUCTUREFORTHEAPACHENUTCHWEBSEARCHENGINEPROJECTHDFSISPARTOFTHEAPACHEHADOOPCOREPROJECTTHEPROJECTURLISHTTP//HADOOPAPACHEORG/CORE/2ASSUMPTIONSANDGOALS21HARDWAREFAILUREHARDWAREFAILUREISTHENORMRATHERTHANTHEEXCEPTIONANHDFSINSTANCEMAYCONSISTOFHUNDREDSORTHOUSANDSOFSERVERMACHINES,EACHSTORINGPARTOFTHEFILESYSTEM’SDATATHEFACTTHATTHEREAREAHUGENUMBEROFCOMPONENTSANDTHATEACHCOMPONENTHASANONTRIVIALPROBABILITYOFFAILUREMEANSTHATSOMECOMPONENTOFHDFSISALWAYSNONFUNCTIONALTHEREFORE,DETECTIONOFFAULTSANDQUICK,AUTOMATICRECOVERYFROMTHEMISACOREARCHITECTURALGOALOFHDFS22STREAMINGDATAACCESSAPPLICATIONSTHATRUNONHDFSNEEDSTREAMINGACCESSTOTHEIRDATASETSTHEYARENOTGENERALPURPOSEAPPLICATIONSTHATTYPICALLYRUNONGENERALPURPOSEFILESYSTEMSHDFSISDESIGNEDMOREFORBATCHPROCESSINGRATHERTHANINTERACTIVEUSEBYUSERSTHEEMPHASISISONHIGHTHROUGHPUTOFDATAACCESSRATHERTHANLOWLATENCYOFDATAACCESSPOSIXIMPOSESMANYHARDREQUIREMENTSTHATARENOTNEEDEDFORAPPLICATIONSTHATARETARGETEDFORHDFSPOSIXSEMANTICSINAFEWKEYAREASHASBEENTRADEDTOINCREASEDATATHROUGHPUTRATES23LARGEDATASETSAPPLICATIONSTHATRUNONHDFSHAVELARGEDATASETSATYPICALFILEINHDFSISGIGABYTESTOTERABYTESINSIZETHUS,HDFSISTUNEDTOSUPPORTLARGEFILESITSHOULDPROVIDEHIGHAGGREGATEDATABANDWIDTHANDSCALETOHUNDREDSOFNODESINASINGLECLUSTERITSHOULDSUPPORTTENSOFMILLIONSOFFILESINASINGLEINSTANCETHEHADOOPDISTRIBUTEDFILESYSTEMARCHITECTUREANDDESIGNPAGE3COPYRIGHT?2007THEAPACHESOFTWAREFOUNDATIONALLRIGHTSRESERVED

簡介：9696969696QROFRTRI,VOL45,NO2,MAY2004PAPERPAPERPAPERPAPERPAPERCOMBACOMBACOMBACOMBACOMBATTTTT－－－－－ATATATATATRAINCONTROLSYSTEMFORSECONDARYLINESRAINCONTROLSYSTEMFORSECONDARYLINESRAINCONTROLSYSTEMFORSECONDARYLINESRAINCONTROLSYSTEMFORSECONDARYLINESRAINCONTROLSYSTEMFORSECONDARYLINESBYRADIOBASEDTBYRADIOBASEDTBYRADIOBASEDTBYRADIOBASEDTBYRADIOBASEDTRAINDETECTIONRAINDETECTIONRAINDETECTIONRAINDETECTIONRAINDETECTION1INTRODUCTION1INTRODUCTION1INTRODUCTION1INTRODUCTION1INTRODUCTIONOVER15YEARSHAVEPASSEDSINCEELECTRONICBLOCKINGSYSTEMSINTRODUCEDINTOLINESWITHLOWTRAFFICDENSITIESASMOSTARECASHSTRAPPED,THESELINESAREFACINGDIFFICULTIESININVESTINGTHELARGESUMSREQUIREDTOUPDATETHESESYSTEMS,SOMEHAVINGEITHERSHELVEDMODERNIZATIONPLANSOREVENBEENCOMPELLEDTORETAINOLDFASHIONEDNONAUTOMATICVERSIONSINORDERTOADDRESSTHISPROBLEMANDPROVIDEENHANCEMENTSTOSAFETYANDEFFICIENCY,THEDEVELOPMENTOFANEWLOWCOSTTRAINSYSTEMNEEDSTOBEADDRESSEDWITHTHEUTMOSTURGENCYINADDITION,TRACKCIRCUITSAREALSOWIDELYUSEDFORTRAINDETECTIONANDFAULTSOFTRAINDETECTIONRESULTINGFROMRUSTORDIRTONTHESURFACEOFTHERAILSHAVEBECOMEASERIOUSPROBLEMONLOWTRAFFICDENSITYLINESSINCETRACKANDWEATHERCONDITIONSAFFECTTHISMETHODOFTRAINDETECTION,ITISNECESSARYTOADJUSTANDMAINTAINTRACKCIRCUITSPERIODICALLYWITHRESULTANTINCREASESINMAINTENANCECOSTSTOSOLVETHESEPROBLEMS,WEHAVEDEVELOPEDTHENEW,LOWCOSTCOMPUTERANDMICROWAVEBALISEAIDEDTRAINCONTROLSYSTEMCOMBATFORUSEONSECONDARYLINES1～3THEMAINFEATUREOFCOMBATISTOUSEANEWTRAINDETECTIONMETHODTHATBASEDONRADIOCOMMUNICATIONSINSTEADOFCONVENTIONALTRACKCIRCUITSMOREOVER,WITHREGARDTOITSINTERLOCKINGANDBLOCKFUNCTIONS,COMBATCONTROLSTRAINSALONGTHEENTIRELINELENGTHBYMEANSOFACENTRALIZEDINTERLOCKINGSYSTEMTHEINTRODUCTIONOFCOMBATPROVIDESARANGEOFBENEFITSSUCHASSAFETYENHANCEMENTS,IMPROVEMENTSTOTRAFFICCONTROLEFFICIENCY,ANDTHEREDUCTIONSINEQUIPMENTANDMAINTENANCECOSTSTHISPAPERINTRODUCESTHECOMBATSYSTEMCONFIGURATION,ITSBASICFUNCTIONSANDRANGEOFBENEFITS,ANDPRESENTSTHERESULTSOFMONITOREDFIELDEVALUATIONTESTS2DEVELOPMENTCONCEPT2DEVELOPMENTCONCEPT2DEVELOPMENTCONCEPT2DEVELOPMENTCONCEPT2DEVELOPMENTCONCEPTWEAIMEDATINTRODUCINGCOMBATONLOWTRAFFICDENSITYLINESANDDEVELOPEDITACCORDINGTOTHEFOLLOWINGCONCEPTS21T21T21T21T21TODETECTTRAINSWITHOUTUSINGTRACKCIRCUITSODETECTTRAINSWITHOUTUSINGTRACKCIRCUITSODETECTTRAINSWITHOUTUSINGTRACKCIRCUITSODETECTTRAINSWITHOUTUSINGTRACKCIRCUITSODETECTTRAINSWITHOUTUSINGTRACKCIRCUITSWEAIMEDATACHIEVINGASOLUTIONTOTHETRAINDETECTIONPROBLEMSONLOWTRAFFICDENSITYLINESANDTRAINDETECTIONWITHOUTUSINGTRACKCIRCUITSORCONTACTINGTRAINSDOINGSOWOULDENHANCESAFETYDURINGINSTALLATIONANDMAINTENANCEWORKANDREDUCETHERELATEDCOSTS22T22T22T22T22TOCENTRALIZEINTERLOCKINGANDBLOCKFUNCTIONSOCENTRALIZEINTERLOCKINGANDBLOCKFUNCTIONSOCENTRALIZEINTERLOCKINGANDBLOCKFUNCTIONSOCENTRALIZEINTERLOCKINGANDBLOCKFUNCTIONSOCENTRALIZEINTERLOCKINGANDBLOCKFUNCTIONSONSECONDARYLINESTHATAREONLYPROTECTEDBYNONAUTOMATICEQUIPMENTSUCHASTHETABLETINSTRUMENTBLOCKSYSTEM,ITISNECESSARYTOPOSTTRAFFICOPERATIONSSTAFFATEACHSTATIONTOMAKETRAFFICCONTROLMOREEFFICIENTANDREDUCEMAINTENANCECOSTS,WEADOPTEDACENTRALIZEDINTERLOCKINGSYSTEMTHATPERFORMSINTERLOCKINGANDBLOCKFUNCTIONSATATRAFFICCONTROLCENTER23T23T23T23T23TOUTILIZEEXISTINGSIGNALINGEQUIPMENTEFFECTIVELYOUTILIZEEXISTINGSIGNALINGEQUIPMENTEFFECTIVELYOUTILIZEEXISTINGSIGNALINGEQUIPMENTEFFECTIVELYOUTILIZEEXISTINGSIGNALINGEQUIPMENTEFFECTIVELYOUTILIZEEXISTINGSIGNALINGEQUIPMENTEFFECTIVELYSINCEMOSTSECONDARYLINESAREEXPERIENCINGFINANCIALDIFFICULTIESINTERMSOFINVESTMENT,ITISNECESSARYTOMINIMIZETHERENEWALCOSTSOFANEWTRAINCONTROLSYSTEMTOTHISEND,WEAIMEDATACHIEVINGATRAINCONTROLSYSTEMTHATASFARASPOSSIBLEMAKESEFFECTIVEUSEOFEXISTINGSIGNALINGEQUIPMENT3SYSTEMCONFIGURATION3SYSTEMCONFIGURATION3SYSTEMCONFIGURATION3SYSTEMCONFIGURATION3SYSTEMCONFIGURATIONTHECOMBATSYSTEMCONFIGURATIONISSHOWNINFIG1COMBATISATRAINCONTROLSYSTEMACHIEVEDBYUSINGACENTRALIZEDINTERLOCKINGSYSTEMOFTHEDISPERSEDFUNCTIONTYPEACENTRALINTERLOCKINGUNITPERFORMSINTERLOCKINGANDBLOCKFUNCTIONSFORTHEWHOLELINEEACHSTATIONONTHELINEISEQUIPPEDWITHANINTERLOCKINGUNITTHATCONTROLSFIELDEQUIPMENTSUCHASSIGNALSANDSWITCHESTELECOMMUNICATIONLINES,THROUGHWHICHINDICATIONDATAPASSES,CONNECTTHECENTERWITHEACHSTATIONFORTRAINDETECTION,COMBATUSESASYSTEMCOMPOSEDOFMICROWAVEBALISESINTERROGATORS,WAYSIDERESPONDERSTTTTTAKASHIMAAKASHIMAAKASHIMAAKASHIMAAKASHIMATSUZATSUZATSUZATSUZATSUZAWWWWWAAAAARESEARCHER,NORIYUKINISHIBORINORIYUKINISHIBORINORIYUKINISHIBORINORIYUKINISHIBORINORIYUKINISHIBORISENIORRESEARCHER,TTTTTATSUYASASAKIATSUYASASAKIATSUYASASAKIATSUYASASAKIATSUYASASAKISENIORRESEARCHER,SHIGETOHIRAGURISHIGETOHIRAGURISHIGETOHIRAGURISHIGETOHIRAGURISHIGETOHIRAGURISENIORRESEARCHERTRAINCONTROLSYSTEMS,SIGNALLINGTELECOMMUNICATIONSTECHNOLOGYDIVTHEREHASBEENAGROWINGDEMANDFORALOWCOST,LOWMAINTENANCESIGNALINGSYSTEMONCASHSTRAPPEDSECONDARYLINESTOMEETTHISDEMAND,WEHAVEDEVELOPEDTHENEWCOMPUTERANDMICROWAVEBALISEAIDEDTRAINCONTROLSYSTEMCOMBATSPECIFICFEATURESOFCOMBATARETHEAPPLICATIONOFMICROWAVERADIOBALISESFORTRAINDETECTIONANDCENTRALIZEDINTERLOCKINGANDBLOCKFUNCTIONSTHISPAPERINTRODUCESTHESYSTEMCONFIGURATION,ITSBASICFUNCTIONS,ANDITSBENEFITSKEYWORDSKEYWORDSKEYWORDSKEYWORDSKEYWORDSCOMBAT,TRAINCONTROLSYSTEM,TRAINDETECTION,INTERLOCKINGANDBLOCKSYSTEMS,MICROWAVEBALISE9898989898QROFRTRI,VOL45,NO2,MAY2004FIG2TFIG2TFIG2TFIG2TFIG2TRAINDETECTIONSYSTEMFUNCTIONSRAINDETECTIONSYSTEMFUNCTIONSRAINDETECTIONSYSTEMFUNCTIONSRAINDETECTIONSYSTEMFUNCTIONSRAINDETECTIONSYSTEMFUNCTIONS42INTERLOCKINGANDBLOCKFUNCTIONS42INTERLOCKINGANDBLOCKFUNCTIONS42INTERLOCKINGANDBLOCKFUNCTIONS42INTERLOCKINGANDBLOCKFUNCTIONS42INTERLOCKINGANDBLOCKFUNCTIONSCOMBATSINTERLOCKINGANDBLOCKFUNCTIONSAREACHIEVEDBYACENTRALIZEDINTERLOCKINGSYSTEMTHATHASACENTRALINTERLOCKINGUNITCIUATITSHEARTANDASTATIONINTERLOCKINGTERMINALSITATEACHSTATIONTHECIUPERFORMSINTERLOCKINGBETWEENSIGNALSORBETWEENSIGNALSANDSWITCHESALONGTHEENTIRELENGTHOFTHELINESINCETHEINTERLOCKINGFUNCTIONOFTHEWHOLELINEISCENTRALIZEDBYTHECIU,COMBATCANPROVIDETOTALINTERLOCKINGCOVERAGEASIFITWEREONESTATIONANDTHEBLOCKFUNCTIONBETWEENSTATIONSCANBEACHIEVEDBYINTERLOCKINGALLSTARTSIGNALSBETWEENADJACENTSTATIONSMOREOVER,USINGASYSTEMOFTRAINIDSFORINTERLOCKINGBETWEENFIG3INTERLOCKINGANDBLOCKFUNCTIONSFIG3INTERLOCKINGANDBLOCKFUNCTIONSFIG3INTERLOCKINGANDBLOCKFUNCTIONSFIG3INTERLOCKINGANDBLOCKFUNCTIONSFIG3INTERLOCKINGANDBLOCKFUNCTIONSSTATIONSENHANCESTHESAFETYOFTHEBLOCKFUNCTIONTHESITCONTROLSSIGNALSORSWITCHESACCORDINGTOCONTROLDATARECEIVEDFROMTHECIUTOREDUCEDATACOMMUNICATIONLOADSBETWEENTHECENTERANDEACHSTATION,THESITHASSEPARATEFUNCTIONSTOALOCKTHESWITCHAFTERTHECOMPLETIONOFANOPERATIONANDBTOCHANGETHERELEVANTSIGNALSTOSTOPAFTERTHEENTRYOFATRAINONTOASECTIONOFTHELINEANOUTLINEOFTHEINTERLOCKINGANDBLOCKFUNCTIONSOFCOMBATISSHOWNINFIG31WHENTHECIURECEIVESAROUTESETTINGREQUEST,ITCHECKSCONFLICTINGROUTESIFTHEREQUESTEDROUTECANBESET,ITTRANSMITSSWITCHCONTROLDATATOTHESITONBOARDRESPONDERSWAYSIDERESPONDERINTERROGATORESTABLISHESCLOSEDLOOPESTABLISHESCLOSEDLOOPNONPRESENCEDETECTIONSECTIONSHUTSOFFCLOSEDLOOPESTABLISHESCLOSEDLOOPUNCONFIRMEDPRESENCEDETECTSIDANDDIRECTIONESTABLISHESCLOSEDLOOPCONFIRMEDPRESENCEESTABLISHESCLOSEDLOOPESTABLISHESCLOSEDLOOPCONFIRMEDPRESENCEESTABLISHESCLOSEDLOOPDETECTSIDANDDIRECTIONCONFIRMEDPRESENCEESTABLISHESCLOSEDLOOPESTABLISHESCLOSEDLOOPNONPRESENCE123456EXITINGENTERINGCENTRALINTERLOCKINGUNITTRAINDETECTIONUNITSTATIONINTERLOCKINGTERMINALSTATIONINTERLOCKINGTERMINALTRAINDETECTIONUNITIWIWWIIW01IWIWWIIWCENTRALINTERLOCKINGUNITTRAINDETECTIONUNITSTATIONINTERLOCKINGTERMINALSTATIONINTERLOCKINGTERMINALTRAINDETECTIONUNITIWIWWIIW01IWIWWIIWCENTRALINTERLOCKINGUNITTRAINDETECTIONUNITSTATIONINTERLOCKINGTERMINALSTATIONINTERLOCKINGTERMINALTRAINDETECTIONUNITIWIWWIIW01IWIWWIIWCENTRALINTERLOCKINGUNITTRAINDETECTIONUNITSTATIONINTERLOCKINGTERMINALSTATIONINTERLOCKINGTERMINALTRAINDETECTIONUNITIWIWWIIW01IWIWWIIWCENTRALINTERLOCKINGUNITTRAINDETECTIONUNITSTATIONINTERLOCKINGTERMINALSTATIONINTERLOCKINGTERMINALTRAINDETECTIONUNITIWIWWIIWIWIWWIIW01ROUTESETTINGROUTESETTING12345COMPLETIONOFOPERATIONANDLOCKINGOPERATIONANDLOCKINGINDICATES“G“LOCKSTHEROUTETRAINIDINDICATES“R“LOCKSTHEBLOCKBYTHETRAINIDTRAINIDCOMPARESTHETRAINIDS

簡介：?INTJMINERPROCESS592000237–245WWWELSEVIERNLRLOCATERIJMINPROSELECTIVEFLOTATIONOFBASTNAESITEFROMMONAZITEINRAREEARTHCONCENTRATESUSINGPOTASSIUMALUMASDEPRESSANTJUNRENA,SHAOXIANSONGB,,ALEJANDROLOPEZVALDIVIESOB,SHOUCILUCACENTEROFRESEARCHONSURFACESANDINTERFACES,NANJINGUNI?ERSITY,NANJING210093,CHINABINSTITUTODEMETALURGIA,UNI?ERSIDADAUTONOMADESANLUISPOTOSI,SIERRALEONA550,LOMAS2ASECCION,′SANLUISPOTOSI,CP78210,SLP,MEXICOCRESOURCESENGINEERINGSCHOOL,UNI?ERSITYOFSCIENCEANDTECHNOLOGYBEIJING,40XUEYUANROAD,BEIJING100083,CHINARECEIVED5JANUARY1998RECEIVEDINREVISEDFORM17OCTOBER1999ACCEPTED8NOVEMBER1999ABSTRACTELECTROKINETICANDFLOTATIONSTUDIESWERECARRIEDOUTONSINGLEPARTICLESOFBASTNAESITEANDMONAZITETODEVELOPAFLOTATIONSCHEMEFORSELECTIVELYREMOVINGMONAZITEINTHERAREEARTHBULK?CONCENTRATEFROMTHEBAIYUNEBOMINE,INCHINA607RAREEARTHOXIDESORREO,75ASBASTNAESITEAND25ASMONAZITELOWADDITIONSOFPOTASSIUMALUMWEREFOUNDTOEFFICIENTLYDEPRESSMONAZITEATPH5WITHOUTAFFECTINGTHEFLOTABILITYOFBASTNAESITEWITHTHECOLLECTORBENZOICACIDTHEBULKCONCENTRATEWASTREATEDTHROUGHTHISSCHEME,AND85OFTHEBASTNAESITEWASRECOVEREDINACONCENTRATETHATASSAYED695REOANDCONTAINED97BASTNAESITETHEDEPRESSINGEFFECTOFPOTASSIUMALUMAPPEAREDTOBEDUETOTHEPREFERENTIALADSORPTIONOFHYDROLYZEDALUMINUMSPECIESONMONAZITEINCOMPARISONTOBASTNAESITEQ2000ELSEVIERSCIENCEBVALLRIGHTSRESERVEDKEYWORDSBASTNAESITEFLOTATIONMONAZITEFLOTATIONRAREEARTHMINERALSEPARATIONALUMASDEPRESSANTHYDROLYZEDALUMINUMIONSCORRESPONDINGAUTHORFAXQ5248254326EMAILSHAOXIANUASLPMX03017516R00RSEEFRONTMATTERQ2000ELSEVIERSCIENCEBVALLRIGHTSRESERVED?PIIS0301751699000757JRENETALRINTJMINERPROCESS592000237–2452392EXPERIMENTALTHEMINERALSAMPLESOFBASTNAESITEANDMONAZITEUSEDINTHISWORKWEREOBTAINEDFROMTHEHAONIUPINGMINEANDSOUTHERNRAREEARTHMINE,INCHINA,RESPECTIVELYTHESAMPLESWEREFIRSTCRUSHED,THENCLEANEDUSINGACONCENTRATINGTABLEANDAHANDMAGNETBYSIEVING,37100MMSIZEPARTICLESWEREOBTAINEDFORFLOTATIONTESTS,ANDY37MMSIZEPARTICLESFORZETAPOTENTIALMEASUREMENTSTHROUGHTHISPROCEDURE,THEPURITYOFTHEBASTNAESITEANDMONAZITESAMPLESWERE965AND950,RESPECTIVELYABASTNAESITEANDMONAZITEBULKCONCENTRATE,ASSAYING607TOTALREO,43CAO,40FAND115PO,FROMTHEBAIYUNEBOMINE,INCHINA,WASUSEDASSAMPLEFOR25FLOTATIONSTUDIESTOSEPARATEBASTNAESITEANDMONAZITETHECONCENTRATE,WITH751REOASBASTNAESITEAND249REOASMONAZITE,ALSOCONTAINED13SIOAND43FEAS2MARTITEINORDERTODETERMINETHERELATIVEPROPORTIONOFBASTNAESITEANDMONAZITEINTHEVARIOUSFLOTATIONPRODUCTS,BOTHTHETOTALREOCONTENTANDTHEREOCONTENTOFBASTNAESITEWEREASSAYEDINTHEPRODUCTSBENZOICACIDUSEDINTHISWORKWASPREPAREDINOURLABORATORYANDFOUNDTOHAVE??902PURITYPOTASSIUMALUMKALSOP12HO,HYDROCHLORICACID,SODIUMHYDROX422IDEANDOCTANOLWEREALLANALYTICALGRADEREAGENTSFLOTATIONSTUDIESONSINGLEMINERALSWERECARRIEDOUTINA250MLCELLFOR5MINUSINGDISTILLEDWATERAT308CPRIORTOFLOTATION,THESLURRYAT4SOLIDWASCONDITIONEDFOR5MINWITHPHREGULATINGAGENTS,DEPRESSANT,COLLECTORANDFROTHERFLOTATIONTESTSONTHEBULKCONCENTRATEWERECONDUCTEDINA1LCELLUSINGTAPWATERELECTROKINETICSTUDIESWEREPERFORMEDUSINGAMARKDXD1ELECTROPHORETICMETER,MADEBYTHESHANGHAIINSTRUMENTS,INCHINAMINERALSUSPENSIONSAT005SOLIDSWEREFIRSTCONDITIONEDFOR5MINWITHPHREGULATINGAGENTINTHEPRESENCEORABSENCEOFPOTASSIUMALUMTHESLURRYWASTHENTRANSFERREDTOTHEELECTROPHORESISCELLFORMEASUREMENTTHEELECTROPHORETICMOBILITYOFOVER20PARTICLESWASDETERMINED,ANDTHEAVERAGEVALUEWASTHENTRANS?FORMEDTOZETAPOTENTIALUSINGTHESMOLUCHOWSKIEQUATIONADAMSON,19903RESULTSANDDISCUSSIONS31FLOTATIONOFBASTNAESITEANDMONAZITETHEEFFECTOFPHONTHEFLOTABILITYOFSINGLEPARTICLESOFBOTHBASTNAESITEANDMONAZITEUSINGBENZOICACIDASACOLLECTORINTHEPRESENCEANDABSENCEOFPOTASSIUMALUMISSHOWNINFIG1ITCANBENOTEDTHATBOTHMINERALSPRESENTFLOTABILITYPEAKSABOUTPH5INTHEABSENCEOFPOTASSIUMALUMTHESERESULTSINDICATETHATTHEREISNOSELECTIVITYBETWEENBASTNAESITEANDMONAZITEINTHEWHOLEPHRANGESTUDIEDIFONLYTHECOLLECTORBENZOICACIDISUSEDHOWEVER,WITH300MGRLPOTASSIUMALUM,MONAZITEISSTRONGLYDEPRESSED,WHILETHEFLOTABILITYOFBASTNAESITEISAFFECTEDONLYSLIGHTLYAROUNDPH5,THEFLOTABILITYDIFFERENCEBETWEENTHETWOMINERALSISOVER60CLEARLY,POTASSIUMALUMSEEMSTOBEANEFFICIENTSELECTIVEDEPRESSANTFORTHESEPARATIONOFBASTNAESITEANDMONAZITE

