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簡介:ABSTRACTACCORDINGTOTHETHROTTLESLICETHICKNESSANDPREDEFORMATIONOFTHROTTLESLICE,THEVELOCITYPOINTSOFVALVEOPENINGWEREANALYZEDBYTHERELATIONOFFLUXTOTHEVELOCITY,ANDTHEANALYTICFORMULASOFSHOCKABSORBERVELOCITYWHENVALVEOPENINGWEREGIVENBASEDONTHIS,THEOUTERCHARACTERISTICMODELOFSHOCKABSORBERWASESTABLISHEDBYPIECEWISELINEARFUNCTIONAPRACTICALEXAMPLEOFSIMULATIONOFSHOCKABSORBEROUTERCHARACTERISTICWASGIVEN,ANDTHEPERFORMANCETESTWASCONDUCTEDTHERESULTSSHOWTHATTHEMODELOFOUTERSIMULATIONISCORRECT,THESIMULATIONVALUESISCOINCIDEWITHTESTVALUES,ANDITHASIMPORTANTREFERENCEVALUEFORTELESCOPESHOCKABSORBERDESIGNANDCHARACTERISTICANALYSISIINTRODUCTIONHESHOCKABSORBEROFAUTOMOBILEISONEOFTHEMOSTIMPORTANTCOMPONENTSOFSUSPENSIONSYSTEM,ANDPLAYSAVITALROLEINTHEDRIVINGPROCESSOFVEHICLESTHECHARACTERISTICOFSHOCKABSORBERINFLUENCESDRIVINGSMOOTHNESSANDRIDECOMFORTABLENESSOFVEHICLES1–2THESHOCKABSORBERUSEDMOSTCOMMONLYONAUTOMOBILEISTELESCOPICSHOCKABSORBERTHECHARACTERISTICSIMULATIONHASTHESIGNIFICANCEFORTHEDESIGNOFSHOCKABSORBER3–4WITHTHECHARACTERISTICSIMULATION,THEFLAWSOFDESIGNCOULDBEFOUNDANDMODIFIEDINTIME,SOTHEDESIGNANDDEVELOPCOULDSPEEDUP,WHILEALSOTHETESTCOSTSCOULDBEREDUCEDHOWEVER,ATPRESENT,BOTHINDOMESTICANDABROAD,THECHARACTERISTICOFSHOCKABSORBERISSIMULATEDMOSTLYWITHREADYMADESIMULATIONSOFTWARE5–6UTILIZINGTHISMETHOD,MOSTOFNECESSARYPARAMETERSUSEDINTHEMODELINGOFCHARACTERISTICAREOBTAINEDTHROUGHTHEEXPERIMENTTESTS,THEREFORE,ITISHARDTOESTABLISHTHEACCURATESIMULATIONMODEL,ANDTHESIMULATIONRESULTSISALSONOTRELIABLE7–8THOUGHSOMESCHOLARSHADBUILTTHEMODELOFCHARACTERISTICWITHMATHFUNCTION,DUETOTHEINACCURATEANALYSISOFTHESHOCKABSORBERDAMPINGCOMPONENT,ANDTHEIMPRECISECOMPUTATIONOFTHROTTLESLICEDEFORMATIONANDOPENINGSIZEOFTHETHROTTLEVALVEWITHTHEMECHANICALDESIGNHANDBOOKWHICHPROVIDESONLYTHEMAXIMUMDEFORMATIONPROXIMATELYFORMULA,SOITISDIFFICULTTOBUILDTHEACCURACYMODELINTHISPAPER,BYTHEANALYSISTOTHEPATHWAYTHROTTLELOSSCOEFFICIENTANDLOCALTHROTTLELOSSCOEFFICIENTOFPISTONHOLES,MANUSCRIPTRECEIVEDJULY15,2008THISWORKWASSUPPORTEDINPARTBYTHESDNSFUNDERGRANTY2007F72ANDNEDTFFAX865332786837EMAILGREATWALLSDUTEDUCNSBYUANYILIUISWITHTHESHANDONGUNIVERSITYOFTECHNOLOGY,ZIBO255049,CHINAPHONE865332780023FAX865332780023EMAILLIUYUANYISDUTEDUCNTDYANHUICAIISWITHTHEWEIHAIVOCATIONALCOLLEGE,WEIHAI264200,CHINAEMAILCAIYH1965126COMWITHTHEANALYTICFORMULAOFTHROTTLESLICEDEFORMATION,ACCORDINGTOTHEVELOCITYPOINTSATWHICHTHEVALVEOPENING,THEMODELOFSHOCKABSORBEROUTERCHARACTERISTICWASESTABLISHEDBYTHEPIECEWISELINEARFUNCTIONTHESIMULATIONANDANALYSISOFOUTERCHARACTERISTICWASGIVEN,ANDTHEPERFORMANCETESTWASCONDUCTEDIIANALYSISOFDAMPINGCOMPONENTSWHENTHECHARACTERISTICOFSHOCKABSORBERISANALYZED,THETHROTTLEHOLES,PISTONHOLEANDPISTONSLOTSHOULDBETAKENINTOACCOUNT,MEANWHILETHELOCALTHROTTLELOSSMUSTALSOBECONSIDEREDTHEANALYSISONTHESTRUCTURE,THETHROTTLEPRESSUREANDTHEFLUXOFTHETHROTTLEVALVESAREASFOLLOWSATHROTTLEHOLESTHROTTLEHOLESAREAISCOMPOSEDOFANUMBEROFSMALLRECTANGULARHOLESONSLICEITCOULDBEREGARDEDASTHINWALLEDHOLETHEREFORE,THERELATIONBETWEENFLUXANDTHROTTLEPRESSURECANBEREGARDEDAS90002APQAΕΡ1WHERE,ΕISTHROTTLEFLOWCOEFFICIENT,WHICHISDECIDEDBYTHETYPEOFTHROTTLEHOLES0PISTHEPRESSUREOFTHROTTLEHOLES0AISTHETOTALAREAOFTHROTTLEHOLESBDEFORMATIONOFTHROTTLESLICENORMALLY,THEVELOCITYOFSHOCKABSORBERISQUITESLOW,ANDTHETHROTTLEPRESSUREISLOW,THUSTHEDEFORMATIONOFTHROTTLESLICECOULDBEREGARDASMINORDEFLECTIONBENDINGDEFORMATIONACCORDINGTOTHECALCULATIONMETHODOFTHEBENDINGDEFORMATIONCOEFFICIENT,THEDEFORMATION10ATVALVEMOUTHRADIUSCANBEEXPRESSEDAS3KKFRRPFGH2WHERE,KRGISTHEDEFORMATIONCOEFFICIENTOFTHROTTLESLICEATVALVEMOUTHRADIUSHISTHETHICKNESSOFTHROTTLESLICEPFISTHEPRESSUREONTHROTTLESLICETHEOPENINGSIZEOFTHROTTLEVALVEISDETERMINEDBYTHETOTALDEFORMATIONKRFANDPREDEFORMATION0KRFOFTHROTTLESLICEATVALVEMOUTHRADIUS,THATIS0KKKRRRFFΔ?3CHARACTERISTICSIMULATIONOFTELESCOPICSHOCKABSORBERFIRSTACHANGCHENGZHOU,SECONDBYUANYILIU,ANDTHIRDCYANHUICAIT2079781424417872/08/2500C?2008IEEEWHENTHEVALVEOPENSFIRST,THEPRESSUREONSLICEISEQUALTOTHETHROTTLEPRESSUREOFORIFICE,THATIS101FKKPPTHEFLUXOFORIFICECANBEEXPRESSEDAS01012/KFKQAPΕΡ12PISTONHOLESANDORIFICESARETHESERIES,THATIS011KHKQQ,SOTHETHROTTLEPRESSUREOFPISTONHOLESCANBEEXPRESSEDAS0114128THEKHKHHLQPNDΜΠ13THROTTLEORIFICEANDPISTONHOLESAREINPARALLELWITHPISTONSLOT,THEREFORE,THETHROTTLEPRESSUREOFPISTONCIRCLESLOTISEQUALTOTHESUMOFTHROTTLEPRESSUREOFPISTONHOLESANDTHROTTLEORIFICES,THATIS111HKHKFKPPPSOTHEFLUXOFPISTONCIRCLETHROTTLESLOTCANBEEXPRESSEDAS321111512HHHKHKTHDEPQLΠΔΜ14ACCORDINGTOTHECONTINUITYTHEOREMOFOIL,THEFLUXOFTHROTTLEORIFICES,PISTONHOLESANDPISTONCIRCLESLOTSHOULDSATISFYTHERELATIONEQUATION,THATIS0111KHKKHQQVSTHUSTHEVELOCITYATWHICHTHEREBOUNDVALVEOPENINGCANBEOBTAINED,THATIS3211101211512FKHHHKFKKFHHTHPDEPPAVSSLΠΔΕΡΜ15BVELOCITYPOINTOFVALVEOPENINGSECONDLYWHILEREBOUNDVALVEOPENINGSECONDLY,THETHROTTLESLICEWOULDTOUCHTHELIMITGASKETANDLOWEROFSHIELDRINGASARESULTOFDEFORMATION,SO,THEMAXIMUMOPENINGSIZEOFVALVEISMAXΔ,ASFIG2AFTERTHETHROTTLEREBOUNDVALVEBEINGATTHEMAXIMUMOPENINGSIZE,THETOTALDEFORMATIONSOFTHROTTLESLICEIS2MAX0KKRKRFFΔSO,THEPRESSUREONTHROTTLESLICEIS32MAX0/KKFKRRPFHGΔFORTHETHROTTLEORIFICEISPARALLELWITHTHETHROTTLESLOTOFREBOUNDVALVE,SO022KFKPP,THEFLUXOFTHROTTLEORIFICEIS02022/KFKQAPΕΡ16THEFLUXOFTHROTTLESLOTOFREBOUNDVALVEIS3MAX226LN/FKFKTBKPQRRΠΔΜ17THROTTLEORIFICEISPARALLELTOTHROTTLESLOTOFREBOUNDVALVE,ANDTHENSERIESTOPISTONHOLE,SO2202HKFKKQQQTHEREFORE,THETHROTTLEPRESSUREOFPISTONHOLEIS20224128THEFKKHKHHLQQPNDΜΠTHEFLUXOFTHROUGHPISTONCIRCLESLOTIS32202211512HHHKKHKTHDEPPQLΠΔΜ18ACCORDINGTOTHECONTINUITYTHEOREMOFOIL,WHENTHEREBOUNDVALVEREACHESTHEMAXIMUMOPENINGSIZE,THEVELOCITYOFSHOCKABSORBERIS22202/KFHKFKKHVQQQS19CPIECEWISELINEARFUNCTIONMODELOFCHARACTERISTIC1REBOUNDPROCESSV0THEOUTERCHARACTERISTICOFSHOCKABSORBERINREBOUNDPROCESSCANBEEXPRESSEDBYTHEFOLLOWINGPIECEWISELINEARFUNCTION1111222123332,0,,DFFHHKFDDFFHHKKFDFFHHKFFPPSVVFFPPSVVVFPPSVV??20WHERE,1FP,2FP,3FP1HP,2HP,AND3HPARETHETHROTTLEPRESSUREOFTHROTTLESLOTOFREBOUNDVALVEANDPISTONHOLE,WHENREBOUNDVALVEISONTHREEKINDSOFCONDITIONSTHATAREBEFOREOPENING,AFTEROPENINGANDMAXIMUMOPENINGSIZE2COMPRESSIONPROCESSV0INTHESAMEWAY,THEOUTERCHARACTERISTICOFCOMPRESSIONPROCESSCANBEEXPRESSEDAS1111122222133332,0,,DYYHYGLHKYDDYYHYGLHKYKYDYYHYGLHKYFPPSPSVVFFPPSPSVVVFPPSPSVV?≤?≤???21FIG2OILPATHSAFTERREBOUNDVALVEOPENINGSECONDLY2008ASIASIMULATIONCONFERENCE7THINTLCONFONSYSSIMULATIONANDSCIENTIFICCOMPUTING209
      下載積分: 10 賞幣
      上傳時間:2024-03-14
      頁數(shù): 6
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      ( 4 星級)