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簡介：ACASCADEDITERATIVEFOURIERTRANSFORMALGORITHMFOROPTICALSECURITYAPPLICATIONSGUOHAISITU,JINGJUANZHANGDEPARTMENTOFPHYSICS,GRADUATESCHOOLOFTHECHINESEACADEMYOFSCIENCES,POBOX3908,BEIJING,100039,CHINAABSTRACTACASCADEDITERATIVEFOURIERTRANSFORMCIFTALGORITHMISPRESENTEDFOROPTICALSECURITYAPPLICATIONSTWOPHASEMASKSAREDESIGNEDANDLOCATEDINTHEINPUTANDTHEFOURIERDOMAINSOFA4FCORRELATORRESPECTIVELY,INORDERTOIMPLEMENTTHEOPTICALENCRYPTIONORAUTHENTICITYVERIFICATIONCOMPAREDWITHPREVIOUSMETHODS,THEPROPOSEDALGORITHMEMPLOYSANIMPROVEDSEARCHINGSTRATEGYMODIFYINGTHEPHASEDISTRIBUTIONSOFBOTHMASKSSYNCHRONOUSLYASWELLASENLARGINGTHESEARCHINGSPACECOMPUTERSIMULATIONSSHOWTHATTHEALGORITHMRESULTSINMUCHFASTERCONVERGENCEANDBETTERIMAGEQUALITYFORTHERECOVEREDIMAGEEACHOFTHESEMASKSISASSIGNEDTODIFFERENTPERSONTHEREFORE,THEDECRYPTEDIMAGECANBEOBTAINEDONLYWHENALLTHESEMASKSAREUNDERAUTHORIZATIONTHISKEYASSIGNMENTSTRATEGYMAYREDUCETHERISKOFBEINGINTRUDEDKEYWORDSOPTICALSECURITY–OPTICALENCRYPTION–CASCADEDITERATIVEFOURIERTRANSFORMALGORITHM1INTRODUCTIONOPTICALTECHNIQUESHAVESHOWNGREATPOTENTIALINTHEFIELDOFINFORMATIONSECURITYAPPLICATIONSRECENTLYRE′FRE′GIERANDJAVIDI1PROPOSEDANOVELDOUBLERANDOMPHASEENCODINGTECHNIQUE,WHICHENCODESAPRIMARYIMAGEINTOASTATIONARYWHITENOISETHISTECHNIQUEWASALSOUSEDTOENCRYPTINFORMATIONINTHEFRACTIONALFOURIERDOMAIN2,3ANDTOSTOREENCRYPTEDINFORMATIONHOLOGRAPHICALLY4,5PHASEENCODINGTECHNIQUESWEREALSOPROPOSEDFOROPTICALAUTHENTICITYVERIFICATION6–8WANGETAL9ANDLIETAL10PROPOSEDANOTHERMETHODFOROPTICALENCRYPTIONANDAUTHENTICITYVERIFICATIONUNLIKETHETECHNIQUESMENTIONEDABOVE,THISMETHODENCRYPTSINFORMATIONCOMPLETELYINTOAPHASEMASK,WHICHISLOCATEDINEITHERTHEINPUTORTHEFOURIERDOMAINOFA4FCORRELATORFORINSTANCE,GIVENTHEPREDEFINITIONSOFASIGNIFICANTIMAGEFDXYTASTHEDESIREDOUTPUTANDAPHASEDISTRIBUTIONEXPFIBDUVTGINTHEFOURIERDOMAIN,IT’SEASYTOOPTIMIZETHEOTHERPHASEFUNCTIONEXPFIPDXYTTGWITHAMODIFIEDPROJECTIONONTOCONSTRAINTSETSPOCSALGORITHM10THEREFORETHEIMAGEFDXYTISENCODEDSUCCESSFULLYINTOEXPFIPDXYTGWITHTHEAIDOFEXPFIBDUVTGINOTHERWORDS,THEFIXEDPHASEEXPFIBDUVTGSERVESASTHELOCKWHILETHERETRIEVEDPHASEEXPFIPDXYTGSERVESASTHEKEYOFTHESECURITYSYSTEMTORECONSTRUCTTHEORIGINALINFORMATION,THEPHASEFUNCTIONSEXPFIPDXYTGANDEXPFIBDUVTGMUSTMATCHANDBELOCATEDINTHEINPUTANDTHEFOURIERPLANERESPECTIVELYABOOKASISETAL11IMPLEMENTEDTHISSCHEMEWITHAJOINTTRANSFORMCORRELATORFOROPTICALVERIFICATIONHOWEVER,BECAUSETHEKEYEXPFIPDXYTGCONTAINSINFORMATIONOFTHEIMAGEFDXYTANDTHELOCKEXPFIBDUVTG,ANDTHE4FCORRELATORHASACHARACTEROFLINEARITY,ITISPOSSIBLEFORTHEINTRUDERTOFINDOUTTHEPHASEDISTRIBUTIONOFTHELOCKFUNCTIONBYSTATISTICALLYANALYZINGTHERANDOMCHARACTERSOFTHEKEYSIFTHESYSTEMUSESONLYONELOCKFORDIFFERENTIMAGEINORDERTOINCREASETHESECURELEVELOFSUCHSYSTEM,ONEAPPROACHISTOUSEDIFFERENTLOCKFUNCTIONFORDIFFERENTIMAGEENLARGINGTHEKEYSPACEISANOTHERAPPROACHTOINCREASETHESECURELEVELITCANBEACHIEVEDBYENCRYPTINGIMAGESINTHEFRACTIONALFOURIERDOMAINASARESULT,THESCALEFACTORSANDTHETRANSFORMORDEROFFERADDITIONALKEYS2,3ONTHEOTHERHAND,NOTETHATTHEPHASEMASKSERVESASTHEKEYOFTHESYSTEM,ENLARGINGTHEKEYSPACECANBEACHIEVEDBYENCODINGTHETARGETIMAGEINTOTWOORMOREPHASEMASKSWITHAMODIFIEDPOCSALGORITHMCHANGETAL12HAVEPROPOSEDAMULTIPLEPHASESRETRIEVALALGORITHMANDDEMONSTRATEDTHATANOPTICALSECURITYSYSTEMBASEDONITHASHIGHERLEVELOFSECURITYANDHIGHERQUALITYFORTHEDECRYPTEDIMAGEHOWEVER,THISALGORITHMRETRIEVESONLYONEPHASEDISTRIBUTIONWITHAPHASECONSTRAINTINEACHITERATIONASARESULT,THEMASKSARENOTSOCONSISTENTANDMAYAFFECTTHEQUALITYOFTHERECOVEREDIMAGEINTHEPRESENTPAPER,WEPROPOSEAMODIFIEDPOCSALGORITHMTHATADJUSTSTHEDISTRIBUTIONSOFBOTHPHASEMASKSSYNCHRONOUSLYINEACHITERATIONASARESULT,THECONVERGENTSPEEDOFTHEITERATIONPROCESSISEXPECTEDTOSIGNIFICANTLYINCREASEANDTHETARGETIMAGEWITHMUCHHIGHERQUALITYISEXPECTEDTORECOVERBECAUSEOFTHECOADJUSTINGOFTHETWOMASKSDURINGTHEITERATIONPROCESSWHENTHEITERATIONPROCESSISFINISHED,THETARGUOHAISITU,JINGJUANZHANG,ACASCADEDITERATIVEFOURIERTRANSFORMALGORITHMFOROPTICALSECURITYAPPLICATIONS473INTERNATIONALJOURNALFORLIGHTANDELECTRONOPTICS00304026/03/114/104731500/0RECEIVED1JULY2003ACCEPTED12OCTOBER2003CORRESPONDENCETOGSITUEMAILGHSITUMAILSGSCASACCNOPTIK114,NO102003473–477HTTP//WWWELSEVIERDEUTSCHLANDDE/IJLEOVENTIONALITERATIONALGORITHM,THATIS,THEFINALPHASEDISTRIBUTIONSOFTHEMASKSAREDETERMINEDBYTHEINITIALIZATIONSOFTHEMTHEREFOREDIFFERENTINITIALIZATIONSWILLRESULTINDIFFERENTDISTRIBUTIONSOFFOPTDXYTANDWOPTDUVTTHETARGETIMAGECANNOTBEDESCRYPTEDIFTHEKEYSMISMATCHTHATIS,THEKEYSWEREGENERATEDFROMTHEDIFFERENTITERATIONPROCESSINPRACTICALSYSTEM,THEPHASESOFTHEMASKSAREQUANTIZEDTOFINITELEVELS,WHICHMIGHTREDUCETHESOLUTIONSPACEANDINTRODUCENOISETOTHERECOVEREDIMAGETOCOMPENSATETHELOSSOFTHEQUALITY,THETARGETIMAGECANBEENCODEDINTOMOREPHASEMASKSTOPROVIDEADDITIONALFREEDOMFORSOLUTIONSSEARCHING,WHICHMEANSTOENCRYPTTHEIMAGEWITHAMULTISTAGESCASCADEDCORRELATORFROMTHEPOINTOFVIEWOFSECURITY,THISSTRATEGYSIGNIFICANTLYENLARGESTHEKEYSPACEBECAUSEMOREKEYSWEREGENERATED,ANDMAKESTHEINTRUSIONMOREDIFFICULTGENERALLY,THETSTAGESCORRELATIONISDEFINEDASF0DXYT?IFTFFTFIFTFFTFEXP?I2PFD1TDXYT?G?EXP?I2PWD2TDUVT?GEXP?I2PFDT?1TDXYT?G?EXP?I2PWDTTDUVT?GD5ATFORTISEVEN,ORF0DXYT?IFTFFTFIFTFFTFIDXYTG?EXP?I2PWD1TDUVT?GEXP?I2PFDT?1TDXYT?G?EXP?I2PWDTTDUVT?GD5BTFORTISODD,WHERETHEMATRIXIDXYTREPRESENTSTHEINPUTPLANEWAVE,ANDTHESUPERSCRIPTIDI?12TTDENOTESTHESERIALNUMBEROFTHEMASKSINTHESYSTEMTHEPHASEDISTRIBUTIONSOFTHESEMASKSMAYBEDEDUCEDBYANALOGOUSANALYSISFOREQ33COMPUTERSIMULATIONINTHISSECTIONWENUMERICALLYDEMONSTRATEOURGENERALCONCEPTAJETPLANEIMAGEOFTHESIZE128?128WITH256GRAYSCALEISUSEDASTHETARGETIMAGEASSHOWNINFIG2THESIZESOFBOTHPHASEMASKSARESAMEASTHETARGETIMAGEANDWESUPPOSETHEOPTICALSYSTEMISILLUMINATEDBYAPLANEWAVEWITHTHEAMPLITUDEEQUATINGTO1THEALGORITHMSTARTSWITHTHERANDOMINITIALIZATIONOFTHETWOPHASEMASKSTHENTHEPHASEFUNCTIONSARETRANSFORMEDFORWARDANDBACKWARDALTERNATIVELYTHROUGHTHECORRELATIONDEFINEDBYEQS1–3THEALGORITHMCONVERGESVERYFASTTHECORRELATIONCOEFFICIENTREACHES099AFTERABOUT3ITERATIONS,THENITKEEPSINCREASINGSLOWLYANDFINALLYREACHES1WITHIN20ITERATIONS,CORRESPONDINGLY,THEINTENSITYDISTRIBUTIONOFTHERETRIEVEDIMAGEISEXTREMELYCLOSETOTHATOFTHETARGETIMAGERIGOROUSLY,THECORRELATIONCOEFFICIENTDOESCONVERGEBUTNOTEQUATETO1NOMATTERHOWMANYITERATIONSTHEALGORITHMRUNSBECAUSENOANALYTICSOLUTIONSFOREQ1CANBEFOUNDHEREWESAYITREACHES1JUSTBECAUSETHEDIFFERENCEBETWEENTHETWOIMAGESISBEYONDTHELIMITATIONOFTHEREPRESENTATIONALPRECISIONOFTHEDIGITALCOMPUTERACTUALLY,THECIFTALGORITHMRETAINSTHEERRORREDUCINGPROPERTYOFTHECONVENTIONALPOCSALGORITHMTHEMSEKEEPSREDUCINGTILLTHELOCALBUTNOTGLOBALMINIMUMISREACHEDONEINTERESTINGCHARACTEROFTHECIFTALGORITHMISTHATARBITRARYINITIALIZATIONSCANGENERATERECOVEREDIMAGESWITHALMOSTSAMEQUALITY,ANDRESULTINDIFFERENTDISTRIBUTIONSFORTHEMASKS,ASSHOWNINFIG3THEREFORETHEOPTIMIZEDPHASEMASKSCANBEUSEDASTHEKEYSOFTHESECURITYSYSTEMONLYTWOPHASEMASKS,WHICHMATCHEACHOTHERANDARELOCATEDINTHEAPPROPRIATEPLANESOFTHE4FARCHITECTURE,RESPECTIVELY,CANRECOVERTHETARGETIMAGEOTHERWISE,THEOUTPUTISMEANINGLESSONTHEOTHERHAND,THEKEYSEXP?I2PFOPTDXYT?ANDEXP?I2PWOPTDUVT?,AREPHASEONLYFUNCTIONS,ANDHAVERANDOMLIKEDISTRIBUTIONSASWELLTHESECHARACTERSMAYINTRODUCEAHIGHLEVELOFSECURITYBECAUSETHEYOFFERAPROPERTYOFANTICOUNTERFEITINGANOTHERSECUREADVANTAGEOFTHECIFTALGORITHMARISESINTHEAPPLICATIONOFAUTHENTICITYVERIFICATIONINSTEADOFDETECTINGASINGLECORRELATIONPEAK,THEVERIFICATIONSYSTEMBASEDONTHECIFTALGORITHMDETECTSASIGNIFICANTOUTPUTTODETERMINEWHETHERORNOTTOVERIFYTHEINPUTSOITISIMPOSSIBLETOCAUSEAFALSEVERIFICATIONBYDIRECTLYILLUMINATINGTHEOUTPUTPLANEBYPASSINGTHECORRELATORBECAUSETHEINTRUDERCANNOTGENERATETHESAMEPATTERNATTHEOUTPUTWITHOUTTHEKNOWLEDGEOFTHECORRECTPHASEDISTRIBUTIONSTHISISESPECIALLYUSEFULINTHEAPPLICATIONSWHEREHIGHSECURITYISNECESSARYFORTHESAKEOFSECURITY,THETWOMASKSAREEXPECTEDASSIGNINGTOTWOPERSONS,RESPECTIVELYTHEREFORE,THEVERIFICATIONCANBEPERFORMEDONLYUNDERTHEAUTHORIZATIONSOFTHEMBOTHIFHIGHERSECURITYISREQUIRED,MOREPHASEMASKSCANBERETRIEVEDANDASSIGNEDTOMOREAUTHORITIESSOASTODIMINISHTHERISKOFBEINGSTOLENOFTHEKEYSTOCOMPAREWITHPREVIOUSMETHODS,THECIFTALGORITHMANDTHEPREVIOUSMETHODSAREINVESTIGATEDUNDERTHESAMEINITIALCONDITIONSLETALGORITHMA,B,CANDDDENOTETHEMETHODSPRESENTEDINREFS9,10,12ANDTHEALGORITHMPROPOSEDINTHEPRESENTPAPER,RESPECTIVELYALGORITHMAANDBMERELYMODIFYTHEDISTRIBUTIONOFSINGLEMASK,WHICHISLOCATEDINTHEFOURIERGUOHAISITU,JINGJUANZHANG,ACASCADEDITERATIVEFOURIERTRANSFORMALGORITHMFOROPTICALSECURITYAPPLICATIONS475FIG2THETARGETIMAGEFORTHECOMPUTERSIMULATION

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