    • 簡介:104VOL28NO1CHENBAOFANBASICMECHANICALPROPERTIESANDMICROSTRUCTURALANALYSISBASICMECHANICALPROPERTIESANDMICROSTRUCTURALANALYSISOFRECYCLEDCONCRETECHENBAOFAN1,21COLLEGEOFCIVILENGINEERING,LIMINGVOCATIONALUNIVERSITY,QUANZHOU362000,CHINA2APPLIEDTECHNOLOGYENGINEERINGCENTEROFFUJIANPROVINCIALHIGHEDUCATIONFORPRACTICALCHEMICALMATERIAL,LIMINGVOCATIONALUNIVERSITY,QUANZHOU362000,CHINAABSTRACTTHEREGENERATIONAGGREGATE,NATURALAGGREGATE,PO425RPORTLANDCEMENT,COALFLYASH,ANDSLAGPOWDERSS95GRAININGBLASTFURNACE,HOMEMADEPAACOMA/PEGCARBOXYLICACIDWATERREDUCINGAGENT,WEREUSEDTOGETHERWITHRECYCLEDCONCRETEAGGREGATEINDIFFERENTREGENERATIONRATESTOPREPARERECYCLEDCONCRETERCTHEINFLUENCESOFDIFFERENTRENEWABLEAGGREGATERATIOSONTHEBASICRCREPLACEMENTMECHANICALPROPERTIES,UNIAXIALCOMPRESSIONSTRESSANDSTRAINCURVE,ANDTHEELASTICMODULUSANDREBOUNDVALUEWEREINVESTIGATEDTHERESULTSSHOWTHATRCMECHANICALPROPERTIESDECREASESWITHRENEWABLEAGGREGATEREPLACEMENTRATEINCREASINGTHEPROLONGATIONCANREDUCETHEREDUCEDSPANKEYWORDSRECYCLEDCONCRETERCREGENERATIONAGGREGATEREPLACEMENTRATEMECHANICALPROPERTIESUNIAXIALCOMPRESSIONSTRESS?WUHANUNIVERSITYOFTECHNOLOGYANDSPRINGERVERLAGBERLINHEIDELBERG2013RECEIVEDNOV05,2011ACCEPTEDAUG13,2012CHENBAOFAN陳寶璠ASSOCPROFEMAILCHENBAOFAN2008163COMFUNDEDBYFUJIANEDUCATIONDEPARTMENTNOSJA11329,JA12412,ANDQUANZHOUFUJIANTECHNOLOGYRESEARCHANDDEVELOPMENTPROGRAMNO2010G7DOI101007/S115950130649X1INTRODUCTIONNOWALARGEAMOUNTOFWASTECONCRETEHASBEENPRODUCEDTHEAMOUNTOFWASTECONCRETENOTONLYTAKESUPPRECIOUSLANDRESOURCES,BUTALSOCAUSESSERIOUSENVIRONMENTALANDSOCIALPROBLEMSTHEMOSTEFFECTIVEWAYTODISPOSETHEWASTECONCRETEISTORECYCLEANDREUSETHEABANDONEDCONCRETE,IE,THEAPPLICATIONOFRECYCLEDCONCRETERC1THEMECHANICALPROPERTIESOFTHERCPLAYAKEYROLEINTHEAPPLICATIONOFRCTECHNOLOGYMANYTESTSHAVEBEENDONEONTHEMECHANICALPROPERTIESOFTHERCBYDIFFERENTSCHOLARS25SOMERESEARCHERS617,HAVEFOCUSEDONTHEANALYSISOFTHERCCOMPRESSIVESTRENGTH,UNIAXIALTENSIONPERFORMANCE,ANDTHEFLEXURALSTRENGTHANGLE,ETALMORECOMPREHENSIVERESEARCHONMECHANICALPROPERTIESISLACKEDMECHANICALPROPERTYTESTS,INCLUDINGCUBICCOMPRESSIVESTRENGTH,TENSILESTRENGTHANDFLEXURALSTRENGTH,UNIAXIALCOMPRESSIONSTRESSANDSTRAINCURVE,THEELASTICMODULUSANDREBOUNDVALUEOFCOMPREHENSIVETESTARECARRIEDOUTINTHISPAPERADDITIONALLY,THERCMICROSTRUCTUREISDISCUSSEDTHERESEARCHPLAYEDAVERYIMPORTANTROLEONTHEAPPLICATIONOFRC2MATERIALSANDMETHODS21RAWMATERIALSCEMENTCPO425RCEMENTFLYASHFAIIGRADEFLYASHGRANULARBLASTFURNACESLAGPOWDERGBFSS95LEVELFINEAGGREGATESS40DESALINATIONSANDAND60MADESANDNATURALCOARSEAGGREGATESNAORDINARYGRAVELWITHPARTICLESIZESRANGINGFROM5TO25MMSUPERPLASTICIZERSUPEREFFECTIVEPLASTICIZERPAACOMA/PEGPOLYCARBOXYLICACIDPLASTICIZERRECYCLEDCOARSEAGGREGATESRCAABANDONEDCONCRETEWITHSTRENGTHGRADEOFC30ASTHEEXPERIMENTALTARGETAFTERTWOBROKENPROCESSING,THEPARTICLESIZERANGEDFROM5TO10MMWATERINDUSTRIALWATERTHEMAINPREPERTIESARELISTINTABLES1722TESTMATERIALPROPORTIONSTOSTUDYTHEBASICMECHANICALPROPERTIES,THERC,RC0,RC25,RC50,RC85,ANDRC100SERIESWEREINTRODUCEDTHEPROPORTIONSOFCONCRETEINTHESESERIESWEREBASEDONTHEZEROREPLACEMENTRATIOTHETESTSTRENGTHWASC25,ANDTHEWATERBINDERRATIO,W/BWHEREBISTHECEMENTMATERIALDOSAGEOFC,FA,ORGBFSWAS047THEFAANDGBFSWEREMIXEDANDTHETOTALNUMBEROFTHEMWASNOMORETHAN25THE106VOL28NO1CHENBAOFANBASICMECHANICALPROPERTIESANDMICROSTRUCTURALANALYSISTHESPECIMENSWERE150MM150MM150MMAND150MM150MM300MM,RESPECTIVELYFORCUBICANDUNIAXIALCOMPRESSIONTESTSTHESPECIMENSIZEFORTENSILEANDFLEXURALSTRENGTHTESTWAS150MM150MMWHITECONCRETEWITHTHREELAYERSOFMOLDINGWEREPUTONTHEVIBRATIONBENCHAFTER1DOFSTRIPPING,THEMOLDINGWASPLACEDINACURINGROOMAT20±3℃ANDRELATIVEHUMIDITYABOVE9023TESTMETHODSRCSPECIMENSCOMPRESSIVESTRENGTHTESTWASPERFORMEDACCORDINGTO“THEORDINARYCONCRETEMECHANICSPERFORMANCETESTMETHOD“GB500812002SPECIMENSAREWIPEDCLEAN,ANDPLACEDUNDERPRESSUREPLATESADDLOTUSSHOULDBECONTINUOUSANDEVEN,ANDADDLOTUSSPEEDIS0510MPA/SRECORDTHEMAXIMUMLOADFN,ANDTHEBEARINGPRESSUREFCUOFRCCANBECALCULATED1WHEREFISTHEBEARINGPRESSUREOFRCTESTSPECIMEN,MPAAISTHEBEARINGAREAOFRCTESTSPECIMEN,MM2RCSPECIMENSUNIAXIALTENSILESTRENGTHTESTWASPERFORMEDACCORDINGTO“THEORDINARYCONCRETEMECHANICSPERFORMANCETESTMETHOD“GB500812002BODYSPECIMENS150MM150MM450MMWEREONBOTHENDSOFTHESTEELPLATEINORDERTOREFLECTTHEREGENERATIONOFTHECONCRETEUNIAXIALTENSILEPROPERTIES,SPECIMENSWEREWITHOUTLEAVEGAPSRECORDTHEMAXIMUMLOADFN,ANDTHECOMPRESSIVESTRENGTHOFCONCRETESAMPLESFTCANBECALCULATED2RCSPECIMENSFLEXURALSTRENGTHTESTWASPERFORMEDACCORDINGTO“THEORDINARYCONCRETEMECHANICSPERFORMANCETESTMETHOD“GB500812002SPECIMENS150MM150MM550MMISFIRMADDLOTUSSHOULDBECONTINUOUSANDEVEN,ANDADDLOTUSSPEEDIS005MPA/SRECORDLOADFN,ANDTHEFLEXURALSTRENGTHFFCANBECALCULAED3WHERELISSPACEBETWEENADMINICULAS,MMBISSECTIONWIDTHOFRCTESTSPECIMEN,MMHISSECTIONWIDTHOFRCTESTSPECIMEN,MMACCORDINGTO“THEREBOUNDMETHODOFDETECTIONCONCRETECOMPRESSIVESTRENGTHTECHNICALREGULATIONS“JGJ/T232001,THREECUBES150MM150MM150MMWEREOBTAINED4WHERERISTHEREBOUNDVALUEMAISTHEAVERAGEVALUEOFNONLEVELSTATEIIISTHEMEASURINGPOINTANDTHENFINDTHECORRESPONDINGLEVELOFDETECTINGSTATEREBOUNDVALUERMRMARSA5WHEREMISTHECALCULATIONVALUEOFNONLEVELSTATESAISTHECORRECTEDVALUEOFNONLEVELSTATESEMWEREUSEDFORTHEMICROSTRUCTUREANALYSIS3RESULTSANDDISCUSSION31BASICMECHANICALPROPERTIESOFTHERCATAWATERBINDERRATIOOF047,THEMECHANICALPROPERTIESOFRENEWABLEAGGREGATESWITHDIFFERENTREPLACEMENTRATIOSCHANGEDWITHAGE,ASSHOWNINFIG1THEFIGURESHOWSTHATTHERCCUBICCOMPRESSIVESTRENGTH,UNIAXIALTENSILESTRENGTH,ANDFLEXURALSTRENGTH
      下載積分: 10 賞幣
      上傳時間:2024-03-13
      頁數(shù): 6
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    • 簡介:ZEROMOMENTPOINTTRAJECTORYMODELLINGOFABIPEDWALKINGROBOTUSINGANADAPTIVENEUROFUZZYSYSTEMDKIM,SJSEOANDGTPARKABSTRACTABIPEDALARCHITECTUREISHIGHLYSUITABLEFORAROBOTBUILTTOWORKINHUMANENVIRONMENTSSINCESUCHAROBOTWILLFINDAVOIDINGOBSTACLESARELATIVELYEASYTASKHOWEVER,THECOMPLEXDYNAMICSINVOLVEDINTHEWALKINGMECHANISMMAKETHECONTROLOFSUCHAROBOTACHALLENGINGTASKTHEZEROMOMENTPOINTZMPTRAJECTORYINTHEROBOT’SFOOTISASIGNIFICANTCRITERIONFORTHEROBOT’SSTABILITYDURINGWALKINGIFTHEZMPCOULDBEMEASUREDONLINETHENITBECOMESPOSSIBLETOCREATESTABLEWALKINGCONDITIONSFORTHEROBOTANDHEREALSOSTABLYCONTROLTHEROBOTBYUSINGTHEMEASUREDZMP,VALUESZMPDATAISMEASUREDINREALTIMESITUATIONSUSINGABIPEDWALKINGROBOTANDTHISZMPDATAISTHENMODELLEDUSINGANADAPTIVENEUROFUZZYSYSTEMANFSNATURALWALKINGMOTIONSONFLATLEVELSURFACESANDUPANDDOWNA10?SLOPEAREMEASUREDTHEMODELLINGPERFORMANCEOFTHEANFSISOPTIMIZEDBYCHANGINGTHEMEMBERSHIPFUNCTIONSANDTHECONSEQUENTPARTOFTHEFUZZYRULESTHEEXCELLENTPERFORMANCEDEMONSTRATEDBYTHEANFSMEANSTHATITCANNOTONLYBEUSEDTOMODELROBOTMOVEMENTSBUTALSOTOCONTROLACTUALROBOTS1INTRODUCTIONTHEBIPEDALSTRUCTUREISONEOFTHEMOSTVERSATILESETUPSFORAWALKINGROBOTABIPED,ROBOTHASALMOSTTHESAMEMOVEMENTMECHANISMSASAHUMANANDITABLETOOPERATEINENVIRONMENTSCONTAININGSTAIRS,OBSTACLESETCHOWEVER,THEDYNAMICSINVOLVEDAREHIGHLYNONLINEAR,COMPLEXANDUNSTABLETHUS,ITISDIFFICULTTOGENERATEAHUMANLIKEWALKINGMOTIONTHEREALISATIONOFHUMANLIKEWALKINGROBOTSISANAREAOFCONSIDERABLEACTIVITY1–4INCONTRASTTOINDUSTRIALROBOTMANIPULATORS,THEINTERACTIONBETWEENAWALKINGROBOTANDTHEGROUNDISCOMPLEXTHECONCEPTOFAZEROMOMENTPOINTZMP2HASBEENSHOWNTOBEUSEFULINTHECONTROLOFTHISINTERACTIONTHETRAJECTORYOFTHEZMPBENEATHTHEROBOTFOOTDURINGAWALKISAFTERTAKENTOBEANINDICATIONOFTHESTABILITYOFTHEWALK1–6USINGTHEZMPWECANSYNTHESISETHEWALKINGPATTERNSOFBIPEDROBOTSANDDEMONSTRATEAWALKINGMOTIONWITHACTUALROBOTSTHUS,THEZMPCRITERIONDICTATESTHEDYNAMICSTABILITYOFABIPEDROBOTTHEZMPREPRESENTSTHEPOINTATWHICHTHEGROUNDREACTIONFORCEISTAKENTOOCCURTHELOCATIONOFTHEZMPCANBECALCULATEDUSINGAMODELOFTHEROBOTHOWEVER,ITISPOSSIBLETHATTHERECANBEALARGEERRORBETWEENTHEACTUALZMPVALUEANDTHECALCULATEDVALUE,DUETODEVIATIONSINTHEPHYSICALPARAMETERSBETWEENTHEMATHEMATICALMODELANDTHEREALMACHINETHUS,THEACTUALZMPSHOULDBEMEASUREDESPECIALLYIFITISTOBEUSEDINATOPARAMETERSACONTROLMETHODFORSTABLEWALKINGINTHISWORKACTUALZMPDATATAKENTHROUGHOUTTHEWHOLEWALKINGCYCLEAREOBTAINEDFROMAPRACTICALBIPEDWALINGROBOTTHEROBOTWILLBETESTEDBOTHONAFLATFLOORANDALSOON10?SLOPESANADAPTIVENEUROFUZZYSYSTEMANFSWILLBEUSEDTOMODELTHEZMPTRAJECTORYDATATHEREBYALLOWINGITSUSETOCONTROLACOMPLEXREALBIPEDWALKINGROBOT2BIPEDWALKINGROBOT21DESIGNOFTHEBIPEDWALKINGROBOTWEHAVEDESIGNEDANDIMPLEMENTEDTHEBIPEDWALKINGROBOTSHOWNINFIG1THEROBOTHAS19JOINTSTHEKEYDIMENSIONSOFTHEROBOTAREALSOSHOWNINFIG1THEHEIGHTANDTHETOTALWEIGHTAREABOUT380MMAND1700GINCLUDINGBATTERIES,RESPECTIVELYTHEWEIGHTOFTHEROBOTISMINIMISEDBYUSINGALUMINIUMINITSCONSTRUCTIONEACHJOINTISDRIVENBYARCSERVOMOTORTHATCONSISTSOFADCMOTOR,GEARSANDASIMPLECONTROLLEREACHOFTHERCSERVOMOTORSISMOUNTEDINALINKEDSTRUCTURETHISSTRUCTUREENSURESTHATTHEROBOTISSTABLEIEWILLNOTFALLDOWNEASILYANDGIVESTHEROBOTAHUMANLIKEAPPEARANCEABLOCKDIAGRAMOFOURROBOTSYSTEMISSHOWNINFIG2OUTROBOTISABLETOWALKATARATEOFONESTEP48MMEVERY14SONAFLATFLOORORANSHALLOWSLOPESTHESPECIFICATIONSOFTHEROBOTARELISTEDINTABLE1THEWALKINGMOTIONSOFTHEROBOTARESHOWNINFIGS3–6FIGURES3AND4ARESHOWFRONTANDSIDEVIEWSOFTHEROBOT,RESPECTIVELYWHENTHEROBOTISONAFLATSURFACEFIGURE5ISASNAPSHOTOFTHEROBOTWALKINGDOWNASLOPEWHEREASFIG6ISASNAPSHOTOFTHEROBOTWALKINGUPASLOPETHELOCATIONSOFTHEJOINTSDURINGMOTIONARESHOWNINFIG7THEMEASUREDZMPTRAJECTORYISOBTAINEDFROMTENDEGREEOFFREEDOMDOFDATAASSHOWNINFIG7TWODEGREESOFFREEDOMAREASSIGNEDTOTHEHIPSANDANKLESANDONEDOFTOEACHKNEEUSINGTHESEJOINTANGLES,ACYCLICWALKINGPATTERNHASBEENREALISEDOURROBOTISABLETOWALKCONTINUOUSLYWITHOUTFALLINGDOWNTHEJOINTANGLESINTHEFOURSTEPMOTIONOFOURROBOTARESUMMARISEDINTHEAPPENDIXQIEE,2005IEEPROCEEDINGSONLINENO20045007DOI101049/IPCTA20045007DKIMANDGTPARKAREWITHTHEDEPARTMENTOFELECTRICALENGINEERING,KOREAUNIVERSITY,1,5KA,ANAMDONG,SEONGBUKKU,SEOUL136701,KOREASJSEOISWITHTHEDEPARTMENTOFELECTRICALANDELECTRONICENGINEERING,ANYANGUNIVERSITY,708113,ANYANGDONG,MANANGU,ANYANGSHI,KYUNGGIDO,430714,KOREAEMAILUPGROUNDKOREAACKRPAPERRECEIVED20THAPRIL2004ORIGINALLYPUBLISHEDONLINE8THJUNE2005IEEPROCCONTROLTHEORYAPPL,VOL152,NO4,JULY200541122ZMPMEASUREMENTSYSTEMTHEZMPTRAJECTORYINAROBOTFOOTISASIGNIFICANTCRITERIONFORTHESTABILITYOFTHEWALKINMANYSTUDIES,ZMPCOORDINATESARECOMPUTEDUSINGAMODELOFTHEROBOTTABLE1SPECIFICATIONSOFTHEROBOTINPUTHEIGHT300MM,WIDTH225MMWEIGHT17KGCPUS3C3410XARM7CORE,16BIT,40MHZEMBEDDEDINROBOTACTUATORRCSERVOMOTORSTORQUE11KGCMAT48V,GEARSANDMOTORCONTROLLERAREINCLUDEDINPACKAGEDEGREESOFFREEDOM19FTWOLEGS12TUPPERBODYSEVENPOWERSOURCEAASIZENICDBATTERY2100MAHWALKINGSPEED48MM14SFIG3FRONTVIEWOFTHEROBOTONAFLATFLOORFIG4SIDEVIEWOFTHEROBOTCORRESPONDINGTOFIG3FIG5SNAPSHOTOFTHEROBOTWALKINGDOWNA10?SLOPEIEEPROCCONTROLTHEORYAPPL,VOL152,NO4,JULY2005413
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    • 簡介:INSITUSTRUCTURALDYNAMICBEHAVIOROFGATEINSHIPLOCKSHANSHANWANG1,LONGHUANG2,LINGQIU11DEPARTMENTOFENGINEERINGMECHANICS,HOHAIUNIVERSITY,NANJING,JIANGSU210098,PRCHINA2PORTANDCHANNELDEPARTMENT,JIANGSUPROVINCIALCOMMUNICATIONPLANNINGANDDESIGNINSTITUTE,NANJING,JIANGSU210000,PRCHINAWSSHHUEDUCNHLONG0223VIPSINACOMQIULINGHHUEDUCNABSTRACTTHESTRUCTURALDYNAMICBEHAVIORISBECOMINGINCREASINGLYIMPORTANTINORDERTODETERMINETHESTRUCTURALOPTIMIZATIONDESIGNMAINTAININGSAFETYANDINTEGRITYOFTHESTRUCTURESREQUIREABETTERUNDERSTANDINGOFSTRUCTURALDYNAMICPROPERTIESANDRESPONSEINTHISSTUDY,INSITUTESTISCONDUCTEDTOINSPECTTHESTRUCTURALDYNAMICBEHAVIOROFGATEINSHIPLOCKTHEREALSHIPISUSEDTOCRASHAGAINSTTHEGATETOMAKESTRUCTURALVIBRATIONUSINGTHEFREEVIBRATIONRESPONSETOOBTAINSTRUCTURALDYNAMICPROPERTIESPROVIDESTHEFOUNDATIONOFSTRUCTURALOPTIMIZATIONDESIGNTHESPECIALFENDERISUSEDASCOLLISIONPROTECTIONSYSTEMOFTHEGATETHETESTRESULTSSHOWTHATTHEVIBRATIONAMPLITUDECHANGESGREATLYBETWEENGATESWITHANDWITHOUTTHEFENDERTHEVIBRATIONAMPLITUDESOFGATEWITHFENDERARELESSTHANTHEONEWITHOUTFENDERBASEDONTHEINSITUVIBRATIONTESTCONDUCTED,ITISCONCLUDEDTHATTHEINSTALLATIONOFFENDERASCOLLISIONPROTECTIONDEVICEISANEFFECTIVEMETHODTOMAKETHEGATEINSHIPLOCKSAFERKEYWORDSDYNAMICBEHAVIORSHIPLOCKGATEFENDERVIBRATIONCOLLISIONINTRODUCTIONTHEMITREGATEHASBEENWIDELYUSEDINTHESHIPLOCKBESIDESTHENORMALOPERATIONALLOADS,THEGATEISSUBJECTEDTOUNEXPECTEDINCIDENTSINCLUDINGSUDDENLOADSSUCHASCOLLISIONOFTHESHIPTHESTRUCTURALDYNAMICBEHAVIORISBECOMINGINCREASINGLYIMPORTANTINORDERTODETERMINETHESTRUCTURALOPTIMIZATIONDESIGNMAINTAININGSAFETYANDINTEGRITYOFTHESTRUCTURESREQUIREABETTERUNDERSTANDINGOFSTRUCTURALDYNAMICPROPERTIESANDRESPONSEINORDERTOREASONABLYDESIGNTHEGATEANDINCREASETHESAFETYOFTHEGATEINSHIPLOCK,THEINSITUTESTOFTHESTRUCTURALDYNAMICBEHAVIOROFGATEINSHIPLOCKISCONDUCTEDINTHISPAPER,THEREALSHIPISUSEDTOCRASHAGAINSTTHEGATEINLIULAOJIANSHIPLOCKTOMAKESTRUCTURALVIBRATIONUSINGTHEFREEVIBRATIONRESPONSETOOBTAINSTRUCTURALDYNAMICPROPERTIESPROVIDESTHEFOUNDATIONOFSTRUCTURALOPTIMIZATIONDESIGNATTHESAMETIME,THEDYNAMICRESPONSESOFGATEWITHANDWITHOUTTHEFENDERAREALSODETECTEDSOASTOSHOWTHEAFFECTIONOFCOLLISIONPROTECTIONSYSTEMOFTHEGATE567EARTHANDSPACE2010ENGINEERING,SCIENCE,CONSTRUCTION,ANDOPERATIONSINCHALLENGINGENVIRONMENTS?2010ASCEDOWNLOADED25MAR2012TO582015133REDISTRIBUTIONSUBJECTTOASCELICENSEORCOPYRIGHTVISITHTTP//WWWASCELIBRARYORGCOLLISIONAVOIDANCESYSTEMTOPROTECTOCEANENGINEERINGSTRUCTURALSUCHASJETTY12,OFFSHOREPLATFORM3ANDSOONHOWEVER,FEWWORKSAREAVAILABLETOEVALUATETHEEFFECTOFFENDERUSEDINTHEMITREGATEINTHEPRESENTSTUDY,THEDYNAMICRESPONSEBETWEENGATESWITHANDWITHOUTTHEFENDERISINVESTIGATEDTHROUGHANEXPERIMENTALINVESTIGATIONOFAREALMITREGATETHEOBJECTIVESOFTHEEXPERIMENTALSTUDYARETOVALIDATETHATTHEINSTALLATIONOFFENDERASCOLLISIONPROTECTIONDEVICEISANEFFECTIVEMETHODTOMAKETHEGATEINSHIPLOCKSAFERTHEINSTALLATIONOFFENDERONTHEGATEINSHIPLOCKISSHOWNINFIG3FIG3THEINSTALLATIONOFFENDERONTHEGATEINSHIPLOCKWHENTHEREALSHIPISUSEDTOCRASHAGAINSTTHEGATETOMAKESTRUCTURALVIBRATION,THEMITREGATEINSHIPGATEISKEEPINGTHEOPENINGCONDITIONTHEVELOCITYOFSHIPFOREVERYCOLLISIONISINVARIABLE01M/SANDCOLLISIONPOSITIONISALSOINVARIABLEINTHISSTUDY,FIVECASESOFTHEDIFFERENTCOLLISIONCONDITIONSWITHDIFFERENTCOLLISIONANGLEBETWEENSHIPANDMITREGATEAREEXPERIMENTALLYINVESTIGATEDA5°B10°C15°D20°ANDE25°THECOLLISIONVIBRATIONRESPONSESAREMEASUREDUSINGACCELERATIONTRANSDUCERSANDSTRAINGAUGESACONCEPTUALSKETCHOFACCELERATIONTRANSDUCERSARRANGEMENTISILLUSTRATEDINFIG4ANDSTRAINGAUGESINFIG545321FIG4ARRANGEMENTOFACCELERATIONTRANSDUCERS569EARTHANDSPACE2010ENGINEERING,SCIENCE,CONSTRUCTION,ANDOPERATIONSINCHALLENGINGENVIRONMENTS?2010ASCE
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    • 簡介:INTERNATIONALJOURNALOFAUTOMOTIVETECHNOLOGY,VOL9,NO2,PP173?1812008DOI101007/S12239?008?0022?9COPYRIGHT?2008KSAE1229?9138/2008/039?07173DESIREDYAWRATEANDSTEERINGCONTROLMETHODDURINGCORNERINGFORASIXWHEELEDVEHICLESJAN1,KYI1,GJUNG2,KILEE1ANDYWKIM31SCHOOLOFMECHANICALANDAEROSPACEENGINEERING,SEOULNATIONALUNIVERSITY,SEOUL151744,KOREA2DEPARTMENTOFCOMPUTERAIDEDMECHANICALDESIGNENGINEERING,DAEJINUNIVERSITY,GYOENGGI487711,KOREA3AGENCYFORDEFENSEDEVELOPMENT533GROUP,DAEJEON305600,KOREARECEIVED12JUNE2007REVISED21NOVEMBER2007ABSTRACT?THISPAPERPROPOSESASTEERINGCONTROLMETHODBASEDONOPTIMALCONTROLTHEORYTOIMPROVETHEMANEUVERABILITYOFASIXWHEELEDVEHICLEDURINGCORNERINGTHESIXWHEELEDVEHICLEISBELIEVEDTOHAVEBETTERPERFORMANCETHANAFOURWHEELEDVEHICLEINTERMSOFITSCAPABILITYFORCROSSINGOBSTACLES,OFFROADMANEUVERINGANDFAILSAFEHANDLINGWHENONEORTWOOFTHETIRESAREPUNCTUREDALTHOUGHMANYMETHODSTOIMPROVETHEFOURWHEELEDVEHICLE’SLATERALSTABILITYHAVEBEENSTUDIEDANDDEVELOPED,THEREHAVEONLYBEENAFEWSTUDIESONTHESIXWHEELEDVEHICLE’SLATERALSTABILITYSOMESTUDIESOFTHESIXWHEELEDVEHICLEHAVEBEENREPORTEDRECENTLY,BUTTHEYARERELATEDTOTHEDESIREDYAWRATEOFAFOURWHEELEDVEHICLETOCONTROLTHESIXWHEELEDVEHICLE’SMANEUVERINGDURINGCORNINGINTHISPAPER,THESIDESLIPANGLEANDYAWRATEARECONTROLLEDTOIMPROVETHEMANEUVERABILITYDURINGCORNERINGBYINDEPENDENTCONTROLOFTHESTEERINGANGLESOFTHESIXWHEELSTHEDESIREDYAWRATETHATISSUITABLEFORASIXWHEELEDVEHICLEISPROPOSEDASACONTROLTARGETINADDITION,ASCALEDDOWNVEHICLEWITHSIXDRIVEMOTORSANDSIXSTEERINGMOTORSTHATCANBECONTROLLEDINDEPENDENTLYISDESIGNEDTHEPERFORMANCEOFTHEPROPOSEDCONTROLMETHODSISVERIFIEDUSINGAFULLMODELVEHICLESIMULATIONANDSCALEDDOWNVEHICLEEXPERIMENTKEYWORDSSIXWHEELEDVEHICLE,LATERALSTABILITY,DESIREDYAWRATE,SCALEDDOWNVEHICLE1INTRODUCTIONANINDEPENDENT6WDWHEELDRIVE/6WSWHEELSTEERMECHANISMISADOPTEDINASPECIALPURPOSED,MILITARYARMOREDVEHICLETOENHANCEITSSTEERINGPERFORMANCEANDITSDRIVECAPABILITYASANOFFROADTHESIXWHEELEDVEHICLEISBELIEVEDTOHAVEBETTERPERFORMANCETHANAFOURWHEELEDVEHICLEINTERMSOFITSCAPABILITYOFCROSSINGOBSTACLES,OFFROADMANEUVERINGANDFAILSAFEHANDLINGWHENONEORTWOOFTHEIRTIRESAREPUNCTUREDINORDERFORASIXWHEELEDVEHICLETOACHIEVETHEBESTMANEUVERABILITYDURINGCORNERING,THEMIDDLEANDREARWHEELSTEERINGANGLESNEEDTOBECONTROLLEDACCORDINGTOTHESTEERINGANGLEOFTHEFRONTWHEELSANDVELOCITYOFTHESIXWHEELEDVEHICLEMANYMETHODSHAVEBEENSTUDIEDANDACTIVELYDEVELOPEDTOIMPROVEAFOURWHEELEDVEHICLE’SLATERALSTABILITYACTIVELYZANTENETAL,1998NAGAIETAL,1999NAGAIETAL,2002SHINOETAL,2001SHIBAHATAETAL,1992,SONGETAL,2007HOWEVER,THEREHAVEONLYBEENAFEWSTUDIESONTHELATERALSTABILITYOFASIXWHEELEDVEHICLEHUHETAL2000SETTHEMIDDLEWHEELSTEERINGANGLETOHALFOFTHEFRONTWHEELSTEERINGANGLEANDCONTROLLEDTHEREARWHEELSTEERINGANGLETOMINIMIZETHESIDESLIPANGLEOFTHEIRSIXWHEELEDVEHICLEJACKSONANDCROLLA2002PROPOSEDTHEYAWRATECONTROLMETHODUSINGTHEDIRECTYAWMOMENTCONTROLDYCTOIMPROVETHESTABILITYOFTHEIRSIXWHEELEDVEHICLEDURINGCORNERINGCHENETAL2006CONTROLLEDTHEMIDDLEANDREARWHEELSTEERINGANGLEUSINGTHELQRLINEARQUADRATICREGULATORTECHNIQUEWITHINTEGRALCONTROLANETAL2006CONTROLLEDTHEFRONT,MIDDLEANDREARWHEELSTEERINGANGLEUSINGTHELQRTECHNIQUEBASEDONTHEFRONTWHEELSTEERINGANGLEANDVELOCITYHOWEVER,THEYUSEDTHEDESIREDYAWRATEOFAFOURWHEELEDVEHICLETOCONTROLTHESIXWHEELEDVEHICLE’SMANEUVERINGDURINGCORNERINGTHEMIDDLEWHEEL’SEFFECTTOINFLUENCETHECONTROLTARGETWASNOTCONSIDEREDINTHISSTUDYINTHISPAPER,THESIDESLIPANGLEANDYAWRATEARECONTROLLEDTOIMPROVETHEMANEUVERABILITYDURINGCORNERINGBYINDEPENDENTCONTROLOFTHESTEERINGANGLESOFSIXWHEELSTHEDESIREDYAWRATETHATISSUITABLEFORASIXWHEELEDVEHICLEISPROPOSEDASACONTROLTARGETINADDITION,ASCALEDDOWNVEHICLEISDESIGNEDANDUSEDTOEVALUATETHEPROPOSEDCONTROLMETHODTHESCALEDDOWNVEHICLEHASSIXDRIVEMOTORSANDSIXSTEERINGMOTORSTHATCANBECONTROLLEDINDEPENDENTLYTHESCALEDDOWNVEHICLEISEQUIPPEDWITHAMICROCONTROLLERFORVEHICLEMOTIONCONTROLANDTWOOPTICALMICETHATMAKEITPOSSIBLETOMEASUREVEHICLEVELOCITYANDYAWRATETHEPERFORMANCEOFTHEPROPOSEDCONTROLMETHODSISVERIFIEDUSINGFULLMODELVEHICLESIMULATIONRESULTSANDSCALEDDOWNVEHICLEEXPERIMENTALRESULTCORRESPONDINGAUTHOREMAILSJAN75SNUACKRDESIREDYAWRATEANDSTEERINGCONTROLMETHODDURINGCORNERING17532DESIREDMODELTOMAS,1992INRECENTSTUDIESOFASIXWHEELEDVEHICLE,THEDESIREDYAWRATEWASDERIVEDFROMTHESTEADYSTATECORNERINGEQUATIONSUNDERTHECONDITIONTHATTHEMIDDLEWHEELSTEERINGANGLEISZERO,ASDEMONSTRATEDINFIGURE3THEMIDDLEWHEELEFFECTWASNOTCONSIDEREDINTHISPAPER,ANEWDESIREDMODELTHATISSUITABLEFORASIXWHEELEDVEHICLEISPROPOSEDINLOWSPEEDTURNING,THETIRENEEDNOTDEVELOPALATERALFORCETHUSTHEYROLLWITHNOSLIPANGLE,ASDEMONSTRATEDINFIGURE4FORPROPERGEOMETRYINTHETURNASSUMINGSMALLANGLES,THEFRONTWHEELSTEERINGANGLEISDEFINEDASTHEACKERMANANGLE5THERELATIONSHIPBETWEENTHEFRONTWHEELSTEERINGANGLEANDTHEMIDDLEWHEELSTEERINGANGLEISDEFINEDASFOLLOWS6INHIGHSPEEDCORNERING,ALATERALACCELERATIONISPRESENTTOCOUNTERACTTHELATERALACCELERATION,THETIRESMUSTGENERATEALATERALFORCEASARESULT,SLIPANGLESAREPRESENTEDATEACHWHEELASSHOWNINFIGURE5THESTEADYSTATECORNERINGEQUATIONSAREDERIVEDFROMTHEAPPLICATIONOFNEWTON’SSECONDLAWALONGWITHTHEEQUATIONDESCRIBINGTHEGEOMETRYINTURN,ASDEMONSTRATEDINFIGURE5INHIGHSPEEDCORNERING,THECENTEROFTURN‘A’CENTEROFTURNATLOWSPEEDISCHANGEDTOTHECENTEROFTURN‘B’BECAUSEOFTHETIRESLIPANGLESEACHTIRESIDESLIPANGLEISDEFINEDASFOLLOWS7A7B7CTODERIVETHEDESIREDMODELACCORDINGTOTHEFRONTWHEELSTEERINGANGLEANDLONGITUDINALVELOCITYINHIGHSPEEDCORNERING,THEMIDDLEWHEELSTEERINGANGLEISDEFINEDASINEQUATIONS6BYASSIGNINGEQUATIONS6AND?R0TOEQUATIONS4,EQUATIONS4ISREARRANGEDASFOLLOWS8THERELATIONSHIPBETWEENTHEFRONTWHEELSTEERINGANGLEANDTHESTEADYSTATEYAWRATEGAINRSSISDEFINEDASB2CFMVX2CMMVX2CRMVX2LFCFIZ2LMCMIZ2LRCRIZ?FL??MLMLR?LLF–LM??M?F?LFLM–???RVX?,1?RVX??F?RVX????LFLM–???FLMLRL?????F?F??VXLFRVX?M?M??VXLMRVX?R?R??VXLRRVX?RA11A12A21A22?RB11B21?FB12B22?MA11A12A21A22?RB11B21?FB12B22?FLMLRL????A11A12A21A22?RB11B12LMLRL????B21B22LMLRL?????FFIGURE3CORNERINGWITH?M0FIGURE4GEOMETRYOFATURNING6WVEHICLEFIGURE5CORNERINGOFABICYCLEMODEL
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    • 簡介:本文是中英雙語對照畢業(yè)設(shè)計論文外文文獻(xiàn)翻譯,下載之后無需調(diào)整復(fù)雜的格式直接可用一輩子也就一次的事外文標(biāo)題OBJECTORIENTEDWEBAPPLICATIONDEVELOPMENT外文作者HANSWGELLERSENANDMARTINGAEDKE文獻(xiàn)出處IEEEINTERNETCOMPUTING316068,2018如覺得年份太老,可改為近2年,畢竟很多畢業(yè)生都這樣做英文4015單詞,26661字符字符就是印刷符,中文6698漢字。(如果字?jǐn)?shù)多了,可自行刪減,大多數(shù)學(xué)校都是要求選取外文的一部分內(nèi)容進(jìn)行翻譯的。)OBJECTORIENTEDWEBAPPLICATIONDEVELOPMENTTHEWEBHASEVOLVEDINTOAGLOBALENVIRONMENTFORDELIVERINGALLKINDSOFAPPLICATIONS,RANGINGFROMSMALLSCALEANDSHORTLIVEDSERVICESTOLARGESCALE,ENTERPRISEWORKFLOWSYSTEMSDISTRIBUTEDOVERMANYSERVERSAPPLICATIONSTHATUSEHTMLBASEDFRONTENDSBENEFITFROMTHEPERVASIVEDISTRIBUTIONOFWEBBROWSERSFORUNIVERSAL,CROSSPLATFORMACCESSANOTHERSTRIKINGADVANTAGEOFWEBDELIVERYLIESINTHECONCEPTOFTHINCLIENTSANDCENTRALIZEDMAINTENANCE,FACILITATINGINSTANTANEOUSDEPLOYMENTOFSOFTWAREUPDATESATMINIMALCOSTWHILETHEPOPULARITYOFTHEWEBANDITSADVANTAGESASACLIENTSERVERPLATFORMHAVELEDTOCOUNTLESSHTMLBASEDAPPLICATIONS,THEDEVELOPMENTOFWEBAPPLICATIONSISSTILLMOSTLYADHOCTHEREISNORIGOROUS,SYSTEMATICAPPROACH,ANDMOSTCURRENTWEBAPPLICATIONDEVELOPMENTANDMANAGEMENTPRACTICESRELYONTHEKNOWLEDGEANDEXPERIENCEOFINDIVIDUALDEVELOPERSONEREASONFORTHELACKOFASTRUCTUREDAPPROACHMAYBEINTHEWEB’SLEGACYASANINFORMATIONMEDIUMRATHERTHANANAPPLICATIONPLATFORMWEBDEVELOPMENTISSEENPRIMARILYASANAUTHORINGPROBLEMRATHERTHANASOFTWAREDEVELOPMENTPROBLEMTOWHICHWELLESTABLISHEDSOFTWAREENGINEERINGPRINCIPLESSHOULDAPPLYWEBELIEVEANOTHERREASONISTHATTHEWEBIMPLEMENTATIONMODELDOESNOTRELATEWELLGENERALSOFTWAREDEVELOPMENTCONVENTIONALSOFTWAREPROCESSESUSUALLYADDRESSFOURDEVELOPMENTPHASESANALYSIS,DESIGN,IMPLEMENTATION,ANDMAINTENANCE/EVOLUTIONDURINGANALYSIS,DEVELOPERSBUILDAMODELOFANAPPLICATIONINTERMSOFTHEDOMAINIDEALLY,THISANALYSISCONCENTRATESONTHEAPPLICATION’SPROBLEMSPACESEPARATEFROMSOFTWARECONSIDERATIONS,WHICHAREPARTOFTHESOLUTIONSPACEACCORDINGLY,THISPHASESHOULDNOTBEAFFECTEDBYWHETHERORNOTTHEAPPLICATIONISTOBEDELIVEREDOVERTHEWEBBASEDONTHEANALYSIS,AMODELOFTHESOFTWARESOLUTIONISDEFINEDDURINGTHEDESIGNPHASEOBVIOUSLY,THEWEBAPPLICATIONDEVELOPMENTPROCESSINCONTRASTTOAGENERALSOFTWAREPROCESSASSUMESAWEBBASEDSOFTWARESOLUTIONANDMUSTACCOMMODATETHISTHEIMPLEMENTATIONTRANSFORMSTHEDESIGNINTOACTUALSOFTWAREFORWEBAPPLICATIONS,THISPHASEHASTORELYONAVAILABLEWEBIMPLEMENTATIONTECHNOLOGYFINALLY,MAINTENANCEISCONCERNEDWITHMODIFICATIONSTOTHESOFTWARE,WHICHMAYOCCURATTHEIMPLEMENTATION,DESIGN,OREVENANALYSISLEVELSGENERALSOFTWAREPROCESSESAREHARDTORELATETOTHEWEBIMPLEMENTATIONMODEL,ASWILLBEDISCUSSEDBELOWTHEWEBIMPLEMENTATIONMODELISBASEDONFLATDECOMPOSITIONOFAPPLICATIONSINTORESOURCESRESOURCESHAVEAUNIQUEADDRESS,ANDTHEYAREDELIVEREDONREQUESTFROMWEBSERVERTOWEBCLIENTTHEYCANBESTATICORDYNAMICALLYGENERATEDFROMASCRIPT,BUTTHEYAREINHERENTLYSPECIFIC,WHICHMEANSTHATTHEYCANNOTCAPTUREABSTRACTIONSDOCUMENTDELIVERYAPPLICATIONSTHEWORLDWIDEWEBWASORIGINALLYDESIGNEDASANINFORMATIONMEDIUMFORDISTRIBUTEDRESEARCHTEAMS4AKEYOBJECTIVEWASTOMAKEITASEASYASPOSSIBLEFORAUTHORSTODELIVERDOCUMENTS,ANDTHENOTIONOFWEBAPPLICATIONDEVELOPMENTESSENTIALLYBOILEDDOWNTODOCUMENTDEVELOPMENTBYANAUTHORORSMALLGROUPOFAUTHORSFORTHISKINDOFDEVELOPMENT,THELIFECYCLECOMPRISESINFORMALANALYSISOFWHATISTOBEPRESENTED,INFORMALDESIGNOFHOWTOSTRUCTUREITINTOHYPERLINKEDCHUNKSOFINFORMATION,ANDIMPLEMENTATIONTHROUGHMARKUPFOLLOWINGIMPLEMENTATION,THEDOCUMENTSAREMAINTAINEDBYTHEAUTHORSTHEMSELVESTHEWEBIMPLEMENTATIONMODELWASDESIGNEDTOMEETTHESELIFECYCLEREQUIREMENTSITISDELIBERATELYSIMPLE,BASEDONTHENOTIONOFRESOURCESTHATMODELMOSTLYSELF
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    • 簡介:此文檔是畢業(yè)設(shè)計外文翻譯成品(含英文原文中文翻譯),無需調(diào)整復(fù)雜的格式下載之后直接可用,方便快捷本文價格不貴,也就幾十塊錢一輩子也就一次的事外文標(biāo)題SMARTSHOPPINGSYSTEMANDROIDAPPLICATION外文作者M(jìn)SMANSIMHASKE,MSMAYURISAWANT,MSEKTABHATTAD,MSAMRUTAGAIKWADANDPROFMANOJMULIK文獻(xiàn)出處INTERNATIONALJOURNALOFMATHEMATICALARCHIVE85,2019,712如覺得年份太老,可改為近2年,畢竟很多畢業(yè)生都這樣做英文1726單詞,10102字符字符就是印刷符,中文2800漢字。(如果字?jǐn)?shù)多了,可自行刪減,大多數(shù)學(xué)校都是要求選取外文的一部分內(nèi)容進(jìn)行翻譯的。)SMARTSHOPPINGSYSTEMANDROIDAPPLICATIONABSTRACTINTODAYSLIFEGOINGTOMALLSFORSHOPPINGISINCREASINGRAPIDLYPEOPLETAKETHEITEMANDPUTITINTOTROLLEYAFTERDONEWITHSHOPPINGTHEYGOFORBILLINGATTHEBILLINGCOUNTERBUTASTHEREAREMANYPEOPLESTANDINGINQUEUEFORBILLINGPURPOSE,SOLOTSOFTIMEISREQUIREDFORTHEINDIVIDUALSFORBILLINGBECAUSEOFEXISTINGBARCODETECHNOLOGYTOREDUCETHISTIME,WEAREPROPOSEDASYSTEMBASEDONNFCTECHNOLOGY5THESYSTEMCONTAINSTHEITEMSATTACHEDWITHNFCTAG,ANDROIDPHONEHAVINGNFCREADERWHICHREADSTHETAGINFORMATIONWHENPUTINTOTHETROLLEYTHENTHISINFORMATIONISSENDTOMAINBILLINGSERVERWHICHCALCULATESTHETOTALNUMBEROFPURCHASEDITEMSANDSENDSTHECALCULATEDBILLTOTHEDEVICEATTACHEDTOTROLLEYFORDISPLAYINGITONDISPLAYOFSMARTPHONEALONGWITHTHISSYSTEMWEAREIMPLEMENTINGANANDROIDAPPLICATIONFORREWARDINGFACILITYTHEAPPLICATIONISBASEDONTHETROLLEYNUMBERANDTOTALNUMBEROFPURCHASEDITEMSKEYWORDSCLIENT/SERVER,NFC,EMBEDDEDSYSTEM,ANDROIDMOBILEPHONE,NFCREADER,PRODUCTIVITYTIME,SUPERMARKET,BARCODESCANNER,SENSORFIGUREANDROIDLAYEREDARCHITECTUREIIMOTIVATIONOURAIMISTODEVELOPASYSTEMTHATCANBEUSEDININDUSTRYORSHOPPINGMALLSTOSOLVETHECHALLENGESLIKELONGQUEUEONCOUNTERSWEFIRMLYBELIEVEINMAKINGOURENVIRONMENTASMARTERANDDIGITIZEDIIIGOALANDOBJECTIVESOVERALLGOALSANDOBJECTIVESOFSOFTWAREISTOELIMINATETIMETAKENINBILLINGCOUNTERINSUPERMARKETSANDINCREASESCUSTOMERSATISFACTIONITREDUCESMANPOWERREQUIREDINBILLINGSECTIONINCREASEPRODUCTIVITYTIMETHEOBJECTIVEOFTHISSOFTWAREISTOPROVIDEEASYASSISTANCETOBOTHTHECUSTOMERASWELLASTHEMERCHANTWITHPROPERDATABASEANDINFORMATIONIVSYSTEMDESIGNOURSYSTEMISAIMEDTODESIGNTHESMARTSHOPPINGINTHEMALLSTHECUSTOMERCANPURCHASEDIFFERENTPRODUCTSINTHEMALLAFTERSHOPPINGCUSTOMERMUSTWAITINTHEQUEUESOTOREDUCETHATTIMEOURSYSTEMISGOINGTOHELPAFTERPURCHASINGEACHPRODUCTCUSTOMERCANSCANTHEPRODUCTIENFCTAGVIANFCSCANNERWHICHISINBUILTINTHESMARTPHONETHETOTALISAUTOMATICALLYDONEBYTHESERVERTHESERVERANDTHESMARTPHONEARECONNECTEDVIAWIFI
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    • 簡介:此文檔是畢業(yè)設(shè)計外文翻譯成品(含英文原文中文翻譯),無需調(diào)整復(fù)雜的格式下載之后直接可用,方便快捷本文價格不貴,也就幾十塊錢一輩子也就一次的事外文標(biāo)題IMPROVEDTRAFFICSIGNALDETECTIONANDCLASSIFICATIONVIAIMAGEPROCESSINGALGORITHMS外文作者LEONARDOBRUNO,GIUSEPPEPARLA,CLARACELAURO文獻(xiàn)出處PROCEDIASOCIALANDBEHAVIORALSCIENCES532018811–821如覺得年份太老,可改為近2年,畢竟很多畢業(yè)生都這樣做英文3815單詞,23514字符字符就是印刷符,中文5859漢字。(如果字?jǐn)?shù)多了,可自行刪減,大多數(shù)學(xué)校都是要求選取外文的一部分內(nèi)容進(jìn)行翻譯的。)IMPROVEDTRAFFICSIGNALDETECTIONANDCLASSIFICATIONVIAIMAGEPROCESSINGALGORITHMSABSTRACTANIMAGEANALYSISTECHNIQUEFORAUTOMATICTRAFFICSIGNDETECTIONANDCLASSIFICATIONISPROPOSEDITMAKESITPOSSIBLE,AFTERPROPERTRAINING,TODETECT,RECOGNIZEANDCLASSIFYVERTICALROADSIGNSFROMVIDEOFRAMESACQUIREDONAMOVINGVEHICLEEQUIPPEDWITHCAMERAS,ASWELLASTOIDENTIFYANOMALIESWITHRESPECTTOROADSIGNREGULATIONSPOSITIONINGANDVISIBILITYTHEEXPERIMENTALRESULTSSHOWTHATTHISTECHNIQUEALLOWSONETOCORRECTLYDETECTANDCLASSIFYALMOSTALLVERTICALSIGNSAND,MAINLYINEXTRAURBANENVIRONMENT,ITCANBECONSIDEREDASHIGHLYRELIABLE,APARTFROMBEINGREALLYVERSATILEANDUSERFRIENDLYFORROADINVENTORYANDROADMAINTENANCEPURPOSESKEYWORDSROADSIGNALAUTOMATICDETECTIONTRACKINGANDCLASSIFICATIONMAINTENANCE1INTRODUCTIONIMPROVINGTRAFFICQUALITYANDSAFETYCANNOTBEACHIEVEDWITHOUTCORRECTLYAPPLYINGANDMAINTAININGROADTRAFFICSIGNS,TRAFFICSIGNALSANDROADMARKINGSINFACT,WHENROADSIGNSARENOTPRESENT,VISIBLE,ANDADEQUATEWITHRESPECTTOTHEROADANDTRAFFICFIG1ITALIANROADSIGNSADANGERBREGULATORYCDIRECTIONWARNINGSIGNSTHEYPREADVISEPEOPLEOFASPECIFICTYPEOFPOTENTIALDANGERANDWARNDRIVERSTOADOPTPRUDENTIALBEHAVIORTHEYAREUSUALLYTRIANGULARINSHAPEUPWARDEQUILATERALTRIANGLEREGULATORYSIGNSTHEYMAKEAPRESCRIPTIONKNOWNWITHWHICHTHEROADUSERSMUSTCOMPLYTHEYARESUBDIVIDEDINTOGIVEWAYSIGNSPROHIBITIONSIGNSANDOBLIGATIONSIGNSSIGNSTHATPROVIDEINFORMATIONABOUTTHELOCATIONOFEITHERTHEDRIVERORPOSSIBLEDESTINATIONSWARNINGANDPRESCRIPTIONSIGNSMUSTBELOCATEDALONGTHERIGHTSIDEOFTHEROADAPOSITIONINGDISTANCEISDEFINEDFORPLACINGWARNINGANDREGULATORYSIGNSINORDERTOALLOWDRIVERSTOMAKETHEIRBEHAVIORCOMPLYWITHWHATISINDICATEDTHESEDISTANCESINITALYARESETASINTABLE1,BASEDONTHETYPEOFROADTABLE1POSITIONINGDISTANCESFORDIFFERENTSIGNALSASAFUNCTIONOFTHETYPEOFROAD
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    • 簡介:此文檔是畢業(yè)設(shè)計外文翻譯成品(含英文原文中文翻譯),無需調(diào)整復(fù)雜的格式下載之后直接可用,方便快捷本文價格不貴,也就幾十塊錢一輩子也就一次的事外文標(biāo)題TRADEDISPUTESBETWEENCHINAANDTHEUNITEDSTATESGROWINGPAINSSOFAR,WORSEAHEAD外文作者GARYCLYDEHUFBAUERANDJAREDCWOOLLACOTT文獻(xiàn)出處SSRNELECTRONICJOURNALDECEMBER2018如覺得年份太老,可改為近2年,畢竟很多畢業(yè)生都這樣做英文5338單詞,34689字符字符就是印刷符,中文8819漢字。(如果字?jǐn)?shù)多了,可自行刪減,大多數(shù)學(xué)校都是要求選取外文的一部分內(nèi)容進(jìn)行翻譯的。)TRADEDISPUTESBETWEENCHINAANDTHEUNITEDSTATESGROWINGPAINSSOFAR,WORSEAHEADABSTRACTTHISSTUDYCOVERSTHEHISTORYOFSINOUSTRADERELATIONSWITHAPARTICULARFOCUSONTHEPASTDECADE,DURINGWHICHTIMEEACHHASBEENAMEMBEROFTHEWORLDTRADEORGANIZATIONWTOPROVIDINGABRIEFHISTORYOF19THAND20THCENTURYECONOMICRELATIONS,THISPAPEREXAMINESINDETAILTHETRADEDISPUTESTHATHAVEARISENBETWEENCHINAANDTHEUNITEDSTATESOVERTHEPASTDECADE,GIVINGDOLLARESTIMATESFORTHETRADEFLOWSATISSUEEACHCOUNTRYHASPARTAKENINTHEIRSHAREOFPROTECTIONISTMEASURES,HOWEVER,USMEASURESHAVEBEENCHARACTERISTICALLYDEFENSIVE,PROTECTINGDECLININGINDUSTRIES,WHILECHINESEMEASURESHAVEBEENCHARACTERISTICALLYOFFENSIVE,PROMOTINGNASCENTINDUSTRIESWEALSOCOVERADMINISTRATIVEANDLEGISLATIONACTIONSWITHINEACHCOUNTRYTHATHAVEYETTOBETHESUBJECTOFFORMALCOMPLAINTATTHEWTOTHISINCLUDESANORIGINALANDCOMPREHENSIVEQUANTITATIVESUMMARYOFUSSECTION337INTELLECTUALPROPERTYRIGHTSCASESWHILEWEVIEWTHEFRICTIONSINSINOUSTRADEALOGICALCONSEQUENCEOFTHERAPIDINCREASEINFLOWSBETWEENTHETWOCOUNTRIES,WECAUTIONTHATEACHCOUNTRYWORKWITHINTHEWTOFRAMEWORKANDRESPECTANYADVERSEDECISIONSITDELIVERSSOTHATAPROTRACTEDPROTECTIONISTCONFLICTDOESNOTEMERGEWESEETHECURRENTCURRENCYBATTLEASONEPOTENTIALCATALYSTFORSUCHCONFLICTIFUSANDCHINESEPOLICYMAKERSFAILTOMANAGEITJUDICIOUSLYSEEFIGURE2INTHESAMEYEAR,CHINAPURCHASED66PERCENTOFUSEXPORTS,WHILE77PERCENTOFCHINESEIMPORTSCAMEFROMTHEUNITEDSTATESTHEGROWTHINSINOUSTRADEHASBEENRAPIDEXPRESSEDINPERCENTAGEGROWTHTERMS,USMERCHANDISEIMPORTSFROMCHINASINCE1984HAVEBEENIMPRESSIVE210PERCENTAVERAGEANNUALGROWTHEACHYEAROVERTHEPASTQUARTERCENTURY,CHINAHASSUPPLIEDANADDITIONAL118BILLIONOFIMPORTSTOTHEUSECONOMYONAVERAGE,SOME231PERCENTOFUSIMPORTGROWTHOVERTHEPERIOD1984–2009CANADAHASSUPPLIEDTHESECONDLARGESTSHAREOFIMPORTGROWTHOVERTHISPERIOD,WITHANAVERAGEOF67BILLIONADDITIONALIMPORTSPERYEAR,SOME131PERCENTOFUSIMPORTGROWTH4PRCFIGURESDIFFERSOMEWHATFROMUSSTATISTICS,WHICHISNOTSURPRISINGACCORDINGTOPRCREPORTEDDATA,THEUNITEDSTATESHASPURCHASEDANANNUALAVERAGEOF91BILLIONINADDITIONALEXPORTSFROMCHINAOVERTHE1984–2009PERIOD,NOT118BILLIONTHISHASSUPPORTEDANOVERALLAVERAGEANNUALGROWTHOF183PERCENTINPRCEXPORTVOLUMESEETABLE2DESPITECOMPARABLEAVERAGEANNUALLEVELSOFFDI,THETRENDSDIFFERCONSIDERABLYFDIINTOTHEUNITEDSTATESREMAINEDSTEADYATAPPROXIMATELY30BILLIONPERYEAROVERTHEPERIOD2003–06,THENINCREASEDDRAMATICALLYIN2007AND2008TO177BILLION,WITHASLIGHTREDUCTIONOFTOTALINFLOWSIN2009WHILEFDIENTERINGTHEUNITEDSTATESINCREASEDINADRAMATICSTEPWISEFASHION,FDIENTERINGCHINAHASDECLINEDSOMEWHATBETWEEN2003–04AND2008–09
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    • 簡介:此文檔是畢業(yè)設(shè)計外文翻譯成品(含英文原文中文翻譯),無需調(diào)整復(fù)雜的格式下載之后直接可用,方便快捷本文價格不貴,也就幾十塊錢一輩子也就一次的事外文標(biāo)題THEIMPORTANCEOFBRANDINGTOENTERPRISESWHYAREENTERPRISESSTRESSINGONBRANDBUILDINGANDBRANDIMAGE外文作者M(jìn)RSDILPREETKAURDHAMI文獻(xiàn)出處GLOBALJOURNALOFENGINEERING,SCIENCESOCIALSCIENCESTUDIES,VOLUME01,ISSUE01,DECEMBER2018如覺得年份太老,可改為近2年,畢竟很多畢業(yè)生都這樣做英文1953單詞,11568字符字符就是印刷符,中文3408漢字。(如果字?jǐn)?shù)多了,可自行刪減,大多數(shù)學(xué)校都是要求選取外文的一部分內(nèi)容進(jìn)行翻譯的。)THEIMPORTANCEOFBRANDINGTOENTERPRISESWHYAREENTERPRISESSTRESSINGONBRANDBUILDINGANDBRANDIMAGEABSTRACTBRANDINGISAMAJORISSUEINPRODUCTSTRATEGYWELLKNOWNBRANDSCOMMANDSAPRICEPREMIUMTHEYSPENDOODLESOFMONEYONBINDINGAUNIQUEBRANDTHEAMERICANMARKETINGASSOCIATIONDEFINESABRANDASANAME,TERM,SIGN,SYMBOLORDESIGNACOMBINATIONOFTHEMINTENDEDTOIDENTIFYTHEGOODSORSERVICESOFONESELLERORGROUPOFSELLERSANDTODIFFERENTIATETHEMFROMTHOSEOFCOMPETITORSBRANDINGISNOTABOUTGETTINGYOURTARGETMARKETTOCHOOSEYOUOVERTHEOTHERSBUTITISABOUTGETTINGYOURPROSPECTSTOVIEWYOUASTHEONLYONETHATPROVIDESULTIMATESOLUTIONTOTHEIRPROBLEMSTHEBRANDRESIDESINTHEHEARTANDMINDSOFCUSTOMERS,CLIENTSANDPROSPECTSITISANAGGREGATEOFTHEIRPERCEPTIONSANDEXPERIENCEASTRONGBRANDISINVALUABLEASTHEBATTLEFORCUSTOMERINTENSIFIESDAYBYDAYCOMPANIESINVESTALOTOFTIMEINRESEARCHINGDEFININGANDBUILDINGBRANDASITCANBECLEARLYSTATEDTHATTODAYHEBIGGESTDISTINCTIONBETWEENTWOPRODUCTSISTHEBRANDTHATREPRESENTSTHEMWASHINGTONTHEREISASIMPLEUSERSGUIDETHISNOTEISALEGALTENDERFORDEBTSPUBLICANDPRIVATE,THEOWNERHASADDEDTHEALLIMPORTANTEMOTIONALMESSAGE“INGODWETRUST“THEDOLLARISAWORLDBRANDITCONFERSAUNIFORMSVALUEGLOBALLYBUTITSREALLYJUSTAPIECEOFPAPERBRANDINGHASMADEITWORTHSOMETHINGTIPSFOREFFECTIVEBRANDINGFOCUSIFYOUCANNOTDESCRIBEYOURSELFINONESENTENCEYOUARELOSTANDCONFUSEDYOUNEEDTOFOCUSKNOWYOURUSPUNIQUESELLINGPROPOSITIONSETSYOURPRODUCTAPARTFROMTHOSEPRODUCTWHICHARESIMILARTOYOURITISUNIQUEENOUGHTOINDUCETHEPROSPECTTOBUYYOURPRODUCTAUTHENTICITYYOURCOMPANYPERSONALITYSHOULDBETRUTHFULANDTRUSTWORTHYUNDERSTANDINGCLIENTKNOWINGYOURPROSPECTSEFFECTIVELY,COMMUNICATINGWELLWITHTHEMWILLCREATEBRANDLOYALTYSOCIALMEDIAITISANABSOLUTEESSENTIALPARTOFBRANDBUILDINGITISALOWCOSTWAYTOCREATEANIMPACTONLARGERAUDIENCECUSTOMERCOMESFIRSTAKEYTOYOURULTIMATESUCCESSANDSURVIVOR
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    • 簡介:此文檔是畢業(yè)設(shè)計外文翻譯成品(含英文原文中文翻譯),無需調(diào)整復(fù)雜的格式下載之后直接可用,方便快捷本文價格不貴,也就幾十塊錢一輩子也就一次的事外文標(biāo)題STUDENTINFORMATIONMANAGEMENTSYSTEMBASEDONANDROIDPLATFORM外文作者WANGJIANFA,LIUJUAN,JIAOLIANGYU文獻(xiàn)出處ADVANCEDMATERIALSRESEARCHVOLS100610072018PP10571060如覺得年份太老,可改為近2年,畢竟很多畢業(yè)生都這樣做英文1578單詞,10638字符字符就是印刷符,中文2826漢字。(如果字?jǐn)?shù)多了,可自行刪減,大多數(shù)學(xué)校都是要求選取外文的一部分內(nèi)容進(jìn)行翻譯的。)STUDENTINFORMATIONMANAGEMENTSYSTEMBASEDONANDROIDPLATFORMKEYWORDSSYSTEMDESIGN,SOFTWAREDESIGN,ANDROIDSYSTEM,MANAGEMENTSYSTEMABSTRACTINTHISPAPER,THEDEVELOPMENTOFANDROIDBASEDSTUDENTMANAGEMENTSOFTWARESYSTEMTOENABLESTUDENTSTOSCHOOL,INTERACTIONWITHPARENTSANDTHESCHOOLHASANEWPLATFORM,ONTHISBASIS,THEPROMOTIONOFTHEWORKPROCESSSIMPLE,EFFICIENTWORK,EXPERIENCEANDSCIENTIFICSTUDENTMANAGEMENTANDQUALITY,MAKINGSCHOOLSREACHNEWHEIGHTSINTHEPROMOTIONOFINFORMATIONTECHNOLOGYINTRODUCTIONWITHTHEACCELERATIONOFTHERAPIDDEVELOPMENTOFNETWORKTECHNOLOGYANDINFORMATIONTECHNOLOGYENTERPRISESANDNATIONALCONSTRUCTIONPROGRESSOFINFORMATIONMANAGEMENT,WEBBASEDAPPLICATIONSANDMOBILETECHNOLOGYISINCREASINGLYCOMMON,THESEAPPLICATIONSLARGELYENHANCETHECOUNTRYSENTERPRISESINFORMATIONMANAGEMENTTOIMPROVETHEEFFICIENCYOFPRODUCTIONANDWORKORGANIZATIONTHEWHOLESYSTEMISDIVIDEDINTOFOURPARTS,NAMELY,THESTUDENTINFORMATIONCENTER,INFORMATIONDISSEMINATIONCENTER,INTERACTIONCENTERHOMESCHOOL,ANDSTUDENTS’MORALCENTERTHISFOURPARTSHAVEDIFFERENTFUNCTIONSSTUDENTINFORMATIONCENTER,THEFOUNDATIONISMAINLYRESPONSIBLEFORSTUDENTINFORMATION,GRADES,CURRICULUMANDOTHERENTRY,INQUIRY,STUDENTSTHROUGHTHESTUDENTINFORMATIONCENTERTOCHECKTHEIRTESTSCORESANDRANKINGINFORMATION,YOUCANALSOSEETHEIRSTUDENTINFORMATION,BUTCANALSOSEETOTHECURRICULUMANDSOONINFORMATIONCENTER,THESCHOOLSPRINCIPALISRELEASEDLESSONPLANS,HOMEWORKRELEASE,RELEASESTUDENTINFORMATION,HOLIDAYNOTICEPUBLISHING,STUDENTSANDTEACHERSASWELLASPARENTSCANTHENSEEWHERETHEUNIVERSITYSEVERYMOVEHOMESCHOOLINTERACTIONCENTER,THEMAINVOTINGPLATFORMINCLUDINGHOMESCHOOL,HOMESCHOOLSMSPUBLISHINGPLATFORM,PSYCHOLOGICALCOUNSELINGPLATFORMSEVERALPARTSFIGURE2SYSTEMDESIGNFLOWVOTEASPECTSOFTHEPROJECTHOMESCHOOLSCHOOLISSUEDVOTINGPLATFORMUSERSCANVOTEFORALLPARENTS’IMMEDIATERELEASEFIG2CHSCSMSPUBLISHINGPLATFORMTHATCANFACILITATECOMMUNICATIONBETWEENTHESCHOOLANDPARENTS,ANDMYHEARTBROKETHROUGHFACETOFACECONSULTATIONPLATFORMCOMMUNICATIONBARRIERS,TOPARENTSANDSTUDENTSAVIRTUALSPACETOEXPRESSMOODPROCESSDESIGNINCLUDESTHEFOLLOWINGASPECTSTHEDEVELOPMENTENVIRONMENTTOBUILDASERVER,ANDCONFIGURETHESERVERCREATEADATABASE,BASEDONTHENEEDSOFTHEDATATABLEDESIGNDEVELOPMENTSERVERINTERFACEINTERACTIONMODULEDESIGNISAPPLIEDTOTHEDATABASESERVERBUILDCLIENTUSERINTERFACEDESIGNTHECLIENTANDSERVERSIDEINTERACTIONMODULEREALIZATIONOFSYSTEMFUNCTIONSSTUDENTINFORMATIONCENTER,FORTHECLIENTTOGETTHESTUDENTSBASICINFORMATIONTOTHESERVER,THEUSERCANOBTAINTHEINFORMATIONCENTERBYTHESTUDENTBASICSTUDENT
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簡介:103VOL4,NO1JANUARY2008ASIANSOCIALSCIENCEWWWCCSENETORG/JOURNALHTMLONDIFFERENCESBETWEENEASTERNANDWESTERNPLASTICARTSLUXUECOLLEGEOFARTANDAPPARELUAGES,TIANJINPOLYTECHNICUNIVERSITY,TIANJIN300384,CHINAEMAILLIANGLU1125126COMABSTRACTPLASTICARTSREFERTOTHECREATIONOFVISUALSTATICIMAGESWITHSOMESUBSTANTIALMATERIALSASWELLASMETHODS,INCLUDINGARCHITECTURE,SCULPTURE,PAINTING,INDUSTRIALARTS,DESIGN,CALLIGRAPHYANDSEALCUTTINGANDSOONDUETOTHEDIFFERENCESBETWEENTHEEASTERNANDWESTERNCULTURES,PLASTICARTSALSODISPLAYDIFFERENTCHARACTERISTICSTOBEMORESPECIFIC,DIFFERENTGEOGRAPHICALENVIRONMENTSANDSOCIALANDHISTORICALENVIRONMENTSHAVELEDTODIFFERENTCULTURALFOUNDATIONSOFTHETWOTHECHINESECULTUREEMPHASIZESTHEKINSHIPWHILETHEWESTERNCULTUREPUTSMOREIMPORTANCETOINDIVIDUALEQUALITYTHECHINESECULTUREEMPHASIZESETHICALRULESWHILETHEWESTERNCULTURETHEEXPLORATIONINTOOBJECTIVERULESTHECHINESECULTUREEMPHASIZESHARMONYWHILETHEWESTERNCULTUREOPPOSITION,HENCERESULTINGINTHEDIFFERENCESINCHINESEANDWESTERNVALUEORIENTATIONSINADDITION,INTHECOMPARISONBETWEENCHINESEANDWESTERNPHILOSOPHY,THEFORMERSEEMSTOBEMACROSCOPICANDCOMPREHENSIVEWITHITSEMPHASISONTHEHARMONYBETWEENOPPOSITESIDESANDTHEINNEREXPERIENCESWHILETHELATTERTENDSTOBEMORESCIENTIFICDUETOITSDIVISIONBETWEENSENSIBILITYANDREASON,INDIVIDUALITYANDGENERALITYKEYWORDSPLASTICARTS,DIFFERENCEANALYSIS,CULTURALFOUNDATION,VALUEORIENTATION,DIFFERENCEINPHILOSOPHYPLASTICARTSREFERTOTHECREATIONOFVISUALSTATICIMAGESWITHSOMESUBSTANTIALMATERIALSANDMETHODS,INCLUDINGARCHITECTURE,SCULPTURE,PAINTING,INDUSTRIALARTS,DESIGN,CALLIGRAPHYANDSEALCUTTINGANDSOONTHEYHAVEDISPLAYEDDIFFERENTTRENDSANDCHARACTERISTICSINTHEEASTANDTHEWESTSOMEWELLKNOWNIDEASONPLASTICARTSINCHINAAREGIVENASFOLLOWSDURINGTHESPRINGANDAUTUMNANDTHEWARRINGSTATESPERIODS,PAINTING’SADVANTAGEINREMAININGIMAGESWASMENTIONEDINSOMEIDEOLOGISTS’WORKSAFAMOUSPAINTERINEASTJINDYNASTY,GUKAIZHI,EMPHASIZEDTHEIMPORTANCEOF“THECONVEYOFSPIRIT”,CHANGINGTHELONGLASTINGTRADITIONALIDEASTOPURELYPURSUESIMILARITIESINSHAPEINTHISWAY,ANEWFOUNDATIONISPROVIDEDFORUSTOUNDERSTANDTHECHARACTERISTICSOFPAINTINGARTSINSONGDYNASTY,THE“EXPRESSIONOFFEELINGS”THEORYCAMEINTOEXISTENCE,MAINTAININGTHATPAINTINGSSHOULDBERELIEDTOEXPRESSTHEPAINTER’SFEELINGSACCORDINGTOTHISTHEORY,SIMILARITIESINSHAPEWOULDGIVEWAYTOEXPRESSIONOFFEELINGSALTHOUGHTHEYSHOULDN’TBENEGLECTEDTOTALLYWANGBOINMINGDYNASTYGAVEAMOREPROFOUNDANDDIALECTICEXPLANATIONABOUTTHESIMILARITIESINSHAPE,WHICHISREGARDEDTOSTEPFURTHERTOWARDSTHECHARACTERISTICSOFPAINTINGITWASREVEALEDINBAIJUYI’SDESCRIPTIONOFZHANGZAO’SPAINTINGCOURSETHATPAINTERSAREGOODATCOMBININGTHEIRSUBJECTIVEEXPERIENCESWITHTHEOBJECTIVEENVIRONMENTANDTHENFORMINGIMAGESINTHEIRMINDSACCEPTINGTHISTHEORY,ACONTEMPORARYPAINTER,PANTIANSHOUMAINTAINSTHATALTHOUGHTHEIMAGESCOMEFORMTHEOBJECTIVEWORLD,THEYAREDIFFERENTFROMTHEREALONESDUETOTHEPAINTERS’SUBJECTIVEEXPERIENCESSUSHIINNORTHERNSONGDYNASTYPROPOSEDTHETHEORYOF“TOHAVEAWELLTHOUGHTOUTPLAN”,ACCORDINGTOWHICHPAINTERSAREEXPECTEDTOFORMMATUREANDCOMPLETEIMAGESINTHEIRMINDSBEFORERECONSTRUCTINGTHEMONPAPERTHISTHEORYHASBEENACCEPTEDBYTHEFOLLOWINGPAINTERSASABASICPRINCIPLEINQINGDYNASTY,ZHENGBANQIAOPROPOSEDANOTHERTHEORY“THEBAMBOOOUTSIDEMIND”ASASUPPLEMENTFORSUSHI’SINADDITION,ZHENGBANQIAOALSOPOINTEDOUTTHEDIFFERENCESAMONG“THEBAMBOOINMIND”,“THEBAMBOOINEYES”AND“THEBAMBOOINHAND”,HENCEGIVINGAMOREVIVIDEXPLANATIONFORTHEPAINTINGCOURSEMEANTIME,WANGBO’STHEORYHASBEENACCEPTEDBYALOTOFPAINTERSINMODERNCHINA,SUCHASSHITAO,QIBAISHIANDHUANGHONGBINACCORDINGTOQIBAISHI,THEINTERMEDIATESTATEBETWEENSIMILARITYANDNONSIMILARITYISTHEEXCELLENTONEBECAUSE“PAINTINGSWHICHARESIMILARTOSOMETHINGTOOMUCHSEEMMERETRICIOUSWHILEONESWHICHARENOTSEEMDECEPTIVE”HUANGHONGBINMAINTAINSTHATREALSIMILARITIESSHOULDCOMEFROMTHOSEWITHSOMECHANGESANDTHEFOLLOWINGARESOMEFAMOUSTHEORIESONPLASTICARTSINTHEWESTDUINGREVIVALOFLEARNING,ITALIANPAINTERLEONARDODAVINCITHOUGHTTHATPAINTING,ASASCIENCEBRANCH,BEGINSWITHPOINTS,105ASIANSOCIALSCIENCEAPPEARIN14THTO15THCENTURYSECOND,ITHADASOCIALSTRUCTUREBASEDONFEUDALMANORECONOMY,CONNECTEDBYLAWSANDCENTEREDONTHEARCHYTHETRADITIONALWESTERNSOCIALSTRUCTUREWASBASEDONITSAGRICULTURALCIVILIZATIONANDTHEINDUSTRIALANDCOMMERCIALONEWITHMANORECONOMYASITSBASE,THEFEUDALHIERARCHICALSYSTEMWASFORMEDWITHTHERELATIONSHIPBETWEENLANDLORDSANDHOMAGERSACCORDINGTOTHEIRCONTRACTSANDTHEREFORETHEDIVIDEDADMINISTRATIVEANDJUDICIALAUTHORITY2ACOMPARISONINVALUEORIENTATIONTHEDIFFERENCESBETWEENEASTERNANDWESTERNVALUEORIENTATIONSAREMAINLYSHOWNINTHEFOLLOWINGASPECTSKINSHIPINCHINESECULTURETHEWORLDSHOULDBEDIVIDEDINTOTHESUBJECTIVEONEANDTHEOBJECTIVEONETHESOCIETYSHOULDBEDIVIDEDINTOMANANDGODANDSOONDUETOTHEIREMPHASISONDIFFERENCESAMONGTHINGS,QUANTITATIVEANALYSISISWIDELYUSEDTOGIVEDEFINITELIMITATIONSTOCONCEPTSANDCATEGORIES,HENCERESULTINGINCLEARKNOWLEDGEINTHISWAY,THEPRECISESCIENTIFICAPPROACHESTABLISHEDINTHEWESTERNPHILOSOPHYHASLAIDTHEGROUNDWORKFORTHESCIENTIFICDEVELOPMENTOFWESTERNARTSREFERENCESLIU,WANMING2001CHINESEPAINTINGTHEORIESTIANJINANCIENTBOOKSPUBLISHINGHOUSE269WANG,LIU1984ONARTCHARACTERISTICSCULTUREANDARTSPRESS15WANG,SONGHUASHEN,NAIQUANLI,FENGCHENWU,ZHAOSHUANGZHANG,JINHUAXU,XUELAN2000PHILOSOPHYANDARTTIANJINSOCIALS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簡介:INTERNATIONALJOURNALOFPRECISIONENGINEERINGANDMANUFACTURINGVOL11,NO1,PP3947FEBRUARY2010/39101007/S12541010000541INTRODUCTIONASNEWFIELDSSUCHASITINFORMATIONTECHNOLOGY,BTBIOTECHNOLOGYANDNTNANOTECHNOLOGYEMERGEASADRIVINGFORCEINTHEINDUSTRY,THEINTERESTSINMICROFACTORYSYSTEMHAVEBEENGROWINGTHEMICROFACTORYISAMINIATURIZEDFLEXIBLEMANUFACTURINGSYSTEMWHICHCONSUMESMINIMALSPACEANDENERGYCOMPAREDTOTHECONVENTIONALONE,ANDITISDESIREDTOPRODUCEMICRO/MESOSIZEMECHANICALCOMPONENTSNECESSARYFORIT,BTANDNTAPPLICATIONSMAJORTECHNICALUNITSCONTRIBUTINGTOMICROMECHANICALMACHININGSYSTEMSARE,TONAMEAFEW,HIGHSPEEDSPINDLESYSTEMS,MICROHIGHPRECISIONFEEDINGSYSTEMS,CONTROLSYSTEMSTOGENERATECOORDINATEDMOTIONS,TOOLINGANDCHUCKINGSYSTEMS,FRAMEDESIGNANDMODULEALLOCATIONSCHEMESBASEDUPONOPTIMIZATIONFORHIGHSTIFFNESSRESEARCHERSHAVEBEENTRYINGTOPUTMICROTECHNOLOGIESTOGETHERTOBUILDMICROFACTORYSYSTEMSWHICHMAKEMICRO/MESOSIZEPRECISIONPARTSTOMEETTHENEEDSFROMTHEMANUFACTURINGINDUSTRY1INTHISPAPER,WEPRESENTAMINIATURIZED3AXISMILLINGMACHINEANDADEDICATEDCNCSYSTEMFORTHEMACHINETHE3AXISMILLINGMACHINEISCONSTRUCTEDASONEOFMICROFACTORYMODULEANDDESIGNEDTOPRODUCEHIGHPRECISIONMICROPARTSITHASADESKTOPSIZEOF200300200MM3ANDISSERVINGASOURTESTBEDMACHINEFROMFINITEELEMENTANALYSISANDANIMPACTHAMMERTEST,WEHAVEVERIFIEDTHATITHASAGOODSTRUCTURALSTIFFNESSANDHIGHNATURALFREQUENCIESAHIGHSPEEDAIRTURBINESPINDLEONTHEHORIZONTALZAXISCANRUNATUPTO160,000RPMTHIS3AXISMILLINGMACHINEWASPUTUNDERREALMACHININGTESTSANDITSUCCESSFULLYDEMONSTRATEDITSMACHININGCAPABILITIESACNCSYSTEMWASDEVELOPEDFOROPERATIONOFTHE3AXISDESKTOPMILLINGMACHINETHECNCSYSTEMINCLUDESAGCODEINTERPRETERWHICHCANPROCESSABASICSETOFGCODESANDMCODESINREALTIMETHECNCSYSTEMCONSISTSOFTWOPARTSTHEONEISADEVELOPMENTOFA3AXISDESKTOPMILLINGMACHINEANDACNCSYSTEMUSINGADVANCEDMODERNCONTROLALGORITHMSBYUNGSUBKIM1,,SEUNGKOOKRO1ANDJONGKWEONPARK11NANOCONVERGENCEMANUFACTURINGSYSTEMSRESEARCHDIVISION,KOREAINSTITUTEOFMACHINERYMATERIALS,DAEJEON,SOUTHKOREA,305343CORRESPONDINGAUTHOR/EMAILBKIMKIMMREKR,TEL82428687109,FAX82428687180KEYWORDS3AXISMILLINGMACHINE,CNCSYSTEM,H∞CONTROL,INPUTSHAPER,CROSSCOUPLEDCONTROLINTHISPAPER,WEINTRODUCEADESKTOPSIZE3AXISMILLINGMACHINEANDACNCSYSTEMWHICHWASDEVELOPEDTOOPERATETHE3AXISMILLINGMACHINETHE3AXISMILLINGMACHINEHASAMINIDESKTOPSIZEOF200300200MM3ANDITSCUTTINGVOLUMEIS202020MM3THEVERTICALLYINSTALLEDXYSTAGEISDRIVENBYVOICECOILMOTORS,ANDFORTHEZAXIS,AMAGNETICALLYPRELOADEDAIRBEARINGANDALINEARMOTORAREUSEDTHEAIRSPINDLERUNSATUPTO160,000RPMTHEGRAVITYFORCEISACTINGONTHEYDIRECTION,SOAWEIGHTBALANCERUSINGANAIRBEARINGCYLINDERISINSTALLEDTOCANCELOUTTHEGRAVITYFORCEACTINGONTHEXYSTAGEINTHEYDIRECTIONTHECNCSYSTEMDESIGNEDFORTHE3AXISMILLINGMACHINECONSISTSOFTWOPARTSTHEONEISAGRAPHICALUSERINTERFACEPROGRAMWHICHRUNSUNDERMICROSOFTWINDOWSANDTHEOTHERISADSPPROGRAMWHICHISIMPLEMENTEDONADSPBOARDWITHTITMS320C6701CHIPSAGCODEINTERPRETERISINCLUDEDINTHECNCSYSTEMWHICHCANINTERPRETANDINTERPOLATEABASICSETOFGCODESANDMCODESINREALTIMETOIMPROVETHEPERFORMANCEOFSERVOCONTROLLOOPINTHECNCSYSTEMBEYONDTHETRADITIONALPIDTYPECONTROL,SEVERALMODERNCONTROLALGORITHMSHAVEBEENTESTEDINCLUDINGH∞CONTROL,INPUTSHAPINGCONTROL,DISTURBANCEOBSERVERANDCROSSCOUPLEDCONTROLONTHE3AXISMILLINGMACHINEEXPERIMENTALRESULTSSHOWTHEEFFECTIVENESSANDDRAWBACKSOFEACHCONTROLSCHEMEWHENTHEYAREAPPLIEDTOTHE3AXISDESKTOPMILLINGMACHINEMANUSCRIPTRECEIVEDFEBRUARY2,2009/ACCEPTEDSEPTEMBER24,2009?KSPEANDSPRINGER2010INTERNATIONALJOURNALOFPRECISIONENGINEERINGANDMANUFACTURINGVOL11,NO1FEBRUARY2010/41TOBELOWINSTIFFNESSDUETOITSAIRBEARING,LOCATEATARANGEOF250390HZTHENATURALFREQUENCYOFTHEXYSTAGESHOWSATABOUT400AND710HZAND,FORTHEBACKFRAME,ITISAROUND440AND640HZITSEEMSTHATTHEDESIGNEDMINIATURIZED3AXISMILLINGMACHINEHASHIGHERNATURALFREQUENCIESTHANCONVENTIONALMACHINETOOLS0200400600800100000051015202530XYSTAGECENTERIMPACTZBACKFRAMESENTERIMPACTBACKFRAMECORNERIMPACTAMPLITUDEM/S2/NFREQUENCYHZXYSTAGEANDBACKFRAME0200400600800100000051015202530VERTICALMODE385HZYDIRCORNERIMPACTYDIRCENTERIMPACTXDIRCORNERIMPACTAMPLITUDEM/S2/NFREQUENCYHZPITCHINGMODE265HZYOING345HZROLLING575HZZAXISSTAGEAIRBEARINGFIG4FREQUENCYRESPONSEFUNCTIONSFROMANIMPACTHAMMERTESTTABLE1NATURALFREQUENCIESFROMIMPACTHAMMERTESTMODENATURALFREQUENCYHZXYSTAGE710ZDIRECTIONZAXISSTAGE265PITCH,385VERTICAL,575ROLL3ACNCSYSTEM31GRAPHICALUSERINTERFACEPROGRAMAPCBASEDCNCSYSTEMWASDEVELOPEDFORTHE3AXISMILLINGMACHINETHEDEVELOPEDCNCSYSTEMHASTWOPARTS,AGRAPHICALUSERINTERFACEPROGRAMINTHEPCPARTANDADSPPROGRAMINTHEDSPPARTTHEPCPARTRUNSONMSWINDOWSANDPROCESSESUSERINPUTSTHEDSPPARTRECEIVESTHOUSANDSTIMERINTERRUPTSPERSECONDANDINTERPRETSCOMMANDSINREALTIMEFOREACHAXISOFAMACHINEANDEXECUTESSERVOCONTROLLOOPSTWOPARTSSHAREADUALPORTRAMANDCOMMUNICATEEACHOTHERTHROUGHITFIG5SHOWSTHEGRAPHICALUSERINTERFACEOFTHEDEVELOPEDCNCSYSTEMANDITSBRIEFEXPLANATIONSONEOFTHEMAJORFEATURESOFTHEUSERINTERFACEPROGRAMISA3DPLOTWINDOWATTHEBOTTOMRIGHTCORNERINFIG5ITDISPLAYSTHETOOLPATHDESCRIBEDINGCODESWHENTHEUSERINTERFACEPROGRAMREADSINAGCODEFILETHECURRENTTOOLPOSITIONALSOAPPEARSASASMALLREDDOTONTHESCREENSOTHATCNCUSERSCANEASILYIDENTIFYWHERETHEMACHININGPROCESSGOESINTHEGCODEFILEUSERSCANALSOUSECONTOURINGFUN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